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在山岭地区修建铁路,因受地形限制,往往几条铁路穿越同一山脉,线路并行需要大断面隧道通过,例如在建的兰渝高铁(双线)就和遂渝二线(单线)穿越同一座山,形成三线大跨隧道.与其他双线铁路隧道相比,三线隧道具有跨度大、高度变化相对较小(即矢跨比变小)、结构形状更加扁平等特点.文章简要介绍了兰渝复线铁路唯一的一座三线隧道——新作坊隧道的“双侧壁导洞法”的施工工艺和关键技术,研究分析了施工方案优化及施工效果. 相似文献
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米家沟隧道是位于新建铁路神木至延安北段上的一座单线隧道.该隧道由于围岩破碎、节理发育、水平基岩层裂隙水渗透性强,以及设计与施工等方面的原因,主体工程完工后,隧道出现渗漏水现象.文章在分析了渗漏水原因的基础上,详细地阐述了治理渗漏水所采用的材料及其施工方法,隧道达到了不漏、不滴、不渗的治理效果.该隧道的渗漏水治理措施可供其他隧道借鉴. 相似文献
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本文主要对双线铁路隧道施工技术和遇到软弱围岩挤压变形地段的施工技术问题进行总结,为今后隧道施工技术提供一些可借鉴的经验。 相似文献
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范家坪隧道为典型的由双线经喇叭口段过渡为两单线型式的大跨铁路隧道,为了提高施工效率、实现隧道两个掌子面同时掘进,施工中采用了喇叭口段由双线向单线反向施工方案,同时采取了可变式整体大模板液压台车台架配合小模板进行大跨段二次衬砌的施工技术。文章重点介绍了施工方案比选、施工步骤、施工效果。 相似文献
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文章基于盾构隧道统一土体移动模型基本假定,建立了隧道上浮作用下的两圆顶部相切土体移动模型;利用Melan公式计算得出了隧道上浮引起的土体变形(上浮力作用下的土体变形,再叠加土体损失引起的土体变形)二维解;应用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,结合在建南昌地铁1号线抚河桥区段工程,建立计算模型,对隧道上浮引起的土体变形进行了模拟计算。结果表明,推导的土体变形二维解与数值模拟结果比较吻合;越江隧道上浮引起的土体变形规律是河底表面呈"倒沉降槽"形,深层土体呈"双弓"形,且其幅度随距隧道轴线距离增大而减小。 相似文献
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震区的同震地表破裂位移是隧道产生剪切破坏和塌方的主要因素。文章系统地总结了前人关于震区同震地表破裂特征参数的统计经验关系,并对汶川地震期间的隧道震害进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:与隧道抗震设计直接相关的参数是地表破裂长度、最大同震破裂位移、平均同震破裂位移,地表破裂长度主要反映震区所产生的剪切位移的影响范围;在实际隧道抗震设计中,可以考虑采用平均同震破裂位移来估算地震发生时对地下结构的损害程度,同时应参考隧道与主要的深大断裂和附属断层的相对位置关系;而地下破裂长度、下倾破裂宽度和破裂面积可以用于估算一次地震影响范围,进而预估隧道可能遭受的地震灾害损失;发震断层附近的附属断层在地震时也会产生同震位移,并对地下结构和隧道产生破坏。 相似文献
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监控量测是隧道挪威法(NTM)施工的关键步骤,文中对西南铁路万军回双线隧道Ⅲ-Ⅳ类围岩开挖及喷射钢纤维混凝土段施工监控量测的运用作了较详细的论述。 相似文献
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本文介绍了朔黄双线铁路上的峪口一号隧道采用新奥法原理进行施工的情况,重点介绍洞口及洞身的开挖、支护措施,以及湿喷工艺,微振动爆破技术的应用,最后指出了软弱围岩大跨隧道施工的现状和存在的问题,提出了软弱围岩隧道安全快速施工的几点建议。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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《Transportation Research Part A: General》1991,25(6):407-418
The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda. 相似文献
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介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献
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天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本. 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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Joseph N. Prashker 《Transportation》1979,8(4):329-346
Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area. 相似文献