在用汽油车废气排放状况分析

从汽油车的废气检测数据着手,就在用汽油车的整体废气排放情况及改善方法进行探讨。从废气产生机理、油品质量、使用习惯、日常维护等多个方面分析车辆废气不合格的原因,并给出改善在用汽油车排放性能的解决方案。     

汽车发动机排气门辅助制动系统试验分析

文章介绍了排气门辅助制动系统的构造及其工作原理,通过平板式制动试验台试验与整车道路试验,验证了排气门辅助制动系统对汽车运行的安全性、经济性和驾乘舒适性都有着显著的提高。     

汽车整体式转向梯形机构仿真计算与优化

本文通过建立整体式转向梯形机构的简化的平面数学模型,确定了转向梯形的特性函数;通过推导外侧转向车轮的实际转角与转向梯形机构传动角的计算公式,建立了目标函数模型,确定了约束条件;通过对仿真结果进行分析,验证了优化设计结果的优点。     

公路隧道群洞口污染物扩散特性与窜流机制研究

With the increase in highway tunnel groups with multiple tunnel portals in close proximity, there has been a more and more prominent problem of pollutants gathering and cross-impact between tunnel portals. However, parameters in extant studies are of a narrow range and there is a lack of systematic analyses of the crossflow mechanism of tunnel pollutants. The study uses CFD simulation and scale model test to investigate the process of pollutant diffusion at the portals of highway tunnel group, and analyzes the flow field characteristics of pollutant diffusion and the changing pattern of crossflow ratio at the tunnel portals with 20~320 m spacing. The impact range of upstream jet and downstream suction are also taken into account, a pollutant crossflow model is constructed, and an empirical formula of crossflow ratio is obtained applicable for engineering calculation. The results show that: (1) The diffusion of tunnel pollutants is affected by the joint action of jet development at the upstream tunnel portal and suction at the downstream tunnel. The diffusion of upstream tunnel pollutants is in line with the 3D wall jet theory, and the wind speed, expansion range, and decay rate of pollutant concentration of each section at the portal section are similar and satisfy the standard for similarity in terms of distribution. The length of the downstream convergence section is short and the suction does not change the morphology of the upstream jet. (2) The crossflow of tunnel pollutants is affected by the joint action of the structural parameter L/D (tunnel portal spacing/tunnel hydraulic diameter) and the operational parameter vup/vdown (upstream and downstream wind speed ratio), both of which act independently of each other on the crossflow. As L/D increases, the crossflow ratio φs and the crossflow concentration ratio φc decrease together. When vup/vdown increases, φs first stays constant before decreasing gradually, while φc first increases before stabilizing. This pattern is not affected by the form of the tunnel section. (3) The empirical formula the study constructs for the crossflow ratio is in line with extant studies and has a wider scope of application. © 2023 Editorial By Modern Tunnelling Technology. All rights reserved.     

大型足球比赛专有车辆调度机制与模式研究

大型足球比赛由于具有复杂的交通需求,日常的城市公共交通系统难以满足其车辆交通需求,因此需要专有车辆进行调度来保障大型足球比赛的交通需求。本文通过对大型足球比赛专有车辆调度影响因素、调度成本、调度需求以及调度流程和内容的分析,提出了大型足球比赛专有车辆的动态调度的机制以及三种动态调度模式,从而为我国大型足球比赛专有车辆调度的优化提供了理论参考。     

论企业激励机制与员工归属感

文章结合中国铁路物资总公司实际,从薪金、福利、绩效和发展前景等物质激励方面,以及企业文化建设、与员工的有效沟通、转岗交流和家庭式关怀等精神激励方面,探讨了企业激励机制与员工归属感之间的关系。     

基于蛇形试验汽车操稳性主客观评价相关性研究

为实现汽车操纵稳定性主观评价客观化,以实车蛇行试验为例,研究汽车操稳性主观得分与客观测量数据之间的关系,建立相关性"最优"模型。结果表明,在小样本情况下,主观评价得分分别与平均转向盘转角无线性相关关系,与平均横摆角速度正线性相关关系,与平均车身侧倾角、平均侧向加速度负线性相关关系;平均横摆角速度对主观评价得分影响最显著,平均侧向加速次之,平均车身侧倾角最小。     

大中型悬索管道跨越结构清管动力响应分析

大中型管桥是油气输送管道系统中的关键部位，呈现高次超静定、高柔性的结构特点，清管过程中形成的积液将在管桥处产生强烈的冲击动载荷作用，破坏管桥结构的稳定性。考虑悬索管道跨越结构恒载产生的初始内力、拉索垂度等几何非线性因素，将塔架简化为变截面梁，建立了悬索管桥清管动力分析有限元模型。按照管桥积液流动具有的移动荷栽一时间历程的特性，采用荷载步施加移动载荷。结合实例分析了不同清管工况条件下悬索管桥跨越结构的振动位移、临界积液长度以及临界清管速度，从而为安全清管作业提供指导依据。     

搭一片无雨的天空——汽车维修救援网络建设的误区及对策

江苏96520、山东96596、山西96566、湖北96595、辽宁96122、广东96900、安徽96333,甘肃96779……这些省内统一的5位特服电话号码,牵动着许多省市的汽车维修救援网络,为交通乃至社会的安全运行搭建了一片无雨的天空.     

Vehicle inspection and maintenance,and air pollution in Mexico City

Information from the Mandatory Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) Program carried out in October 1996 and the first semester of 1998 provides a useful emission database for Mexico City. Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) exhaust emission levels were measured for at least a million private and public transportation vehicles. Analysis of this database leads us to conclude that this information can be used to test anti-pollutant policies, and is useful as a performance quality index for vehicle manufacturers. Some of the results of this analysis include: the finding of a typical exhaust emission distribution curve for each vehicle manufacturer, with differences for each brand and model for the same manufacturer, the fact that not all new vehicles pass the I/M test; and public transportation vehicles in Mexico City have almost useless catalytic converters.