多体动力学仿真技术在液压伺服提前器开发中的应用

介绍了在Pro/Mechanism中建立液压伺服提前器多体动力学仿真模型的技术,并对仿真结果进行分析。结果表明,多体动力学仿真技术可以帮助工程技术人员提高产品的设计质量,降低开发成本,缩短开发周期。     

基于多体模型的汽车万向传动仿真研究

虚拟试验是利用虚拟现实技术进行的仿真试验。利用逆向重构技术,采用三维实体建模软件PRO／ENGINEER与机械系统动理学仿真分析软件ADAMS建立了汽车等速万向传动装置的虚拟样机模型;在不同的输入条件下对该万向传动系统进行了大量的运动学仿真。仿真结果与物理实验结果吻合较好,表明应用PRO/ENGINEER软件和ADAMS软件相结合的CAD／CAE分析系统能够对万向传动装置的运动状态进行有效地分析。其研究结果为虚拟试验技术在车辆工程中的实际应用提供了参考。具有一定的应用价值。     

客车操稳性模拟计算软件开发

客车操纵稳定性的研究对于旅客运输安全性、舒适性有重要意义。本文利用VC++平台开发了客车操纵稳定性模拟计算软件,并以某中型客车为例,对该软件的可行性进行了研究。     

Development and validation of a wear model for the analysis of the wheel profile evolution in railway vehicles

The numerical wheel wear prediction in railway applications is of great importance for different aspects, such as the safety against vehicle instability and derailment, the planning of wheelset maintenance interventions and the design of an optimal wheel profile from the wear point of view. For these reasons, this paper presents a complete model aimed at the evaluation of the wheel wear and the wheel profile evolution by means of dynamic simulations, organised in two parts which interact with each other mutually: a vehicle's dynamic model and a model for the wear estimation. The first is a 3D multibody model of a railway vehicle implemented in SIMPACK?, a commercial software for the analysis of mechanical systems, where the wheel–rail interaction is entrusted to a C/C++user routine external to SIMPACK, in which the global contact model is implemented. In this regard, the research on the contact points between the wheel and the rail is based on an innovative algorithm developed by the authors in previous works, while normal and tangential forces in the contact patches are calculated according to Hertz's theory and Kalker's global theory, respectively. Due to the numerical efficiency of the global contact model, the multibody vehicle and the contact model interact directly online during the dynamic simulations.

The second is the wear model, written in the MATLAB® environment, mainly based on an experimental relationship between the frictional power developed at the wheel–rail interface and the amount of material removed by wear. Starting from a few outputs of the multibody simulations (position of contact points, contact forces and rigid creepages), it evaluates the local variables, such as the contact pressures and local creepages, using a local contact model (Kalker's FASTSIM algorithm). These data are then passed to another subsystem which evaluates, by means of the considered experimental relationship, both the material to be removed and its distribution along the wheel profile, obtaining the correspondent worn wheel geometry.

The wheel wear evolution is reproduced by dividing the overall chosen mileage to be simulated in discrete spatial steps: at each step, the dynamic simulations are performed by means of the 3D multibody model keeping the wheel profile constant, while the wheel geometry is updated through the wear model only at the end of the discrete step. Thus, the two parts of the whole model work alternately until the completion of the whole established mileage. Clearly, the choice of an appropriate step length is one of the most important aspects of the procedure and it directly affects the result accuracy and the required computational time to complete the analysis.

The whole model has been validated using experimental data relative to tests performed with the ALn 501 ‘Minuetto’ vehicle in service on the Aosta–Pre Saint Didier track; this work has been carried out thanks to a collaboration with Trenitalia S.p.A and Rete Ferroviaria Italiana, which have provided the necessary technical data and experimental results.     

Improved calibration of simulation models in railway dynamics: application of a parameter identification process to the multi-body model of a TGV train

This paper aims at estimating the vehicle suspension parameters of a TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse) train from measurement data. A better knowledge of these parameters is required for virtual certification or condition monitoring applications. The estimation of the parameter values is performed by minimising a misfit function describing the distance between the measured and the simulated vehicle response. Due to the unsteady excitation from the real track irregularities and nonlinear effects in the vehicle behaviour, the misfit function is defined in the time domain using a least squares estimation. Then an optimisation algorithm is applied in order to find the best parameter values within the defined constraints. The complexity of the solution surface with many local minima requires the use of global optimisation methods. The results show that the model can be improved by this approach providing a response of the simulation model closer to the measurements.     

改善SBS聚合物改性沥青储存稳定性的措施

传统的SBS改性沥青是通过搅拌、剪切等物理方法将SBS均匀的分散于沥青中,SBS与沥青并没有发生明显的化学反应,仅仅是物理意义上的混溶。本文研究通过向SBS与沥青混合过程中加入化学助剂,使沥青与 SBS之间以及SBS之间形成网络结构,改善沥青与SBS之间的储存稳定性,提高改性沥青的使用性能。     

基于TruckSim的商用车操稳性能验证

为了在产品开发前端有效评估设计样车性能,识别性能风险点,提升产品开发效率,利用多体动力学软件TruckSim进行商用车操稳性能建模、仿真验证.首先遵循整车-子系统-零部件逐级建模思维分别完成整车、车身、转向、悬架、轮胎、动力总成、制动系统等模型建立,在此基础上,基于GB 6323试验方法对其进行稳态回转、低速回正、蛇形...     

The effect of spring pads in the secondary suspension of railway vehicles on bogie yaw resistance

This paper deals with properties of bogie yaw resistance of an electric locomotive with secondary suspension consisting of flexi-coil springs supplemented with tilting spring pads. Transversal stiffness of a sample of a spring/pad assembly was measured on a dynamic test stand of the University of Pardubice (Czech Republic) and the results were applied into a multi-body model of the locomotive created in the simulation tool ‘SJKV’. On the basis of the simulation results, a detailed analysis of the bogie yaw resistance was performed in order to explain the effect in dynamic behaviour of the locomotive when the moment against bogie rotation (and therefore the distribution of guiding forces on individual wheels, as well) is influenced with the vehicle speed in a certain curve. Results of this analysis show that the application of suspension elements with strongly directionally dependent transversal stiffness into the secondary suspension can just lead to a dependency of the bogie yaw resistance on cant deficiency, i.e. on the vehicle speed in curve. This fact has wide consequences on the vehicle dynamics (especially on the guiding behaviour of the vehicle in curves) and it also points out that the current method of evaluation of the bogie yaw resistance according to relevant standards, which is related with assessment of the quasistatic safety of a railway vehicle against derailment, is not objective enough.     

The effect of the inflation pressure of tyres on motorcycle weave stability: experiments and simulation

Increasing the stability of a motorcycle requires an understanding of the optimal conditions of the tyre. The inflation pressure is one of the main parameters that directly affects the tyre properties, which in turn influences motorcycle stability and safety. This paper focuses on the effect of the inflation pressure of the tested tyres on motorcycle weave stability. Experimental data are collected from tests carried out in straight running at constant speed. The data analysis is based on stochastic subspace identification methods. Simulations are performed using an advanced motorcycle multi-body code with parameters measured from the tested vehicle. Finally, the comparison between simulations and experimental tests is discussed. The research results show an agreement between experimental tests and simulations where weave stability increases with inflation pressure for the specified range of tyre pressure.     

半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计及整车稳定性分析

文章以半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计及整车稳定性分析为研究对象,首先对半挂牵引车牵引座工作原理进行了简单的介绍,随后对半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计优化进行了系统的探讨与分析,最后讨论了影响半挂牵引车整车稳定性因素,以供参考.     

浅谈结构健康监测系统在桥梁管养中的应用

分析了公路长大桥梁、特殊结构桥梁建设健康监测系统的必要性;阐述了做好桥梁管养工作要桥梁检测与健康监测相结合,优势互补;结合应用案例,介绍了健康监测系统的建设方案,以及其在大型桥梁管养中发挥的重要作用;展望了健康监测技术与BIM相结合的研究新方向。     

恩施凤凰大桥施工阶段稳定性分析

针对思施凤凰大桥各施工阶段的特点，建立有限元分析模型进行了稳定性分析。根据分析结果提出了施工过程中应注意的问题，并采取相应的措施以满足安全性要求。     

毛尔盖水电站库尾红岩滑坡稳定性分析与治理措施

针对毛尔盖水电站库尾移民安置点后缘红岩滑坡,分析其形成机理;在考虑天然、暴雨、地震工况条件下,以传递系数法分析红岩滑坡的稳定性,采用STAB2009程序对采取减载后红岩滑坡的稳定性进行了分析,并提出了红岩滑坡设计方案与治理措施。     

昔格达地层路堑边坡稳定性物元分析

结合西(西昌)攀(攀枝花)高速公路建设需要,通过对西攀高速公路沿线昔格达地层既有铁路、公路路堑边坡稳定性的调查研究,采用物元数理统计方法进行归纳分析,系统全面地总结出昔格达地层路堑边坡稳定性的影响因素,即坡高、坡度、坡体结构、含水率、植被覆盖率、岩石性质以及坡体内结构面产状与岩层产状,然后建立物元方程,得出各因素对边坡稳定性的影响程度,同时对昔格达地层路堑边坡按稳定性进行归类,共分稳定型、次稳定型、次不稳定型和不稳定型4种类型。通过系统论述昔格达地层边坡稳定性与边坡地形、地质条件的关系,得到了昔格达地层路堑边坡稳定性的理论判别依据和判别标志。     

针对行人保护头部仿真分析中雨刮臂的接触设置研究

利用计算机进行有限元仿真分析,在汽车行人保护性能开发过程中有着广泛的应用。对于行人保护建模来说,风挡玻璃区域应按照实际情况对玻璃进行准确建模,然而对于风挡玻璃与雨刮器采用以往的接触设置,雨刮臂与玻璃产生穿透现象。因此为了解决穿透问题,准确模拟出其实际运动关系,对于雨刮臂与风挡玻璃之间的接触设置研究是非常有必要的。     

瑞达水泥厂滑坡稳定性分析及治理措施

针对瑞达水泥厂滑坡工程实例,详细介绍了该滑坡的特征,对其成因进行了分析,对稳定性作出评价,并根据滑坡实际情况在滑坡后缘边坡部分采用预应力锚索、抗滑桩和锚杆挡墙,滑坡部分削坡卸载、局部分台,坡体上设置纵横截、排水沟,堰塞湖下游设置挡土坝等支挡工程进行综合治理,取得了很好的效果。     

高速公路扩建工程中新路填筑对老路影响的参数分析

道路扩建中加宽路堤的填筑将会改变原有路堤及地基的应力场和应变场,引起老路的附加差异变形。采用弹塑性有限元参数分析方法探讨了不同加宽路堤宽度、不同软土层厚度、不同的新老路堤刚度比时加宽路堤的填筑对老路变形规律的影响。计算结果表明:拓宽路堤的填筑将会引起老路不同位置的过大附加差异沉降,导致路面横坡比改变值超过路面结构的容许值,从而引起路面结构性破坏和路面服务性能的降低。因此,必须采用合适的软基处理方案对加宽部分软基进行处理。     

洞新高速公路岩溶路基处理工程实例

在分析总结国内外相关研究成果的基础上,基于洞新高速公路现场施工处治经验,开展现场变形预测分析,总结提出适用的溶洞路基施工处治技术,并采用有限元计算与理论分析相结合的方法,对加固效果进行分析。     

基于midas-GTS的盾构隧道施工上部电塔稳定性研究

为研究隧道建设过程对临近建筑物产生的影响.文中以琶洲支线隧道为例,运用三维数值分析软件midas-GTS建立足尺三维模型,分析公路隧道施工过程中电塔附近的地层变形和电塔塔基变形,得到施工过程中地层位移规律及电塔塔基的位移规律,进而分析在盾构施工中电塔的稳定性.结果表明,盾构施工对电塔的影响在规范要求内,引起的电塔塔基最...     

气压盘式制动器及在客车领域的应用

简要地对气压盘式制动器的基本结构、原理和主要技术参数进行了阐述,着重对盘式制动器与鼓式制动器的性能进行比较,突出了基制动性、散热性、可靠性、安全性等诸多方面明显优势,展示出这一新技术在客车领域的应用前景。