油气长输管道管沟开挖技术

结合国内外长输管道施工实际 ,论述了管沟开挖遵循的原则、开挖技术要点、地下水位较高地段及山区地段开挖技术和开挖安全保证措施 ,提出了地形地势允许条件下 ,优先采用通过管沟开挖实现管道的弹性敷设和开挖方案的制定与开挖作业的风险评价相结合的观点     

并行敷设旧管道的防腐蚀维护

对某并行敷设旧管道防腐层绝缘性、阴极保护技术水平、均压线分布状况进行了分析，举例阐述了并行敷设旧管道在后期维护中存在的防腐蚀技术不均衡、防腐层大修不均衡等维护措施不利的问题，探讨了防蚀保护效果不佳的基本原因，并简要论述了提高并行敷设管道防腐蚀效果的措施。     

顶管施工技术的应用

非开挖敷设管道技术有许多优点,在道路、铁路、隧道中已得到广泛应用.对有关应用中施工应注意的问题进行了阐述.     

埋地钢管腐蚀及检测技术研究现状

管道的泄漏和破裂会产生巨大的损失,加强管道腐蚀缺陷检测具有重要意义。文中通过埋地钢管的腐蚀形态及影响因素的分析,总结了现有的各种非开挖检测技术和无损检测技术的优缺点及适用范围,并在此基础上分别从原因、过程、结果 3个层面探讨了相关在线监测技术,对实际应用和研究工作具有借鉴意义。     

不稳定土层中顶管施工的技术问题和具体措施

顶管施工是国内外广泛应用的一种地下管道非开挖施工技术,作为一种新型的管道敷设施工方法,顶管施工具有成本低、应用范围广等优点,尤其在饱和疏松的粉细砂与粉土、淤泥等不稳定土层中,更能体现出其优越性。以工程实例为参考,探讨了不稳定土层中的顶管施工技术以及存在的问题,希望能给不稳定土层顶管施工提供一定的参考和借鉴。     

日益重要的水工业新型管材

本文主要分析了水工业中给水管道的发展现状，对新型的给水管道从物理性质、生产工艺、卫生条件、适用范围等方面予以讨论，并指出了它们的优、缺点，而且对实践中一些经验也予以总结，本文还分析了如何对现有管道进行改造的问题。     

在役给水管道内涂覆的研究

分析生长环对给水管道的影响,寻求合理有效的方法抑制生长环的形成,能够有效地延长给水管道的寿命,提高管道性能。从改善管网水质、改善水力条件等几个方面,分析在役给水管道内涂覆技术的应用优势。总结了国内外多种在役给水管道内涂覆技术。     

热水供热管道直埋方式在输油站场的应用

目前,管道系统输油站场中热水供热管道多采用地沟敷设方式,文中通过对传统地沟敷设方式在设计、施工及日常管理中所遇到问题的描述,以及直埋敷设方式相对于地沟敷设优点的对比性阐述,对热水供热管道采用直埋方式敷设时设计和施工等需注意问题进行归纳与总结。技术可行、质量可靠、施工方便、经济合理、环境保护等综合因素决定了直埋敷设方式在未来管道系统中将具有良好的经济效益和更广泛的应用前景。     

复杂地域条件的管道改线实践

阐述了复杂地域条件下管道改线换管应注意的几个关键技术问题和采取的措施.即:新管沟开挖成型后应完全符合技术要求;组管时应彻底清除管内异物和管内壁锈渣;管子防腐、焊接、下沟、管沟回填等环节达到技术指标是保证施工质量、延长管道使用寿命的关键:地震区不允许弹性敷设;管道通过地面坡度大于20°的地段时,要采取防护稳固措施;沿山体敷设的管道在管沟回填后应采用松软细砂做防护堤,以衰减山石下落的冲击力.同时简述了应达到的质量要求,主要是管道的吹扫、试压、焊缝检验及竣工验收均符合新的行业规定和标准.     

软弱吹填土地区管沟埋设技术分析

文章基于对钦州保税港吹填土地基地质情况的深入调查,阐述了管道开挖与回填的主要技术问题,并通过对比分析当前各种管沟埋设方案的优缺点,针对未经地基处理的地段开挖埋管,提出采用钢板桩+振动水密法综合处治的新思路,为吹填土地区或高水位软土砂基管道开挖埋设方案的选择提供技术参考。     

高速公路改扩建工程水土保持监测与评价

开展水土流失监测是水土保持监管的重要手段。文章以广西沿海高速公路改扩建工程一期工程水土保持监测实践为例,分析了工程建设水土流失特点,介绍了水土保持监测技术和方法,并通过对工程实例监测结果的分析评价,提出了水土保持监测工作中易出现的问题及相应的解决方案。     

Logsums for utility-maximizers and regret-minimizers,and their relation with desirability and satisfaction

This paper studies to what extent the Logsum-measure of user benefits relates to travelers’ perceptions of choice set-desirability and choice-satisfaction. Knowing these relations is important since researchers have recently started to analyze and interpret user benefits in general – and Logsums in specific – in terms of these more behaviorally oriented notions, rather than in terms of expected utility. Participants to a stated route choice experiment were asked to indicate, after each choice made, to what extent they considered the choice set to be desirable, or to what extent they were satisfied with the chosen alternative. These measurements were correlated with Logsums that were computed for each choice situation. In addition, the paper derives a regret-based Logsum (which gives the expected regret of a choice situation) and presents a comparison with its utilitarian counterpart. Also for this regret-based Logsum, correlations with desirability- and satisfaction-ratings are computed. As a general finding, it appears that all computed correlations are rather weak. This suggests that, at least in the context of our data, the utility-based Logsum and its regret-based counterpart appear to have only a fairly weak connection with the behavioral notions of choice set-desirability and choice-satisfaction.     

公路与水路运输节能减排量化分析和比较

通过研究汽车与船舶的油耗特点,结合燃油种类与CO_2排放量的关系,建立了计算公路运输与水路运输单位耗油量与单位CO_2排放量的数学模型。通过敏感性分析,研究车速或航速与载货率对车辆或船舶单位CO_2排放量的影响。以从厦门港到盐田港的干散货运输为例,做了节能减排计算分析,并将结果与用其他方法获得的结果对比。在此基础上,对公路运输与水路运输节能减排做了敏感性分析研究,可以计算出能够体现水路运输节能减排优势的临界货运量。结果表明本文中介绍的方法能够为核算、比较公路运输与水路运输的节能减排效果提供更科学的量化参考。     

Resilience and accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities

Recent years have shown a rising popularity of the concept of resilience—both theoretically and empirically—in complex systems analysis. There is also a rising literature on resilience in the transport and spatial-economic field. The pluriform interpretation of resilience (e.g., engineering vs. ecological resilience) is related to methodological differences (e.g., stability in dynamics vs. evolutionary adaptivity). But in all cases the fundamental question is whether a complex system that is subjected to an external shock is able to recover, and if so, to which extent. The present paper [Based on presentation from cluster 6 (Accessibility) of the Nectar 2015 conference in Ann Arbour, USA.] aims to add a new dimension to resilience analysis in spatial systems, by addressing in particular the relationship between spatial accessibility at a municipality level and the resilience outcomes of the spatial system concerned. It does so by investigating to which extent accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities has mitigated the local shock absorption from the recent economic recession. In our study the shock absorption capacity of municipal accessibility is estimated by analysing the relevant resilience indicators for the period concerned. In this context, conventional resilience indicators based on either multivariate complex data (in particular, the Foster Resilience Capacity Index) or employment data (in particular, the Martin Resilience-Employment Index) are confronted with spatial connectivity data based on local accessibility measures, so that geographical mobility may be regarded as one of the shock-mitigating factors. The empirical analysis is carried out for two countries which have both proven to be rather shock-resistant during the recent economic crisis, viz. Sweden and The Netherlands. Clearly, the geographical structure of these countries forms a sharp mutual contrast, viz. a spatially dispersed economy with a few distinct urban concentrations versus a spatially dense economy with one major metropolitan centre (the Randstad), respectively. Our experiments are carried out for the 290 municipalities in Sweden and 40 COROPs in The Netherlands. Our research findings show relevant and new insights into differences in the local recovery potential in Sweden and The Netherlands.     

科技创新与公共自行车系统发展

城市公共自行车的发展已经历了三代,正向着第四代公共自行车系统发展。为探究科技创新在其发展过程中所起的作用,高新技术是否能够从根本上解决中国城市公共自行车损坏率过高的问题,以及高新技术在新一代公共自行车系统中的发展方向,笔者通过对城市公共自行车系统发展历程的回顾,发现科技创新在公共自行车系统发展过程中起到了积极的推动作用,但不能从根本上解决车辆被盗和损坏的问题。进一步分析了高新科技对公共自行车系统的利弊,指出需要因地制宜的发展项目,不应一味的追求高新技术在系统中的应用。最后展望第四代公共自行车发展,探索了与公共自行车系统相关的高新技术下一步的发展方向。     

材料节约与循环利用专项行动计划技术成果简介

当前,加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会已提升为国家战略。交通运输部为加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型交通,组织开展了“材料节约与循环利用专项行动计划”。通过专项行动大力推广路面再生技术、废胎胶粉筑路应用技术、机制砂混凝土技术以及聚合物改性水泥混凝土技术等西部交通建设科技项目成果,以为交通建设资源的高效利用和循环使用提供示范。本刊现以专栏形式介绍上述成果的相关内容,以飨读者。     

隧道及地下工程结构防排水技术的发展和应用

文章总结了大瑶山隧道修建以来其复合式衬砌结构防排水试验研究和应用情况,介绍了塑料防水隔离层的防水机理及各种防水型式的优缺点,提出了改进建议.     

互联互通,走向繁荣

设施联通是"一带一路"国际合作高峰论坛六个平行主题会议之一,以"互联互通、走向繁荣"为主题,各国共商共议交通、能源、通信等设施联通务实合作。随着未来全球范围内基础设施的升级换代和互联互通,交通、能源与通信技术融合发展,催生新的业态,是拉动经济增长的新动能。在新一代基础设施网络体系的建设中,后发国家面临跨越发展的难得机遇,中国基础设施发展的经验具有重要借鉴意义。