多层结构卤化银微晶的设计及制备

卤化银乳剂的分辨率随卤化银微晶尺寸的减小而提高，但感光度急剧下降。研究表明：卤化银微晶的结构对感光度的影响很大。讨论了多层结构卤化银微晶的设计原理，用自动双注仪制备出多层结构卤化银微晶。     

带时间窗的甩挂运输路径优化问题研究

针对带时间窗的甩挂运输路径优化问题,考虑整车和卡车2种运输方式,以及整车、卡车、混合3种行驶路径,以行驶时间为目标函数构建模型,设计基于A、B策略的两阶段混合启发式算法.算例分析结果表明：针对客户规模在100以内的小规模算例,均可在3s内求得结果,策略B的求解时间少于策略A,而策略A的目标函数优于策略B;当客户规模逐步增至900时,选择策略A可获得更高的求解效率.可见,本文所构建的模型与算法是可行和有效的,对实际配送过程中的车辆指派与路径优化具有一定的参考价值.     

Antibacterial analyse of perovskite

We mainly studied the antibacterial properties of perovskite. Its structure was evaluated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectrometer etc. The antibacterial properties of perovskite to Candida albicans (ATCC10231), Escherichia coli (ATCC25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538) were investigated by the flask oscillation method. The results show that the perovskite has strong antibacterial ability, and continued antibacterial properties; its sterilization rates are 87.00%, 99.50%, 96.22% respectively to these three bacteria.     

Stability of a Class of Linear Systems on Hilbert Space

Thelinearcontrolsystemunderstudyisddtx(t)=Ax(t) Bu(t), t>0x(0)=x0,(1)whereAisthegeneratorofanexponentiallystableC semigroupT(t)inaHilbertspaceX, andBisaboundedoperatorfromtheHilbertspaceYtoX.Eq. (1) hasreceivedmuchattentionunderthehy pothesisthatAgenerate…     

钙钛矿型LaCoO3的制备及其光催化性能

采用柠檬酸络合法制备出钙钛矿型光催化剂LaCoO3,在自然光下对甲基橙进行光催化降解.采用XRD、SEM等手段对LaCoO3进行表征.结果表明,光催化剂LaCoO3的最佳制备条件：溶胶-凝胶的pH值为10,LaCoO3的煅烧温度为600℃,柠檬酸与金属离子的摩尔比为3：1.制得的LaCoO3催化剂,颗粒粒径均匀,光催化活性最高,在pH值为5的降解环境下催化剂对甲基橙（10 mg/l）的降解率可达93％.     

基于精简TCP/IP协议栈网络服务器的实现

研究了嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈Lwip的结构及运行原理,给出基于S3C44B0X RTL8019AS的嵌入式网络服务器的实现方案,该方案实现了信息家电或远程工业控制设备组网及接入Inter-net.研究了嵌入式网络服务器中TCP/IP协议栈用户程序的接口方案,以及信息家电和远程工业控制监测软件的设计方法.     

西安市大气悬浮颗粒物致突变性及其金属特征

目的　了解西安市采暖期和非采暖期的大气总悬浮颗粒物 (TSP)浓度、有机提取物的致突变性及无机提取物中Pb、Mn、Cr、Ni、Cd等金属元素特征。方法　根据西安市城市功能分区 ,用网格式布点法选择了 4个大气质量监测点 ,于采暖期和非采暖期共采集大气悬浮颗粒物样品 96份 ,分别采用增重法、Ames试验—平板掺入法和火焰原子吸收法 ,对样品中大气TSP浓度、有机提取物的致突变性及无机提取物中Pb、Mn、Cr、Ni、Cd等金属元素含量进行测定。结果　西安市采暖期大气TSP浓度为 0 .5 865mg·m-3,非采暖期为 0 .3 5 3 5mg·m-3(P <0 .0 5 ) ,且两期TSP浓度均显著高于其各自对照区 (P <0 .0 5 )。各采样点TSP的有机提取物致突变性检测结果显示各功能区均可检出致突变阳性样品 ,同一季节各监测点致突变阳性检出率无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但采暖期致突变阳性检出率显著高于非采暖期 (P <0 .0 5 )。各采样点TSP无机提取物中 5种金属元素浓度由高到低依次为Pb、Mn、Cr、Ni、Cd。采暖期各金属元素浓度显著高于非采暖期 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　西安市大气TSP水平与采暖燃煤关系密切 ,燃煤可能是造成西安市大气TSP致突变性增强的主要原因之一     

秀山锰矿区梅江河沉积物重金属含量及污染特征

采用污染负荷指数法和潜在生态风险评价法,分析评价了重庆秀山梅江河秀山城区段沉积物中重金属Mn、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd的表层及剖面分布和污染特征.研究表明:表层沉积物中重金属含量大小顺序为Mn＞＞Zn＞Pb＞Cu＞Cr＞Cd,剖面中Zn、Cu随深度增加而降低,其余元素规律不明显;研究区域重金属污染属于强度污染等级且...     

指标为3的单纯Mendelsohn三元系大集

一个指标为3的Mendelsohn三元系,记为MTS（v,3）,是一个对子（X,B,其中X是一个v元集,B是X中循环三元组（区组）的集合,满足X的每一个有序对都恰包含于B中的3个区组．设（X,B是一个没有重复区组的MTS（v,3）,如果（x,y,z）∈B必有（z,y,x）B则称（X,B为单纯的,记为PMTS（v,3）．不相交PMTS（v,3）大集,记为LPMTS（v,3）,是一个集合（X,B）}i,其中每个（X,B）都是一个PMTS（v,3）,并且UiBi构成了X中所有循环三元组的一个划分．本文给出了LPMTS（v,3）的一种构造方法,得到了其存在的一个无穷类：对于v=8,14（mod18）,v≠14,存在LPMTS（v,3）．     

一类混合判断矩阵排序的优化模型及其应用

研究混合判断矩阵的排序问题,提出了一种新的混合判断矩阵排序法.定义一类新型混合判断矩阵,利用C-OWA算子、C-OWG算子及三角模糊数期望值公式分别将区间数互补、区间数互反和三角互补互(或互反)判断元素一致化为数值型互补与互反判断元素.基于一致性互补与互反判断矩阵的定义,建立一个优化模型,通过求解该模型获得方案的排序向量.提出一种新的混合判断矩阵序法,该方法具有操作简便和易于上机实现的特点.通过实例说明方法的可行性和实用性.     

混杂系统稳定性条件扩展及等价分析

分析混杂系统的稳定性,将经典Lyapunov稳定性理论进行了扩展,给出了一类切换混杂系统的稳定性判据.基于此稳定性判据给出了特定形式的Lyapunov函数,并把系统稳定性问题等价转化为了线性矩阵不等式的求解问题,为准确判断混杂动态系统的稳定性提供了依据.通过仿真实例验证了结论的正确性以及分析方法的有效性.     

Explore the possibility of forming fcc high entropy alloys in equal-atomic systems CoFeMnNiM and CoFeMnNiSmM

The multi-principal high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are promising new alloys. However, it is a challenge to screen out the suitable composition from the diverse combinations. Referring to the prototype AuCu₃ with AB₃-L1₂ structure, where it becomes a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure if element A and B are the same element, the site occupying tendencies of the elements and thermodynamic functions are predicted by using the sublattice model supported with first-principles total energy calculations. By considering the Gibbs energy of formation and the configurational entropy, the fcc HEAs in available literatures are examined, and the results of the quinary system with equal-atomic composition CoFeMnNiM and the hexbasic system with equal-atomic composition CoFeMnNiSmM are reported, respectively, where the element M is selected from the rest of the periodical table. When M=Cr, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Re, Os, Ir, or Pt in the quinary systems CoFeMnNiM and when M=Ru, Pd, or Pt in the hexbasic systems CoFeMnNiSmM, respectively, the alloys are recommended to be potential fcc HEAs. The new approach opens a new way to mine the rich ores of HEAs.     

交通振动对邻近古建筑的动力影响测试分析

对北京地铁2号线和在建直径线邻近古建筑（明城墙遗址和京奉铁路正阳门老车站旧址）现场测试,评估其在既有地铁交通和路面交通作用下的振动响应,并研究古建筑结构振动响应的传播规律.测试结果表明：1）时域内,古建筑结构在地铁运营下的振动响应是路面交通的10倍左右;交通振动引起古建筑结构的动力响应随水平距离和竖直距离呈规律改变,且古建筑结构以水平方向动力响应为主;2）频域内,地铁交通引起古建筑响应的主要频段是40-90 Hz,路面交通引起古建筑响应的主要频段是10-20 Hz,且路面交通引起的古建筑振动速度在一定范围内出现放大现象.     

添加稀土元素对硬质合金物理机械性能和切削性能的影响

本文研究了稀土元素的添加种类和添加量对ＹＴ１５硬质合金物理机械性能和切削性能的影响。研究结果表明，添加稀土元素后硬质合金刀片的抗弯强度以及刀具耐用度等显著提高；添加Ｓｍ，Ｙ，ＳｍＰｒ效果较好，并且添加量存在一量佳范围，本文还对添加稀土元素后硬质合金的改机理作了探讨。     

基于空间效应的弃渣场边坡稳定性方法探讨

弃渣场常见于基础设施的建设过程中,影响其边坡稳定的因素众多,其中坡面凹凸形态、滑体端部效应以及坡体走向等空间效应因素对边坡稳定性的影响尤为显著. 为了研究坡体走向对边坡稳定性的影响,针对走向为折线形（弃渣场上下区域走向存在夹角）的某核电厂弃渣场,探讨了其边坡稳定性分析方法. 通过现场地质调查和区域划分,借助ANSYS建立三维模型,利用FLAC3D强度折减法分析稳定性和潜在破坏机制,以此研究弃渣场走向夹角对其潜在破坏机制的影响,最后提出考虑走向夹角因素的不平衡推力法,并展开走向夹角和边坡倾角对弃渣场边坡稳定性影响的分析. 研究结果表明:走向夹角影响弃渣场边坡应力场的分布形式和力的传递能力,走向夹角越大其稳定性越好,走向夹角超过60° 时边坡安全系数明显提高;坡顶区域倾角越大,坡脚区域倾角越小时,其安全系数提升幅度随走向夹角的增大而显著提高. 研究成果可为类似折线形走向边坡的稳定性分析和治理设计提供参考.      

三峡库区消落带土壤重金属含量变化特征研究

采集三峡库区消落带土壤,对干湿交替运行下消落带土壤重金属迁移转化特征进行研究。结果表明:汛期水体重金属含量明显高于汛后,消落带土壤重金属的迁移转化引起的环境风险较低。消落带土壤Cu和Cr主要以残渣态存在,生态风险较低,Pb和Cd可提取态重金属含量较高,潜在生态风险较大。长期周期性干湿交替运行下消落带土壤重金属含量总体呈现增加趋势,土壤中Cu,Pb,Cd,Cr的含量分别提高了17.04%,24.49%,12.99%及13.70%,总体而言,增大幅度排序为Pb>Cu>Cr>Cd。     

环鄱阳湖区高速公路周边土壤重金属特征分析

通过对环鄱阳湖地区周边昌九、南昌东绕城、梨温、景鹰、九景5条高速公路沿线土壤表层0～10 cm重金属Zn,Cu,Pb,Cr,Cd含量的调查研究,以江西省表层土壤背景值和国家环境质量标准中Ⅰ类土壤环境质量标准为评价标准分析该区段污染程度和潜在的生态风险.结果表明,5种重金属离子土壤浓度依次为:Zn＞Cr＞Cu＞Pb＞Cd...     

Prospective randomized trial of surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy for rectal carcinoma

Objective To assess the effect of surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy ("sandwich" treatment) in rectal carcinoma. Methods From October 1990 to January 2002, 260 patients with stage Ⅱ (117 patients) and stage Ⅲ (143 patients) rectal carcinoma were randomly divided into three groups: "sandwich" group (92 patients, group A), postoperative radiotherapy group (98 patients, Group B) and operation group (70 patients, Group C). The preoperative accelerated hyperfractionation (15 Gy/6f/3d) was given for "sandwich" group which was followed by conventional postoperative fractionation (DT 35 - 40 Gy/3.5 - 4 weeks). Patients in Group B were given postoperative radiotherapy (Dr 50 Gy/5 weeks). Patients treated with surgery alone served as control. Results The local recurrence rates of Group A, B and C were 5.4% (5/92), 16.3% (16/98) and 64.3% (45/70), respectively (X2 =5.726, P=0.017); and the distant metastasis rates were 6.5% (6/92), 28. 6%(28/98) and 31.4%(22/70), respectively (X2 =15. 703, P= 0. 001). The 3-ycar survival rate was 86. 9%(80/92), 62.2%(61/98) and 51.4%(36/70), respectively (X2 =15. 141, P=0. 001). The 5-year survival rate was 68. 5%(63/92), 54.1%(54/98)and 41.4%(29/70), respectively (X2 =4. 218, P=0.04). The Ⅰ and Ⅱ grades of radiation entero-colitis in Group A and Group B were 7.6% (7/92) and 6.1% (6/98), respectively (X2 = 0. 164, P= 0. 685). Conclusion Surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy can improve the survival rate and reduce the local recurrence rate in rectal carcinoma patients with stage Duke's B (Ⅱ) and C (Ⅲ).     

Microscopic structure and property of double-electrode gas metal arc welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy

This paper focuses on the research on double-electrode gas metal arc welding(DE-GMAW) of AZ31 B magnesium alloy sheet with 2 mm thickness. During the welding process, stable hybrid arc of metal inert gas(MIG) and tungsten inert gas(TIG) is employed as welding heat source. Optical and electron microscopes are used to observe the microstructures of the weld joint. X-ray diffraction(XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) are employed to identify the components in fusion zone. Microhardness is also tested. When the MIG current is 80 A, the perfect weld joint is obtained, though figures of fish scales are observed in all joints in the research. The fusion zone is formed by dendrites, where β-Mg17(Al, Zn)12is dispersed. The hardness in fusion zone and heat affected zone(HAZ) is lower than that in base metal(BM). The average Vickers hardness of fusion zone and HAZ is about 58 and 56 respectively, while the Vickers hardness of BM is about 63.     

铁道货车非线性稳定性

建立了具有 35个自由度的三大件转向架货车系统通用非线性数学模型 ,可用于分析普通三大件转向架、侧架交叉支撑转向架、自导向和迫导向径向转向架货车的非线性动力学特性。模型充分考虑了轮轨相互作用关系及悬挂系统的非线性因素 ,运用数值分叉理论分析车辆系统的非线性运动稳定性 ,对各导向机构和交叉支撑机构对三大件转向架货车运动稳定性的影响分别进行了研究 ,同时对货车系统有可能出现的准周期解及混沌运动也进行了探讨