某散货船单桨、双桨推进系统燃油消耗分析（英文）

This paper presents a comparative analysis between single and twin-screw propulsion systems of a bulk carrier to evaluate the ship and propeller performance in terms of fuel consumption as well as to discuss the cavitation and noise criteria. An optimization model is developed to select the optimum propeller geometry and operational point along the engine load diagram for the selected engines of each case. The engines are selected from the same series due to the same behaviour along the engine l...     

液化天然气海运船舶能效设计指数研究(英文)

This paper describes the characteristics of liquefied natural gas(LNG) carriers briefly. The LNG carrier includes power plant selection, vapor treatment, liquid cargo tank type, etc. Two parameters—fuel substitution rate and recovery of boil of gas(BOG) volume to energy efficiency design index(EEDI) formula are added, and EEDI formula of LNG carriers is established based on ship EEDI formula. Then, based on steam turbine propulsion device of LNG carriers, mathematical models of LNG carriers' reference line value are established in this paper. By verification, the EEDI formula of LNG carriers described in this paper can provide a reference for LNG carrier EEDI calculation and green shipbuilding.     

LNG Bunkering Station Construction in Full Swing

In recent years,Chinese government’s policy support to the LNG-powered ship has been constantly increasing.The"Guidance on speeding up LNG fuel application in the shipping industry"has been issued with an intent to reserve a portion of fund for ship modification from the 1.5 billion Yuan special fund for energy-saving and emission reduction,so that 200m Yuan subsidies could be made available by the means of"award instead of subsidy".Meanwhile,the guidance determines that the highest price of LNG should not exceed 75%of the fuel oil price.     

Research on Energy Efficiency Design Index for Sea-going LNG Carriers

This paper describes the characteristics of liquefied natural gas （LNG） carriers briefly. The LNG carrier includes power plant selection, vapor treatment, liquid cargo tank type, etc. Two parameters fuel substitution rate and recovery of boil of gas （BOG） volume to energy efficiency design index （EEDI） formula are added, and EEDI formula of LNG carriers is established based on ship EEDI formula. Then, based on steam turbine propulsion device of LNG carriers, mathematical models of LNG carriers＇ reference line value are established in this paper. By verification, the EEDI formula of LNG carriers described in this paper can provide a reference for LNG carrier EEDI calculation and green shipbuilding.     

优化船用柴油机的性能以减少氧化硫SO_x排放物的形成（英文）

Optimization procedures are required to minimize the amount of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from marine engines.This study discusses the procedures to optimize the performance of any marine engine implemented in a 0D/1D numerical model in order to achieve lower values of exhaust emissions. From that point, an extension of previous simulation researches is presented to calculate the amount of SO_x emissions from two marine diesel engines along their load diagrams based on the percentage of sulfur in the marine fuel used. The variations of SO_x emissions are computed in g/k W·h and in parts per million(ppm) as functions of the optimized parameters: brake specific fuel consumption and the amount of air-fuel ratio respectively.Then, a surrogate model-based response surface methodology is used to generate polynomial equations to estimate the amount of SO_x emissions as functions of engine speed and load. These developed non-dimensional equations can be further used directly to assess the value of SO_x emissions for different percentages of sulfur of the selected or similar engines to be used in different marine applications.     

CCS:Pioneer for LNG Ship Standard

Although China is relatively late in the trial use of LNG ships,she has become the front runner in the promotion of LNG ships.The launch of China’s first LNG/diesel hybrid pilot inland waterway ship in 2010 became the prelude for the application of LNG as bunker fuel for water transportation.At present,with the speeding up of the layout of LNG stations of energy companies,and the increase of the government’s policy support,there is the trend of fast development of"oil converted to     

具有化学废热回收功能的船舶推进系统效率分析（英文）

One of the basic ways to reduce polluting emissions of ship power plants is application of innovative devices for on-board energy generation by means of secondary energy resources. The combined gas turbine and diesel engine plant with thermochemical recuperation of the heat of secondary energy resources has been considered. It is suggested to conduct the study with the help of mathematical modeling methods. The model takes into account basic physical correlations, material and thermal balances, phase equilibrium, and heat and mass transfer processes. The paper provides the results of mathematical modeling of the processes in a gas turbine and diesel engine power plant with thermochemical recuperation of the gas turbine exhaust gas heat by converting a hydrocarbon fuel. In such a plant, it is possible to reduce the specific fuel consumption of the diesel engine by 20%. The waste heat potential in a gas turbine can provide efficient hydrocarbon fuel conversion at the ratio of powers of the diesel and gas turbine engines being up to 6. When the diesel engine and gas turbine operate simultaneously with the use of the LNG vapor conversion products, the efficiency coefficient of the plant increases by 4%–5%.     

The design of underwater hull-cleaning robot

The research on underwater ship-hull cleaning robot was conducted on the purpose of realizing the automation of cleaning underwater ship hull so that service life of ship will be prolonged and ship speed will raised. Moreover, fuel consumption and the work intensity of divers will be reduced. In this paper, the current situation and the latest technology in China and abroad were analyzed; meanwhile, the typical characteristics of the underwater cleaning robot were introduced. According to the work principle of the underwater cleaning robot, the emphasis was put on the analysis and study of permanent-magnetic absorption, magnetic wheel, airproof and anticorrosion, underwater cleaning equipment and control system. The robot is easy in rotation and simple in control.     

考虑海洋环境-船体-螺旋桨-主机之间的动态相互作用的船舶在实海况下的油耗预报（英文）

The fuel consumption of a ship has always been an important research topic, but nowadays its importance has even increased as it is directly related to a ship’s greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions, which is now tightly regulated. In this paper, such a dynamic model is presented. The ship’s resistance in calm water and propeller’s performance in open water are required as input. The hull efficiency is estimated empirically. The diesel engine is modelled by a first-order transfer function with a delayed...     

双燃料船用发动机废能回收系统的技术经济比较（英文）

Nowadays alternative and innovative energy recovery solutions are adopted on board ships to reduce fuel consumption and harmful emissions. According to this, the present work compares the engine exhaust gas waste heat recovery and hybrid turbocharger technologies, which are used to improve the efficiency of a dual-fuel four-stroke(DF) marine engine. Both solutions aim to satisfy partly or entirely the ship’s electrical and/or thermal loads. For the engine exhaust gas waste heat recovery, two ste...     

Temptation of“Feast”with Hundreds of Billion Yuan

At present,under the dual drivers of policy and market,the process of inland river ship"switching from oil fuel to gas"in China speeds up again.The industry insiders expected that based on the calculation of ships aged under 7 years as per the current pilot ship requirements,the market size of ships"switching from oil fuel to gas"might reach 30b to 60b Yuan,and plus the newbuilding market,the total     

3-D computational method of wave loads on turret moored FPSO tankers

A three-dimensional method of calculating wave loads of turret moored FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) tankers is presented. The linearized restoring forces acting on the ship hull by the mooring system are calculated according to the catenary theory, which are expressed as the function of linear stiffness coefficients and the displacements of the upper ends of mooring chains. The hydrodynamic coefficients of the ship are calculated by the three-dimensional potential flow theory of the linear hydrodynamic problem for ships with a low forward speed. The equations of ship motions are established with the effect of the restoring forces from the mooring system included as linear stiffness coefficients. The equations of motions are solved in frequency domain, and the responses of wave-induced motions and loads on the ship can be obtained. A computer program based on this method has been developed, and some calculation examples are illustrated. Analysis results show that the method can give satisfying prediction of wave loads.     

船舶SOFC燃料电池与汽轮机联合动力装置能效分析(英文)

Strong restrictions on emissions from marine power plants(particularly SOx,NOx)will probably be adopted in the near future.In this paper,a combined solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)and steam turbine fuelled by natural gas is proposed as an attractive option to limit the environmental impact of the marine sector.The analyzed variant of the combined cycle includes a SOFC operated with natural gas fuel and a steam turbine with a single-pressure waste heat boiler.The calculations were performed for two types of tubular and planar SOFCs,each with an output power of 18 MW.This paper includes a detailed energy analysis of the combined system.Mass and energy balances are performed not only for the whole plant but also for each component in order to evaluate the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle.In addition,the effects of using natural gas as a fuel on the fuel cell voltage and performance are investigated.It has been found that a high overall efficiency approaching 60%may be achieved with an optimum configuration using the SOFC system.The hybrid system would also reduce emissions,fuel consumption,and improve the total system efficiency.     

船模在简谐激励存在时的运行模态分析(英文)

A ship is operated under an extremely complex environment, and waves and winds are assumed to be the stochastic excitations. Moreover, the propeller, host and mechanical equipment can also induce the harmonic responses. In order to reduce structural vibration, it is important to obtain the modal parameters information of a ship. However, the traditional modal parameter identification methods are not suitable since the excitation information is difficult to obtain. Natural excitation technique-eigensystem realization algorithm (NExT-ERA) is an operational modal identification method which abstracts modal parameters only from the response signals, and it is based on the assumption that the input to the structure is pure white noise. Hence, it is necessary to study the influence of harmonic excitations while applying the NExT-ERA method to a ship structure. The results of this research paper indicate the practical experiences under ambient excitation, ship model experiments were successfully done in the modal parameters identification only when the harmonic frequencies were not too close to the modal frequencies.     

Decarbonization of Ship Operations

<正>The need to reduce the trends associated with climate change imposes measures to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and increase the efficiency of the use of energy. The International Maritime Organization(IMO) has been active since 1997 in promoting the implementation of measures that lead to more efficient ship operation with less fuel consumption and less emissions(Tadros et al., 2023a). The measures include improved ship design and improved operational practi...     

Key technology of ship product data exchange based on STEP

In this paper, in order to implement the share and exchange of the ship product data, a new kind of global function model is established. By researching on the development and trend of the application of ship STEP （ standard for the exchange of product model data） standards, the AIM （application interpreted model） of AP216 is developed and improved as an example, aiming at the characteristics and practical engineering of ship industry in our country. The data exchange interfaces are formed based on STEP in the CAD/CAM for the ship by all function modules and shared databases under the global function model. The share and exchange of all information and data are solved in the design, manufacture and all life-cycle of ship products among different computer application systems. The research work makes foundation for the ship industry informatization.     

Risk zone of wrack hitting marine structure simulated by 2D hydraulic model

The wrack or the ship out of control will drift with flow.One of the most important factors that drive the ship is flow current which moves circularly in tidal area.The wrack from same place always drifts in different ways if the start time is different.So,during the ship drifting period,the drift trace is also determined by both wave and wind forces.The drift direction is limited by water depth which must be deeper than ship draft. These marine structures that can not afford the hit of wrack or will destroy the wrack must be well considered when they are placed near harbor and waterway or other water area with ship running.The risk zone should be consulted according to tide and weather conditions to protect structures and ships in necessary.A method is presented here to simulate the risk zone by 2D numerical hydraulic model with tidal current,wave,wind and water depth considered.This model can be used to built early-warning and protect system for special marine structure.     

绿色船舶的营运选择(英文)

Environmental issues and rising fuel prices necessitate better energy-efficiency in all sectors.The shipping industry is one of the major stakeholders,responsible for 3% of global CO2 emissions,14%-15% of global NOX emissions,and 16% of global SOX emissions.In addition,continuously rising fuel prices are also an incentive to focus on new ways for better energy-effectiveness.The green ship concept requires exploring and implementing technology on ships to increase energy-efficiency and reduce emissions.Ship operation is an important topic with large potential to increase cost-and-energy-effectiveness.This paper provided a comprehensive review of basic concepts,principles,and potential of operational options for green ships.The key challenges pertaining to ship crew i.e.academic qualifications prior to induction,in-service training and motivation were discussed.The author also deliberated on remedies to these challenges.     

Maritime safety concept is subliming

Traditional maritime safety only in- volves ship, cargo and seafarer, and aims at maintaining the safety of ship and cargo and the life of seafarers. Seeing from the global maritime changes in the latest ten years, this traditional concept is undergoing f…     

Application of the Grey topological method to predict the effects of ship pitching

Ship motion, with six degrees of freedom, is a complex stochastic process. Sea wind and waves are the primary influencing factors. Prediction of ship motion is significant for ship navigation. To eliminate errors, a path prediction model incorporating ship pitching was developed using the Gray topological method, after analyzing ship pitching motions. With the help of simple introduction to Gray system theory, we selected a group of threshold values. Based on an analysis of ship pitch angle sequences over 40 second intervals, a Grey metabolism GM（1,1） model was established according to the time-series which every threshold corresponded to. Forecasting future ship motion with the GM （1,1） model allowed drawing of the forecast curve with effective forecasting points. The precision of the test results show that the model is accurate, and the forecast results are reliable.