Research on Motion Estimation Algorithm of Star Point Based on Nonlinear Gaussian Fitting

The energy distribution model of motion blurred star point is analyzed. The distribution of the star point approximates to a two-dimensional (2D) Gaussian distribution under degeneration. Two multi-parameter nonlinear Gaussian fitting methods (GFMs) are proposed, and the relationship between fitting parameters and motion blur parameters is analyzed. Estimation of the parameters of motion blur by fitting parameters is calculated to realize the error compensation of the motion blur. The simulation results show the effectiveness and accuracy.     

血管支架筋宽误差分析及激光加工工艺优化

为解决血管支架激光切割中普遍存在筋宽不均匀的问题，通过激光切割工艺试验及对管材的运动分析，得出影响筋宽的主要因素包括系统误差造成的管材切割点切向速度变化和激光离焦量．根据研究结果，优化了激光切割参数．限制管材回转偏心在0．030mm以下，并设置激光离焦量为-0．05mm（设备显示值），筋宽变化幅度控制在0．010mm以内，满足设计要求．     

基于AHP的多极模糊公路交通现代化综合评价研究

针对指标体系的多层次性,应用模糊识别原理,结合层次分析确定权重的方法,建立了基于AHP的公路交通现代化多级模糊综合评价模型,并用模型对江汉平原公路交通现代化水平进行了评价,评价结果与现状基本吻合,表明用层次分析法确定权重的多级模糊模型对于各地区交通现代化水平评价具有普遍适用性.     

汽车防追尾的车辆识别系统设计

详细介绍了一种基于汽车防追尾的图像处理识别系统.该系统由摄像机(CCD)、图像采集处理模块和车辆识别系统组成.由CCD摄取的图像,经视频解码器处理后再传给车辆识别系统进行图像的车辆识别判断.     

Eye Robotic System for Vitreoretinal Surgery

Micro incision vitrectomy system (MIVS) is considered to be one of the most difficult tasks of eye surgery,due to its requirements of high accuracy and delicate operation under blurred vision environment.There-fore,robot-assisted ophthalmic surgery is a potential and efficient solution.Based on that consideration,a novel master-slave system for vitreoretinal surgery is realized.A 4-DOF remote center of motion (RCM) mechanism with a novel linear stage and end-effector is designed and the master-slave control system is implemented.The forward and inverse kinematics are analyzed for the controller implementation.Then,algorithms with motion scaling are also integrated into the control architecture for the purpose to enhance the surgeon's operation accu-racy.Finally,experiments on an eye model are conducted.The results show that the eye robotic system can fulfill surgeon's motion following and simulate operation of vitrectomy,demonstrating the feasibility of this system.     

基于模型的无标识人体运动捕捉研究

无标识人体运动捕捉因其广泛的应用价值和学术价值一直是计算机视觉领域的研究热点.基于模型的无标识人体运动捕捉技术的研究目的,就是从单目或者多目摄像机图像中获得人体的运动姿态和人体模型的三维信息描述.本文从模型的构建、人体姿态估计和跟踪方法等几个方面分析了基于模型的运动捕捉的研究现状,最后阐述了该领域面临的难点问题及发展趋势.     

AN ANALYSIS OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERISTICS IN HUMAN KIDNEY WITH ULTRASONIC BACKSCATTERING

Theimagingofthemeanspacingofthescatter ersofbiologicalsofttissuesshowseveryindication ofbecominganeffectivemeanstodeterminethe characterizationofultrasonictissuesandclinical pathologicaldiagnosis.Uptonowtherearequitea fewmeansintroducedfortheestimationof…     

A Closed Form Solution to Segment 3D Motion Using Straight-line Optical Flow

A closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 3D motion models was proposed fromstraight-line optical flow. It introduced the multibody line optical flow constraint (MLOFC), a polynomial equation relating motion models and line parameters. The motion models can be obtained analytically as the derivative of the MLOFC at the corresponding line measurement, without knowing the motion model associated with that line. Experiments on real and synthetic sequences were also presented.     

Model-based gait representation via spatial point reconstruction

This paper proposed a novel model-based feature representation method to characterize human walking properties for individual recognition by gait. First, a new spatial point reconstruction approach is proposed to recover the coordinates of 3D points from 2D images by the related coordinate conversion factor (CCF). The images are captured by a monocular camera. Second, the human body is represented by a connected three-stick model. Then the parameters of the body model are recovered by the method of projective geometry using the related CCF. Finally, the gait feature composed of those parameters is defined, and it is proved by experiments that those features can partially avoid the influence of viewing angles between the optical axis of the camera and walking direction of the subject. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60675024)     

考虑弹性应变阈值的频率相关等效线性化方法

传统等效线性化方法由于原理简单、参数获取方便而广泛应用于工程场地非线性地震反应分析中．实际工程应用中发现,这种方法由于对各个频率分量采用了等效剪应变水平,使得地面最大峰值加速度和高频段计算结果明显偏低．若干实验表明,应变幅值对土的力学行为起着关键性作用,当应变低于弹性应变阈值时,土体处于线弹性状态,弹性应变阈值主要与土的塑性指数有关．本文在对各种频率相关等效线性化理论方法分析的基础上,结合弹性应变阈值理论,建立了考虑弹性应变阈值的频率相关等效线性化方法,运用本文方法对海口某实际场地进行了土层地震反应分析,对比了与传统等效线性化方法的差异;同时对不同覆盖层厚度遭遇不同地震动强度的地震动进行了计算分析．总结了不同覆盖层犀度下本文方法和传统等效线性化方法计算结果的差异及规律．     

Real-time follow-up head tracking in dynamic complex environments

In the modes of both object motion and camera motion, an enhanced Camshift algorithm, which is based on suppressing similar color features of background and on joint color probability density distribution image, is proposed to real-time track head in dynamic complex environment. The system consists of face detection module, head tracking module and camera control module. When tracking fails, a self-recovery mechanism is introduced. At first the Adaboost face detector based on Haar-like features is implemented to find frontal faces, the false positive is filtered according to the skin color criterion, and the true face is used to initialize the tracking module. In hue saturation value (HSV) colorspace, the hue-saturation (H-S) histogram of face skin and the saturation-value (S-V) histogram of hair are built to produce the joint color probability density distribution image, and this is intended to realize the head tracking with arbitrary pose. During tracking, region of interest (ROI) is introduced, and the color probability density distribution of a specified background area outside the ROI is learned, similar color features in the head are suppressed according to the learning result. The background suppression step is intended to resolve the problem that the tracker maybe fails when the head is distracted by backgrounds having similar colors with the head. A closed loop control model based on speed regulation is applied to drive an active camera to center the head. Once tracking drift or failure is detected, the system stops tracking and returns to the face detection module. Our experimental results show that the presented system is well suitable for tracking head with arbitrary pose in dynamic complex environments, also the active camera can track moving head smoothly and stably. The system is computationally efficient and can run in real-time completely.     

2013年4月20日芦山地震最大加速度记录分析

2013年4月20日芦山地震是汶川地震后龙门山断裂带发生的又一次破坏性地震,中国数字强震动观测网络有100余台仪器触发并获得加速度记录.设置在四川省宝兴县防震减灾局的强震台(编号51BXD)在东西向获得了1.026g(-1 005.3gal)的峰值加速度记录,这是我国首次在自由地表获得峰值超过1g的记录,是我国强震动观测历史上的重要事件.经震后灾害调查,发现观测台站附近建筑物破坏并不严重,确定地震宏观烈度为Ⅶ度,这引起了社会的广泛关注与争议.通过现场考察,初步认定台站的特殊选址带来了局部地形影响,陡峭山坡放大了高频段地震动.还分析了宝兴县另外3个强震台站的观测环境,并采用全球新一代地震动预测方程进行对比分析,结果显示,该台在小于0.2 s范围内的反应谱放大明显.为了进一步说明台址受场地地形影响,对台站附近进行了背景噪声测试,采用水平/垂直谱比法计算了场地背景噪声的卓越周期、水平向放大系数,得出了随着地势由山脚向山坡上增高,场地卓越频率逐渐增大,且放大系数也随之增大的结论,这与51BXD强震动记录反应谱特征一致.最后,与汶川地震典型记录反应谱、抗震规范谱等进行对比,分析了51BXD强震动记录不同频段的特点;结合附近建筑物现场震后调查结果,初步解释了造成建筑物破坏较轻的原因,验证了局部地形影响是造成峰值加速度记录较大的主要原因.      

基于振动分析的轴承故障检测方法分析

由滚动轴承故障形式可知,振动是反映滚动轴承故障的最常见特征之一,它能够反映滚动轴承运行状态的信息。因此,在工程实际中倒频谱分析法、特征参数分析法和包络法是滚动轴承故障振动诊断的主要方法,对上述3类振动诊断方法及特点进行分析。     

基于热图时序特征和PNN的孔洞缺陷红外无损检测方法

利用热图时序特征和PNN,提出了一种以像素为单位,实现缺陷红外无损检测的新方法。该方法首先采用红外热像仪获取加热试件在降温过程中的红外时序热图;其次,提取时序热图中正常和异常区域的灰度值,建立不同区域的灰度值与时间的关系,进而获得相应的初始特征;再次,采用主成分分析方法对初始特征进行提取,获得时序特征;最后,以时序特征作为训练样本,构建概率神经网络,实现孔洞缺陷检测。实验结果表明,正常区和异常区识别率分别可达到95%和85%。     

A closed form solution to segment 3D motion using straight-line optical flow

A closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 3D motion models was proposed from straight-line optical flow. It introduced the multibody line optical flow constraint （MLOFC）, a polynomial equation relating motion models and line parameters. The motion models can be obtained analytically as the derivative of the MLOFC at the corresponding line measurement, without knowing the motion model associated with that line. Experiments on real and synthetic sequences were also presented.     

斜拉桥拉索风-雨致振动(Ⅱ):参数研究

为探讨斜拉桥拉索风-雨致振动的影响因素,基于修正驰振模型,利用空间模型测试的气动力系数,对斜拉桥拉索风-雨致振动的气动力参数、运动参数和结构参数进行了研究.气动力参数包括水路形状、风向角和索径等,运动参数有索的初始状态、水路运动等,结构参数为索的频率、阻尼和质量.研究表明,气动力参数和运动参数将影响拉索风-雨致振动的最大振幅响应,改变发生风-雨致振动的风速范围.     

Research of Springing and Whipping Influence on Ultra-Large Containerships’ Fatigue Analysis

Rules of Classification Societies all around the world have made changes on design wave loads’ value and fatigue influence factor modification due to the influence of springing and whipping on ultra-large containerships. The paper firstly introduced 3-D linear hydroelastic theory in frequency domain and 3-D nonlinear hydroelastic theory in time domain, considering large amplitude motion nonlinearity and slamming force due to the severe relative motion between ship hull and wave. Then the spectrum analysis method and time domain statistical analysis method were introduced, which can make fatigue analysis under a series of standard steps in frequency and time domain, respectively. Finally, discussions on the influence factor of springing and whipping on fatigue damages of 8500TEU and 10000TEU containerships with different loading states were made. The fatigue assessment of different position on the midship section was done on the basis of nominal stress. The fatigue damage due to whipping can be the same as the fatigue damage due to springing and even sometimes can be larger than the springing damage. Besides, some suggestions on calculating load case selection were made to minimize the quantity of work in frequency and time domain. Thus, tools for fatigue influence factor modification were provided to meet the demand of IACS-UR.     

激光参数对高强度不锈钢搭接焊接结构和断裂行为的影响

通过焊接和拉伸试验及微观组织分析,研究了焊接参数对高强度301L-HT板搭接非熔透激光焊接接头结构、断裂行为和力学性能的影响.结果表明：激光焊缝的硬度为HV215,δ铁素体比电阻点焊少,热影响区硬度更接近于母材;焊缝几何结构对激光参数敏感,熔深变化的规律性更明显,特定部位的熔宽与焊接参数耦合有关;板材厚度相同的焊接接头变形刚度接近,焊缝的几何结构决定最后的变形和断裂行为,焊接内板的弯曲变形角度比外板大,两板的弯曲角度差随熔深增加而减小;焊接板弯曲角度和焊接强度随焊缝尺寸同步升高;焊缝硬度低于母材和热影响区导致拉伸变形集中在很窄的区域,焊接接头的断裂位移都小于2mm.     

汶川地震桥梁易损性分析

为了评估汶川地区公路桥梁系统地震损失风险,基于汶川地震桥梁震害调查,建立了桥梁地震易损性统计模型.采用修正后的汶川地震衰减模型,对桥址处地震动参数PGA进行了估算.假设易损性函数为双参数对数正态分布函数,采用两种不同的统计方法并结合震害调查,运用极大似然法对参数进行估计,得到轻微破坏、中等破坏、严重破坏、完全损毁4种损伤状态对应的桥梁地震易损性曲线.依据桥梁类型和桥梁线形对全体桥梁样本进行分类,针对分类后的桥梁样本子集建立各自独立的地震易损性曲线.对统计结果进行拟合优度检验,结果显示显著性水平在10%以下,计算得到的易损性函数不能被拒绝.     

Application of support vector machine to ship steering

System identification is an effective way for modeling ship manoeuvring motion and ship manoeuvrability prediction. Support vector machine is proposed to identify the manoeuvring indices in four different response models of ship steering motion, including the first order linear, the first order nonlinear, the second order linear and the second order nonlinear models. Predictions of manoeuvres including trained samples by using the identified parameters are compared with the results of free-running model tests. It is discussed that the different four categories are consistent with each other both analytically and numerically. The generalization of the identified model is verified by predicting different untrained manoeuvres. The simulations and comparisons demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.