Watergate village: A case study of a permit application for a marina submitted to the U.S. army corps of engineers

Abstract

Abstract This case study, prepared by an interdisciplinary group of several scientists and planners and a lawyer, reviews the handling by the decision process of an application to the Baltimore District Corps of Engineers for permission to construct a marina. The study determines that while the project in question may not present a significant environmental threat, the project when considered in conjunction with other pending projects on the same subtributary would contribute to boat congestion and degradation of water quality. Changes in the decision process are suggested which would facilitate consideration of the cumulative impacts from a series of coastal alterations.     

The U.S.S.R.: Ocean Use and Ocean Law

This paper is an attempt to illustrate the stance of the Soviet Union in the law of the sea debate in the light of Soviet ocean activities. The paper has two sections. First, it examines the range of Soviet ocean activities. The considerable extent of Soviet ocean use underscores the importance which the Soviet Union places on the law of the sea debate and its consequent active participation in the process of international negotiation. Second, the paper considers the published record of the Soviet Union in the United Nations seabed debate. In seven years of debate the United Nations General Assembly and the Ad Hoc and permanent Seabed Commities and sub-Commities have generated a considerable body of documantation reflecting the public policy of over one hundred States concerning the law of the sea. Soviet expressions of opinion alone cover more than five hundred pages of documentation. Specific Soviet positions can be considered within two ganeral preferences: the protection of traditional freedoms of the high seas and opposition to ocean control by either coastal States or by an independent international ocean authority. The paper shows how these preferences and the specific Soviet negotiating positions defend and promote the maritime interests of the Soviet Union.     

Round-the-world service: The rise of Evergreen and the fall of U.S. Lines

In the mid-1980s two very large steamship lines, Evergreen Marine Corporation and United States Lines, inargurated round-the-world (RTW) container ship service. The concept of tying together major transoceanic trade routes in a complete global network is feasible provided that the cargo volumes and freight revenues are sustainable. United States Lines employed enormous new container ships in their one-directional RTW service while Evergreen used frequent sailings of somewhat smaller vessels both eastbound and westbound in their RTW service. United States Lines, unfortunately, was unable to obtain sufficiently high load factors or enjoy sufficient economies of scale to survive whereas Evergreen, emphasizing their high quality service, not only survived but have continued their successful operations to this day.     

U.S. ports: evolution and structure

U.S. ports are facing competitive pressures similar to those being felt by ports elsewhere around the world. Despite the public enterprise nature of U.S. port authorities, they tend to function as 'business-like' organizations. This enterprise-like approach stems from their evolution from being primarily private railroad ports in the 19th century to public competitive port authorities in the 20th century. This paper provides an overview of the evolution of U.S. ports and the ongoing effect of earlier legislation, the varied resulting institutional structures, and current national and regional level issues. Although there is no national ports plan or strategy in the U.S.A. (the Constitution limits federal actions in the ports field) the federal government is involved in providing dredging services through the Army Corps of Engineers, navigation aids via the Coast Guard and other minor port-related services. U.S. ports typically come under the jurisdiction of state or local governments. Increasing competition coupled with other port issues (growing financial constraints, difficulties in obtaining dredging permits, environmental concerns and restricted landside access) is forcing some U.S. ports to enter into strategic alliances with others at a regional level.     

美国1000hp高温超导电动机

1000hp高温超导电动机的开发具有重大意义,其开发成功是高温超导电动机商业化的里程碑。本文介绍该电动机的构成和关键技术,介绍了主要技术参数。并对该电动机的实验情况做出说明。还简要介绍了高温超导电动机的优点,回顾了1000hp高温超导电动机的开发背景。     

中美之间的集装箱运输

2003年7月出版的英文“亚洲海运“杂志指出,以往,每当美国的国内经济状况低迷甚至恶化的时候,泛太平洋航线的集装箱运输就会出现明显的萧条,但是这种现象已经成为过去.     

美国航运系统全景透视

美国航运系统全称为MarineTrans-portationSystem,简称MTS。是为服务于水上客货运输和军事运输,由航道、港口和相关设施组成的一个网络,是美国运输系统的一个重要组成部分。它是美国水路与陆路运输的联接和世界联系的桥梁。涵盖水路运输、水陆联运等与水路相关的客货运输方式,涉及到航道、港口和水陆联运码头等航运设施。覆盖了美国的25000英里航道;192个地点的238个闸门;五大湖;圣罗伦斯海道;超过3700个的航运设施;无数的娱乐码头;超过174000英里的连接大陆48个州以及加拿大和墨西哥的铁路;超过45000英里的高速公路,以及超过115000英里…     

美国海军潜艇潜望镜史(续完)

对二战后的潜望镜、潜望镜制造商和海军声纳实验室在潜望镜方面所起的作用等做了深入论述。     

美国海军潜艇潜望镜史(待续)

回顾美国潜艇部队建立初期围绕潜望镜发展人们所做的各种探索,叙述美国海军所使用的第一根潜望镜和美国制造的第一根潜望镜情况,对美国潜艇潜望镜的创始人科尔摩根及其公司的发展过程作了较为详细的介绍。同时叙述早期潜望镜隐身术的设想和有关德国战利品潜艇的奇闻轶事。     

美国海军潜艇潜望镜史(续二)

对博士伦公司在美国两次世界大战期间的作用、美国海军军方和科尔摩根光学公司围绕潜望镜的发展所采取的措施、特别是对美国海军建造和修理局的潜望镜标准化初衷做了扼要论述。对二战期间的2型潜望镜和4型潜望镜一些情况作了回顾。     

美海军陆上核动力设施辐射安全控制

陆上模式堆、海军核动力实验室等陆上核动力设施在美国海军舰艇核动力技术的发展中发挥了至关重要的作用。美国海军极其重视其陆上核动力设施的安全,尤其是人员辐射安全,并形成了一套成熟的人员辐射安全控制方法,值得学习和借鉴。     

美海军陆上核动力设施辐射安全控制

陆上模式堆、海军核动力实验室等陆上核动力设施在美国海军舰艇核动力技术的发展中发挥了至关重要的作用。美国海军极其重视其陆上核动力设施的安全,尤其是人员辐射安全,并形成了一套成熟的人员辐射安全控制方法,值得学习和借鉴。     

美国海岸警卫队简介

一、美国海岸警卫队的历史沿革美国海岸警卫队(U．S．Coast Guard)在美国五大武装力量中是唯一拥有执法权力的队伍,也是唯一不受国防部(Department of Defense)节制的一支队伍。美国海岸警卫队的历史渊源比较复杂,它是由五个不同的联邦机构逐渐合并而成的,而且主管部门也几经变更。     

美国路易斯安那州主要港口介绍

主要介绍美国路易斯安那州主要港口管理状况。     

The U.S. national marine sanctuary program: An analysis of the program's implementation and current issues

Abstract

The U.S. National Marine Sanctuary Program was established in 1972 by Title III of the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (16 U.S.C. §1431 et seq.). In this article, we discuss the development of the sanctuary concept, and the original intent of Congress, and analyze how it was applied by the sanctuary program. Differences in interpretation of the program's purpose are examined, including discussion of the multiple‐use management concept, an important but controversial management technique used in the sanctuaries. The continuing efforts by Congress and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to clarify the program's purpose are investigated. The program's administrative history is explained and the current sanctuaries and active candidates are briefly described. In light of the 1988 reauthorization of the Marine Sanctuary Act, the current issues facing the program are analyzed. Finally, we draw conclusions and make recommendations for the program's future.     

美国海军GCCS-M及其发展

作为美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络，海军全球指挥控制系统(GCCS-M)提供C^4I能力和辅助指挥官制定作战决策。GCCS-M为海军部队建立和维护通用作战图(00P)，并与联合部队共享作战空间感知。从顶层体系结构的观点出发，综述GCCS-M计划发展概貌。     

从密苏里到纳坦兹——美国全球打击能力的发展

最近一段时间,有关美国和以色列是否会对伊朗动武的猜测充斥着许多媒体。大多数军事专家认为,如果以色列充当美国的打手对伊动武,那么最可能的打击方式将是使用F-15I和F-16I战斗机携带精确制导武器对伊朗进行突然打击。然而,如果美国亲自上阵打击伊朗,又会使用何种作战方式呢？以色列专家诺曼·奥菲尔认为,如果美国直接对伊朗动武,将会使用一种全新的作战手段——全球打击。     

美国东海岸主要集装箱港口

介绍美国东海岸主要集装箱港口的管理体制、运营方式、码头设施及集装箱运输等情况。     

聚焦美国、日本经济

美国经济:复苏强劲但道路崎岖 总体而言,2003年的美国经济可以用两句话加以概括:第一句话是走出衰退进入复苏;第二句话是复苏的可持续性尚存疑问.     

美航母编队信息防御体系研究

论文介绍了美航母编队信息防御体系的建设需求、薄弱环节及体系层次,从编队在信息防御作战时担负的仟务出发,研究分析了编队指挥中心在作战中的作用,研究内容对我军军事装备发展具有一定的现实意义。