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《西部交通科技》2021,(3)
文章以某边坡填筑为例,采用Midas/GTS软件进行建模分析,重点分析了采用素土回填、5%水泥土回填、7%水泥土回填和9%水泥土回填时的边坡水平位移、塑性区变化规律,并对不同坡率时的水泥土回填加固效果进行了分析。结果表明:采用一定掺比的水泥土回填可有效地减小边坡水平位移,但加固效果不会随水泥掺比的增大而成倍增加;采用5%、7%和9%水泥土回填改良原有填筑边坡时,使得边坡安全系数分别达到1.24、1.37和1.52,说明水泥土回填起到了良好的加固效果;当采用水泥土回填时,塑性区体积减小,且随着水泥掺比的增大,塑性区范围逐渐减小;不同坡率下,采用水泥土回填加固边坡均能起到较好的效果。 相似文献
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文章以玉山县高竹山隧道的围岩节理特征为基础,采用离散元软件UDEC建立二维计算模型,通过计算不同工况下的拱顶塌落高度值,研究了两组节理耦合工况下节理倾角、间距对隧道变形的影响。研究结果表明,随节理倾角的增大,塌落高度先增大(0°~30°时)后减小(30°~45°时)最后再增大(45°~90°时),且节理倾角为60°时塌落高度计算值与普氏理论值最为接近;当节理间距在0.2~1.0 m范围内时,随节理间距的增大塌落高度呈非线性减小;当间距接近1.0 m时,塌落高度降幅不明显;当间距不大于0.2 m时,计算值与普氏理论值最为接近。 相似文献
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《西部交通科技》2020,(3)
滑坡作为常见的地质灾害之一,严重影响着人们的生命和财产安全,研究边坡的安全状态和加固方法至关重要。文章以某山区斜坡地带边坡为例,采用数值模拟方法,对该边坡在天然状态和暴雨工况下的边坡稳定性进行分析,并采用抗滑桩进行加固处理,分析了改变抗滑桩桩长和桩间距时桩顶水平、竖向位移和边坡安全系数的变化规律。结果表明:天然状态下边坡存在类似圆弧的潜在滑移面,边坡处于亚稳定状态;暴雨工况下最大位移值是天然状态时的3.3倍,边坡的安全系数为1.05,易发生滑坡,应进行相关加护设计;增加抗滑桩桩长可以有效地减小桩顶水平位移,而对桩顶竖向位移基本无影响,此时边坡安全系数随桩长的增加而增大,但改变幅度较小;随着抗滑桩桩间距的减小,桩顶水平和竖向位移不断减小,适当减小桩间距可以有效增大边坡安全系数。 相似文献
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文章以贺州至巴马公路金秀连接线的某高边坡支挡工程为例,利用Midas GTS软件进行数值计算,分析该边坡在锚杆格构梁与抗滑桩联合支护下边坡的稳定性,并针对锚杆格构梁进行参数敏感性分析,研究不同结构参数对边坡支护效果的影响。主要结论为:(1)完成全部支护后的边坡的安全系数为1.92,较原始边坡提高了24.6%,说明锚杆格构梁与抗滑桩联合支护方案对该边坡的加固效果明显;(2)格构梁截面尺寸对抗滑桩最大弯矩的影响较大,对坡面位移的影响较小,当格构梁截面边长为0.40 m时,边坡安全系数最大,边坡的稳定性最高;(3)当锚杆长度<12 m时,坡面位移较大,抗滑桩弯矩较小,边坡安全系数较低,故锚杆长度应≥12 m;(4)随着锚杆安设角度的增大,边坡稳定性先升高再降低,当锚杆安设角度为10°时边坡的安全系数最大、稳定性最高,当锚杆安设角度>25°时边坡的安全系数迅速减小、稳定性迅速降低。 相似文献
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为研究降雨入渗作用下的边坡稳定性问题,文章以云南省昭通市某高速公路边坡为例,基于Geo-studio有限元数值软件,探究了不同雨强、不同雨型作用下的高边坡稳定性问题,通过边坡安全系数、孔隙水压力以及位移分析了降雨对边坡稳定性的影响。得到以下结论:(1)随着降雨强度的增大,边坡的安全系数减小,孔隙水压力增大,峰值位移出现在特大暴雨(150 mm/d)工况中;(2)当降雨结束后,不同雨型作用下边坡安全系数大小排序为均峰型<前峰型<中峰型<后峰型,边坡位移大小关系为后峰型<中峰型<前峰型<均峰型;(3)随着降雨时间的持续,孔隙水压力大体上呈现增大的趋势。该研究可为解决降雨入渗下边坡稳定性提供参考。 相似文献
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以某边坡工程为例,采用数值模拟的方法分析锚杆预应力失效对边坡稳定性影响,得到以下结论:锚杆预应力的损失会给边坡稳定性造成较大的负面影响,尤其是当锚杆预应力损失为60%时,边坡安全系数为1.079,边坡此时处于欠稳定状态;同等损失量时,第一级边坡锚杆预应力损失安全系数受到的影响大于第二级边坡,即在多级边坡支护时,下部锚杆预应力损失对边坡稳定性影响更大,在施工过程应更加注重下部边坡的锚杆支护;同一级边坡支护时,上排和下排锚杆预应力损失对边坡稳定性影响更大,在施工过程应更加注重最上排和最下排锚杆支护。 相似文献
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为了确保深挖路堑边坡施工过程中边坡稳定性,以实际工程为例,基于有限元强度折减法,建立三维边坡模型,对不同施工工序下深挖路堑边坡施工全过程稳定性进行了分析,结果表明:(1)深挖路堑边坡施工过程中,边坡安全系数整体呈下降趋势,但期间随着边坡局部的加固,安全系数会有所增加,呈现波动状态;(2)在边坡加固方案相同的情况下,边坡加固时机不同,对边坡稳定性有较大影响。深挖路堑边坡开挖过程中,逐级开挖逐级加固和每具备加固方案实施条件时及时进行边坡加固处理,比全部开挖完成后再进行加固处理,安全系数最小值有显著提高。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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《Transportation Research Part A: General》1991,25(6):407-418
The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda. 相似文献
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介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献
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天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本. 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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Joseph N. Prashker 《Transportation》1979,8(4):329-346
Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area. 相似文献