对内河自卸砂船复原力臂曲线的探讨

自卸砂船是广东省珠江流域一种主要的运输船类，由于使用灵活方便，对目的地码头要求不高，因此在广东珠江流域得到广泛的应用。这类船舶具有长大纵通斗形开式砂舱。舱长较长，砂舱围板较高，货物重心较高，因此对这类船舶的稳性要求较高，而复原力臂曲线是决定自卸砂船稳性的最重要因素，科学合理的计算自卸砂船的复原臂曲线，是保证船舶稳性计     

从船检角度谈自卸式砂船事故预防

随着吉安经济的蓬勃发展,基础设施建设及房地产的开发对砂石需求量越来越大,辖区内自卸式砂船的数量越来越多,单船吨位越来越大,而自卸砂船稳性和结构先天不足,造成很多船毁人亡事故。文中结合辖区自卸式砂船的实际情况,从船舶的稳性、船体结构、排水设备设置、装载高度、现场监管等角度谈自卸式砂船的事故预防。     

自卸砂船的稳性缺陷及改进方法探析

主要探讨自卸砂船改V型舱底为W型底,从船舶的舱底形状、舱容、货物重心、船舶总重心高、稳性以及船体纵向强度等方面作综合考虑,较好解决内河自卸砂船稳性裕度不足的问题。     

内河自卸砂船稳性状况分析

超载和货物堆放状态是影响自卸砂稳性的主要因素,本文通过对内河自卸砂船完整稳性的分析和比较,提出了改善自卸砂船稳性的措施。     

横风横浪中破损船舶瘫船稳性倾覆概率研究

为了评估船首破损以后的倾覆概率,基于完整船舶瘫船稳性研究,尝试将破损船舶时域进水过程和倾覆概率计算结合。用Monte Carlo方法数值模拟某船破损以后的倾覆概率,采用四阶Runge-kutta方法求解横摇运动方程,研究不同载况下的倾覆概率和稳性高度变化。计算结果表明:相比完整船舶,破损船舶的短期和长期倾覆概率都增大;而在进水过程中,破损船舶的倾覆概率先减小后增大,到进水终了时刻达到最大。研究成果可望为破损船舶瘫船状态下的倾覆机理和波浪中破舱稳性衡准的制定提供技术支持。     

某自卸砂船翻沉的稳性原因探讨

文中定量分析了一艘自卸砂船翻沉过程中的稳性原因,用数据佐证了自卸砂船在设计及运营中为保证稳性所需注意的问题。     

基于稳性衡准系统(V4.2)的内河自卸砂船安全装载分析

本文在稳性衡准系统(V4.2)中对一艘珠江水系典型内河自卸砂船建模,分析货物装载不当对稳性的影响,提出自卸砂船装载注意事项。     

自卸式砂船概率破舱稳性分析

以一艘87 m自卸砂船为研究对象,介绍破损载况组合、渗透率、风雨密点与无保护开口、破舱稳性计算衡准。根据《船舶与海上设施法定检验规则-国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》2011,采用CCS船级社软件COMPASS对自卸砂船的概率破舱稳性进行建模,计算表明,该船的概率破舱稳性满足法规要求。     

砂船稳性事故分析及预防

阐述砂船稳性事故特征及砂船的稳性特征,结合对砂船运输状况的实地调查,分析砂船稳性事故发生的主要原因,并提出了预防砂船稳性事故的措施。     

20.8m吸沙船破舱稳性分析

通过对江苏省某市发生过的一起吸沙船沉船事故原因调查分析,发现此船的船体结构存在潜在缺陷。事后通过绘制沉船图纸,采用船舶静力学计算及稳性衡准系统V4.2软件,根据《内河船舶法定检验技术规则》,建立了船体模型并进行分舱,通过技术分析,发现其破舱稳性不足。当船舶发生舱室破损进水后,丧失回复能力,最终发生倾覆沉船事故。     

镍矿运输船沉没机理的数值模拟分析

近几年来,多条装运红土镍矿的船舶在南中国海倾覆沉没,引起业界的震惊。红土镍矿是一种非常特殊的矿物质,在运输过程中,如果船舶遭遇风浪,或船舶本身长时间的振动,都会导致该矿石的表面液化。液化后的混合液体具有较强粘性,可以形成自由液面。但由于现存的用于计算船舶自由液面的方法不适合于具有较大粘性的液体,因而无法解释运输该种货物船舶倾覆沉没的原因。所以,该文采用数学建模的方法,对运输红土镍矿的船舶进行了模拟计算。得出的结论是当流体的惯性力大于流体的粘性剪力时,粘性流体对船舶的作用力矩随时间的变化总趋势是逐渐增大。当流体产生的横向惯性力远大于流体的剪切阻力时,流体将会挣脱剪切阻力的束缚,迅速滑向船舶的一侧,使船舶的横稳性迅速消失,最终导致船舶很快倾覆沉没。     

Stability assessment for intact ships in the light of model experiments

A systematic method for assessing intact ship stability with a free-running model in a seakeeping and maneuvering basin is proposed in this paper. Model experiments were carried out in extremely steep regular waves for a model drifting, running in head seas, and quartering seas. This method was applied to two purse seiners, and efficiently identified thresholds in metacentric heights for capsizing of these ships. These capsizing thresholds are compared with requirements of the IMO Code on Intact Stability. This series of model experiments also confirms that capsizing at the threshold occurs only in quartering seas, and shows that capsizing is caused by broaching, loss of stability on a wave crest, or bow diving. Received for publication on Jan. 20, 1999; accepted on July 6, 1999     

Qualitative aspects of nonlinear ship motions in following and quartering seas with high forward velocity

By utilizing a four-degrees-of-freedom numerical model with dense grids of control parameters and the sudden-change concept, the qualitative aspects of the nonlinear motions of a fishing vessel complying with the International Maritime Organization's intact stability criteria in following and quartering seas were intensively explored. As a result, capsizing due to broaching, capsizing without broaching, broaching without capsizing, stable surf-riding, and steady periodic motion were identified. The natures of the boundaries of these motions in the control parameter plane were investigated, and the effects of the initial conditions and the nonlinearity of calm-water maneuvering forces are also discussed. Furthermore, comparisons with a model experiment showed that the numerical model used here qualitatively explains capsizing phenomena, but quantitatively overestimates the danger of capsizing. Received: June 11, 2001 / Accepted: October 9, 2001     

Effect of freeboard and metacentric height on capsizing probability of purse seiners in irregular beam seas

The probability of capsize of purse seiners in irregular beam seas and the effect of freeboard height and metacentric height on trapped water on the deck was investigated. The aim was to quantify a safety level that can be achieved by direct stability assessment for this type of fishing vessel. The amount of trapped water on deck was numerically estimated using a hydraulic flow assumption. The long-term capsizing probabilities were estimated using a piecewise linear approach together with wave statistics from major Japanese fishing areas. The estimated safety level of capsizing probability was compared with that obtained by the IMO weather criterion and by the water-on-deck criterion of the IMO Torremolinos Convention. Numerical results for four typical Japanese purse seiners indicated that the effect of freeboard, on the amount of trapped water on deck, is more important than that of the metacentric height. Besides the metacentric height and the freeboard, it was shown that the danger of capsizing is a function of the rise of floor. The safety level obtained by the capsizing probability approach is generally higher than that based on the IMO weather criterion. However, the water-on-deck criterion provides a higher safety level than the capsizing probability approach for ships with a low rise of floor.     

自升式海洋牧场综合平台抗倾稳定性分析

以自升式海洋牧场综合平台为研究对象，对平台抗倾稳定性进行分析。计算平台的倾覆力矩和复原力矩，分析抗倾安全因数，并校核桩腿强度。计算结果表明平台抗倾稳定性满足规范要求，可为自升式平台环境载荷计算和抗倾稳定性分析提供参考。     

NAPA软件在起重船完整稳性计算中的应用

本文以一条起重船的作业状态的完整稳性计算为例,介绍了用NAPA软件中的MACRO来求出风压倾侧力矩和最小倾覆力臂,并把它们应用到相应衡准中的方法。     

Prediction of capsizing probability for a ship with trapped water on deck

The authors have already examined a method for evaluating the capsizing probability of a ship in the dead ship condition based on a piecewise linear approximation of the restoring arm. Here, this method is extended to ships with trapped water on deck. This is because the stability of ships having a relatively high bulwark, such as fishing vessels, could substantially deteriorate due to trapped water on deck. First, the mean amount of water trapped on deck was estimated as a function of the significant wave height and the mean wave period using a model experiment in irregular beam seas. Second, the restoring arm curve with trapped water on deck was calculated hydrostatically and then approximated with a piecewise linear curve. Third, the roll angle was estimated using a nonlinear and uncoupled equation of absolute roll angle under stochastic wave and wind exciting moments. The short-term and long-term capsizing probabilities were calculated for a fishing vessel operating off Kyushu. Numerical results quantitatively demonstrated that the effect on capsizing probability of trapped water on deck cannot be ignored when accurately evaluating the stability of fishing vessels.     

Methodology for the simulation of a ship's damage stability and ultimate strength conditions following a collision

This paper presents a methodology called SHARC developed for the simulation and analysis of a ship's damage stability and ULS conditions following a collision. SHARC combines three types of methods: advanced nonlinear finite element simulations that simulate the collision scenario, a dynamic damage stability simulation tool called SIMCAP, and a modified Smith method for the ULS analysis of a collision-damaged ship structure. The novelty of the presented methodology is that it can be used for real-time simulations to study the ingress of water through the damage opening of a struck vessel and how it affects the ship's stability, structural integrity (ULS) and survival capability against, e.g., capsizing. The results for an intact and a damaged oil tanker under noncorroded and corroded structural conditions and various sea states are presented to demonstrate the features of SHARC.     

风帆助航船非线性横摇倾覆概率研究

风帆助航技术为船舶利用可再生能源提供了途径,但随着横摇的幅度加大,导致船舶倾覆的概率也增大。文章采用数值分析的方法对风帆助航船舶的非线性横摇方程进行分析求解,对有风帆助航与无风帆助航船在风浪作用下产生倾覆的概率作了比较,为采用风帆助航技术的远洋船舶在符合初稳性和气象衡准稳性条件下的横摇倾覆防范提供研究思路。     

船舶在随机海浪上的稳性和倾覆研究进展

介绍了研究船舶在随机海浪上的稳性的三种方法:时域仿真、迈尔尼科夫法和首次穿越理论。对国内外运用这些方法研究船舶稳性的已有工作和最新进展做了综述。