MARPOL73/78附则IV的历届修正及其相关PSC检查

文中对MARPOL73／78附则1V的历届修正及最新发展进行了介绍,其中对于2007年2月2日对我国生效的经MEPC．115（51）决议修订的MARPOL73／78附则IV的主要修订进行了详细分析,提出了我们在PSC检查中对生活污水处理装置的公约符合性检查要点,     

《73/78防污公约》附则I和附则II 2004年修正案的生效对策研究

《经1978年议定书修订的1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约》(《73/78防污公约》)的附则I-防止油污规则和附则II-控制散装有毒液体物质污染规则的2004年修正案将于2007年1月1日生效,如何更好的履约是我们的当务之急,本文就新修正案的内容及对策进行解析和探讨。     

《73/78防污公约》附则Ⅰ和附则Ⅱ 2004年修正案的生效对策研究

《经1978年议定书修订的1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约》（《73／78防污公约》）的附则Ⅰ-防止油污规则和附则Ⅱ-控制散装有毒液体物质污染规则的2004年修正案将于2007年1月1日生效，如何更好的履约是我们的当务之急。本文就新修正案的内容及对策进行解析和探讨。     

水面舰艇固体垃圾处理对策

随着各国越来越重视保护海洋环境,船舶垃圾处理问题也越来越受到人们的关注。本文首先介绍船舶特殊区域内外固体垃圾处理的排放要求,以及目前船舶固体垃圾的几种主要处理技术,再针对水面舰艇固体垃圾分类、固定垃圾处理设备配置以及处理方式等方面进行详细分析,并提出国内水面舰艇固体垃圾处理的相应对策,最后给出防治结合的处理建议。     

The status of coastal zone management in South Africa

Abstract

In this article, an overview of the status of coastal zone management (CZM) in South Africa is presented. Firstly, it provides background to the development of various initiatives to promote sustainable use of coastal resources within the context of sociopolitical changes in South Africa. Thereafter, it examines the progress made with respect to key attributes underpinning most CZM programs. Finally, it identifies obstacles to achieving effective CZM in South Africa and makes recommendations to address these shortcomings. The review reveals that whilst considerable progress has been made in certain areas of program development, such as resource conservation and pollution control, there are several gaps and inadequacies within existing efforts. These include the absence of a clear policy to guide efforts, lack of coordination amongst government departments involved in CZM, as well as inadequacies in our legal and administrative system. The promulgation of a Coastal Zone Management Act and the establishment of a Coastal Unit charged with the coordination and review of all activities impinging on coastal resources are amongst the recommendations made.     

Response of coastal zone management programs to sea level rise in the United States

Abstract

State coastal zone management programs are responding to the potential impacts of accelerated sea level rise through a wide range of activities and policies. This article provides a brief overview of the Coastal Zone Management Act and other federal laws that provide the basis for coastal state regulatory activities. It surveys the level of response to sea level rise by state coastal management programs in 24 marines coastal states, from formal recognition to implementation of policies addressing the issue. Individual state CZMP responses and policies that have been implemented or proposed are categorized. The adaptation of sea level rise to ongoing institutional objectives is discussed and policy constraints and trends are summarized.     

Integrating visual management into the coastal zone planning process: The Massachusetts experience

Abstract

This paper concerns the limitations on integrating visual management into the coastal zone planning process as exemplified by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, a state with a strong tradition of “home rule”; and a CZM implementation program based on a “networking”; of existing state authorities. The implications of the Massachusetts experience are that: (a) management of esthetic resources at the state level continues to be much less of a priority than management of ecological resources such as wetlands or floodplains; (b) visual management has yet to engender a strongly supportive constituency beyond that concerned with historic preservation; (c) project review focusing on visual impacts may be a more appropriate activity for local rather than state government; and (d) the technical aspects of visual management or impact assessment are far more advanced than their political acceptability. Political realities, together with the decision that implementation of the program should be based on a networking of existing authorities, thus determined the degree to which visual management could be incorporated into the state's program. As a result, the program's principal instruments of visual management became a strengthening of existing programs such as Wild and Scenic Rivers, reliance on wetland protection statutes to indirectly protect natural scenic values, and the use of the federal consistency provisions of the Coastal Zone Management Act to foster focused growth patterns through provision of publicly funded infrastructures. Esthetically oriented project review, with the exception of potential impacts on historic sites, was left to the discretion of local government, and a technical assistance program was created to provide funding or professional skills to communities interested in developing their own esthetic controls or design review processes. Maine, Rhode Island, and other New England states have followed a similar course.     

MARPOL 73/78公约附则V1关于燃油硫含量标准的修订及对我国影响分析

文中介绍了全球船用燃油硫含量现状、IMO对船用燃油硫含量标准的最新修订进程以及MEPC57最终形成的硫含量新标准,结合我国相关行业现状,分析了新标准的实施对我国可能产生的影响,并提出了针对性的应对措施。     

船舶液压系统液压油固体颗粒的污染与控制

对船舶液压系统液压油固体颗粒污染的种类、产生的途径及其危害进行了阐述,并提出了控制液压油污染的具体方法。     

The use of digital filter initialization to diagnose the mesoscale circulation and vertical motion in the California coastal transition zone

A dynamical method of initializing the primitive equations is tested and used to diagnose the three-dimensional circulation associated with jets and eddies as found in the California coastal transition zone (CTZ). The initialization method, referred to as digital filter initialization (DFI), was recently developed by [Monthly Weather Review 120 (1992) 1019] for use in an intermittent data assimilation system in the atmosphere. The ability of DFI to recover the mesoscale ageostrophic circulation associated with finite amplitude jets and eddies in the ocean is first demonstrated using control data produced by simulations with a primitive equation model. The DFI method is then applied to synoptic hydrographic data collected during several California CTZ surveys in the summer of 1988. The diagnostic results indicate the existence of jets, eddies, and filaments in the CTZ domain with maximum horizontal currents of the order of 0.6 m/s at the surface. Currents associated with such jets and filaments are coherent to a depth of over 500 m. The surface currents associated with a prominent cool filament are generally confluent, and weakly convergent on average, along the 270 km offshore extent of the filament. Meanders in the jet display convergence and downwelling upstream of pressure troughs and divergence and upwelling downstream of the troughs. Maximum vertical velocities at 100 m are of the order of 10 m/day. This result is consistent with independent estimates of subduction rates made from biological studies in this and similar coastal filaments in the CTZ program.     

海事危防管理在港口经营监管领域面临的问题

文中立足行政法规的实施,分析了海事危防管理在港口经营领域面临的疑难问题,提出了解决思路和管理建议。