美国新安全法律对我国港口的影响

2007年8月，美国国会通过新法案《活动货物扫描法》，要求外国港口对发往美国的集装箱在起运港进行100％扫描检查。该法律将美国自身的海运供应链安全成本转嫁予其贸易伙伴，增加后者的海运成本且降低海运效率。但美国是全球最大的经济贸易国，美国海运供应链的货源国港口将不得不按照这一法律行事。我国是美国海运供应链上最大的货源国，因此必须未雨绸缪，考虑该法律要求对我国港口的影响，采取相应的应对措施，避免届时两国间的国际贸易货物运输受到不良影响。     

美国西海岸港口作业集装箱分析

分析美国西海岸集装箱港口作业集装箱的情况.这些港口承担大部分我国与美国贸易货物的集装箱运输,对我国外贸和集装箱运输发展有很大的影响.     

美国西海岸港口集装箱运输发展分析

美国西海岸港口承担了美国一半以上的集装箱运输量,其中大部分是美国与亚洲国家之间的贸易货物海运量,对我国等亚洲国家与美国间的国际贸易和集装箱海运有极其重要的影响。本文根据相关数据,分析美国西海岸港口集装箱运输的发展状况。     

美国经济制裁对我国港航企业的影响及其对策

正美国行使"长臂管辖"会给国际化程度高、参与面广、对美国金融体系依赖程度较高的行业带来严重影响,而航运业和港口经营业往往属于其中。因此,我国航运企业和港口经营企业需要研究并采取应对美国制裁影响的措施,并且重在防范美国总统特朗普上台后,美国凭借美元石油霸权和美元在其他国际支付体系中的霸主地位,频频实施经济制裁。美国的霸凌行径使得美国的"长臂管辖"达到顶峰,给国际化程度高、参与面广、对美国金融体系依赖程度高的     

从全球视野看金融风暴下中国港口的发展

美国次贷危机引发的华尔街金融风暴,造成全球经济增长放缓或倒退,对全球集装箱运输的影响是巨大的,对我国港口也造成重大影响。2008年,我国港口吞吐量增幅普遍下降。如何应对金融风暴已成为港口的热点,各港都从港口自身出发,提出了各自的应对措施。笔者认为,我们不妨将视野从港口扩展到全球范围,这样的立意会更高,可以从更深层次来认清中国港口存在的问题和发展趋势。     

经济形势对我国港口经营策略的影响

为避免和减少美国次贷危机和欧债危机对我国经济的影响,结合国内外经济动态,研究和分析国内实体经济面临的人民币汇率、成本上升、信贷紧缩、利润缩减等一系列问题,探讨我国经济是继续高速增长还是将有一个暂时的调整以及高油价时代我国港口的经营策略。     

美国船舶港口大气污染防治及对我国的启示

随着我国航运业的快速发展,船舶港口排放已成为沿江、沿海地区大气污染的重要来源之一。美国在船舶港口大气污染排放控制方面积累了丰富经验,取得了显著成效。通过分析美国船舶港口污染防治的最佳实践,学习借鉴国外先进经验,针对我国船舶港口污染防治存在的问题提出相应政策建议。     

属地化管理对我国港口绩效影响的实证分析

基于因子分析法和面板数据回归模型,实证分析我国港口管理体制改革实行属地化管理后对我国港口企业绩效的影响。结果表明:属地化管理后,港口企业第一大股东持股比例、流通股比例及股权制衡度等因素对港口绩效有显著性影响,并且2001年以来的港口管理体制改革也对我国港口绩效影响显著。     

美国港口对经济影响的分析

介绍了美国对港口发展与区域经济关系的研究比较成熟,通常应用量化方法分析港口对区域经济的影响,着重叙述了美国华盛顿州的温哥华港以及加利福尼亚州的奥克兰港的相关分析结果。     

做小要做小而精 求大切莫片面追求吞吐量大——在“2008全国中小港口发展论坛”上的总结发言

<正>目前全国上下、方方面面,包括我们港口业界在内,都在议论、探讨、思考美国次贷危机和金融风暴可能会给我国经济带来的影响,给我们港口业界带来的影响。我国港口生产在实际上也已经出现了吞吐量增速回落,并出现了个别港口企业     

U.S. import/export container flow modeling and disruption analysis

International containerized freight movement is a vital part of the supply chain for many companies, and a critical element of moving consumer goods to points of retail sale within the U.S. Containerized imports also present a clear security concern (e.g., terrorists attempting to ship “dirty bombs,” chemical, biological or even nuclear weapons, into the U.S. in a shipping container). The goal of the research presented here is to create a modeling tool for analyzing flows of U.S. imports and exports of containerized freight, and the potential changes in those flows under a variety of conditions (e.g., port disruptions, extensive security-related delays, etc.). Our focus is on movements through maritime container ports, and not overland movements between the U.S. and Canada or Mexico.The network model, referred to as the System for Import/Export Routing and Recovery Analysis (SIERRA), represents container movements between the U.S. and 46 other countries that account for the vast majority of U.S. imports and exports. The SIERRA model is a network equilibrium model that predicts flows between foreign countries and North American ports, the total volumes handled (import and export) by each port, the modal volumes (truck and rail) moving domestically into and out of each port, and volumes between each port and a set of transportation analysis zones within the U.S.     

Widening the Panama Canal and U.S. ports: historical and economic impact analyses

ABSTRACT

The economic history of the U.S. illustrates how the role of many cities has been changed by being seaports or located on navigable rivers or lakes. Based on the widening of the Panama Canal in 2016, the West Coast ports that include the west coast seaports of California, Oregon, and Washington were expected to become less important, while the freight shares of the East Coast and Gulf ports would increase. By how much it has been not easy to measure or predict so far, but this study attempted to define some of the key parameters in the measurement. As well as several relevant background topics, both the demand- and supply-side versions of the National Interstate Economic Model, have been applied for the measurement of economic impacts. U.S. port authorities and policy makers at the local and national levels who respond and develop plans for coping with the new realities of the Panama Canal are able to understand the extent to which changes in shippers’ and land-mode transporters’ behaviors would undermine the logistics and the costs of their activities. Therefore, this study is important for a diverse spectrum of port development strategies in the U.S. to respond to the Canal expansion.     

门式辐射检测装置对于集装箱码头安全的影响

“9·11”事件后,美国加强国内安全,同时为了防范可能利用港口设施对美国本土的恐怖袭击,在全世界范围内的大型港口积极推行“大港计划”等港口安全倡议,在相关港口安装辐射检测系统,阻止核和其他放射性材料的非法偷运到美国。本文根据门式辐射检测装置在斯里兰卡科伦坡南港的实施情况,介绍其系统组成,分析码头安全设施对于港口安全管理及运营的影响,对于我国大型集装箱码头提供参考及借鉴意义。     

U.S. ports: evolution and structure

U.S. ports are facing competitive pressures similar to those being felt by ports elsewhere around the world. Despite the public enterprise nature of U.S. port authorities, they tend to function as 'business-like' organizations. This enterprise-like approach stems from their evolution from being primarily private railroad ports in the 19th century to public competitive port authorities in the 20th century. This paper provides an overview of the evolution of U.S. ports and the ongoing effect of earlier legislation, the varied resulting institutional structures, and current national and regional level issues. Although there is no national ports plan or strategy in the U.S.A. (the Constitution limits federal actions in the ports field) the federal government is involved in providing dredging services through the Army Corps of Engineers, navigation aids via the Coast Guard and other minor port-related services. U.S. ports typically come under the jurisdiction of state or local governments. Increasing competition coupled with other port issues (growing financial constraints, difficulties in obtaining dredging permits, environmental concerns and restricted landside access) is forcing some U.S. ports to enter into strategic alliances with others at a regional level.     

Ranking of factors contributing to higher performance in the ocean transportation industry: a multi-attribute utility theory approach

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) signed by Canada, the U.S.A. and Mexico and which came into effect on 1 January 1994, is a significant move towards further integration of the North American economies. This paper examines the likely impact of NAFTA on Canadian ports. Three channels of impact are identified. First, there are direct impacts on trade flows between Canada and its North American trading partners. In this regard we find that ports do not typically handle the types of products that are likely to be affected by NAFTA, and so the direct impacts may be minimal. Second, and more significantly, port catchment areas are likely to undergo substantial changes as they respond to a more competitive environment within the free trade area. Third, the transportation sector has itself been included in NAFTA, and Canadian ports will face increased competition from land based transportation modes. We conclude that ports in Canada must learn to work more consciously as agents of regional economic development.     

秦皇岛港海关电子卡口系统的设计与实现

摘要：为满足海关对港口进出1：2货物的监管要求，设计一种用于港1：2作业监管场所进出口货物的电子卡口系统。介绍该项目设计方案和流程实现。在秦皇岛港建设两个电子卡口系统，实现了对通过卡口通道的进出车辆24小时视频监控。项目取得良好的社会效益和经济效益。     

中国宏观调控的转换与未来经济走势

2008年美国金融危机爆发后，我国进出口迅速下滑，经济增速受到明显影响。在这种情况下，中央政府迅速采取了财政性的刺激经济政策，加大内需拉动经济增长。经过一年的努力，基本实现了全年经济增长达到8％的目标。就年底经济的活跃程度看，全年经济增长可能达到9％。     

Numerical model for sedimentation in the access channel and harbor basin of Belawan Port

Belawan is the largest port serving North Sumatra for the import and export.Port has facilities for handling container,CPO liquid bulk cargo,Oil,and other agriculture products.Its location is at the river mouth which is subjected to the heavy sedimentation especially after many deforestation activities in its catchment area. The numerical modeling was developed for predicting the rate of sediment caused by erosion in the catchment area for several scenarios.This predicted rate of sediment was applied as input to model of sedimentation in the ocean.Present condition of sedimentation data was used as calibrated data.This integrated model was used to simulate the sedimentation in Belawan access channel and harbor basin for several development plans.     

Factoring a real value of cargo in port investment and funding decisions

Ports are marine gateways to economic activities. Ports’ ability to perform services depends on their facilities, harbor conditions, and other factors. Generally, ports have control over their facilities but must compete for funding to improve them. As for waterways, in the U.S., a Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund was established to fund dredging, which levies a 0.125% cargo value tax on most shippers using U.S. coastal and Great Lakes harbors. Yet, commonly, a gross tonnage metric is used to allocate the fund’s resources, resulting in under-maintenance of some harbors. This, reportedly, deters additional port funding and hinders valuable commerce. Supplemental economic metrics, such as value of commerce or cargo, can improve port financing decisions, but such data is not readily available. Container ports collect cargo value data in nominal terms, but bulk ports do not. When making economic decisions, however, real values must be used. Further, when allocating resources, decision-makers must be able to assess ports over time and relative to each other. Conforming to these criteria, this paper develops three port financing indicators based on a real value of cargo and illustrates their calculations using the U.S. Port of Duluth-Superior as a case study.     

The privatization of United Kingdom seaports

The background is described to U.K. port administration and the implementation of the Conservative Goverment's privatization policy is reivewed. The objectives of privatization and the ways in which it has been achieved with trust and municipal port authorities are discussed. The paper goes on to discuss the difficulties encountered in privatizing statutory undertakings and concludes by examining the benefits port managers claim have arisen from the introduction of teh policy.