利用试验模态参数对轮胎包容特性的建模及试验验证

利用试验模态参数建立轮胎模型,计算了轮胎的静包容特性,计算结果与文献中所揭示的包容现象及变化规律有很好的定性一致。在此基础上对轮胎包容特性的建模进行了定量分析,包括模态阶数的截取和胎侧非线性的刚度。将计算结果与平板式轮胎试验台上进行的试验结果相比较,表明记入以上两方面考虑的因素下,计算结果与试验结果在各方面均很好吻合。定量分析的结果表明,不考虑胎侧非线性时,对轮胎垂直刚度的计算结果会远远高于试验结果。     

Prediction of tire natural frequency with consideration of the enveloping property

A lumped tire model was developed with consideration of the enveloping property in order to predict the natural tire frequency. Tire stiffness was classified into vertical, sidewall, and enveloping stiffnesses, and the tire characteristics were analyzed in detail experimentally and via finite element analysis. In addition, the effective masses of the tire tread and belt were extracted directly from design specifications taking into account the sizes and material properties of different rubber blocks. Using the design parameters of the tires, natural frequencies were calculated from the derived model and were compared with experimental results. Finally, based on good agreement with experimental results, sensitivity analysis was performed to verify the effect of tire stiffnesses on the natural frequencies.     

某款电动车体的设计及静态和模态有限元分析

随着计算机软硬件的发展,CAE技术日趋成熟,产品完成初步设计后,基于CAD模型进行产品性能的虚拟实验在企业中应用越来越广泛,本文以某款电动车体为研究对象,简单介绍了其设计和运用有限元法进行静态和模态分析过程。利用Hyperworks软件建立其有限元分析模型,然后导入Ansys进行后处理,得出静态和模态的相关结果,为改进设计提供依据。     

Sensitivity analysis of side-slip angle observer based on a tire model

We investigated the sensitivity of an observer based on a tire model using simulation in linear and nonlinear regions. In the linear region, we investigated the influence of vehicle speed by doing the same simulation at three speed levels. In the nonlinear region, the simulation condition was set such that the vehicle became unstable. In the linear region, steering input and cornering stiffness have a relatively large effect on the estimation error because these quantities determine tire side force. In the nonlinear region, the road surface's friction coefficient becomes a crucial factor. In both the regions, the observer is sensitive to yaw rate and longitudinal speed.     

Sensitivity analysis of side-slip angle observer based on a tire model

We investigated the sensitivity of an observer based on a tire model using simulation in linear and nonlinear regions. In the linear region, we investigated the influence of vehicle speed by doing the same simulation at three speed levels. In the nonlinear region, the simulation condition was set such that the vehicle became unstable. In the linear region, steering input and cornering stiffness have a relatively large effect on the estimation error because these quantities determine tire side force. In the nonlinear region, the road surface’s friction coefficient becomes a crucial factor. In both the regions, the observer is sensitive to yaw rate and longitudinal speed.     

赫姆霍兹共振器降噪法在轮胎降噪中的应用分析

建立带有横向花纹沟的轮胎滚动模型和单个横向花纹沟-空气耦合模型,利用赫姆霍兹共振器降噪法对花纹沟噪声进行降噪探索。分析结果表明在花纹沟旁添加不同结构尺寸的赫姆霍兹共振器结构可以达到降噪的目的。     

某圆形消声器模态及动力学有限元分析

针对某圆形消声器筒体与进气管接口处易发生断裂的问题,运用有限元的方法对消声器进行分析研究,并提出增加波纹管和支架及去掉支架上橡胶软垫的改进方案。对比改进前后的消声器模态分析和动力学分析结果。分析表明,改进措施是合理有效的,提高消声器的工作可靠性。     

Finite-element model calibration of a railway vehicle based on experimental modal parameters

This article describes the experimental calibration of a three-dimensional numerical model of an Alfa Pendular train vehicle based on modal parameters. The dynamic tests of the carbody and bogie of the vehicle allowed the determination of the frequencies and modal configurations of 13 vibration modes, by applying the data-driven stochastic subspace identification method. In addition, a dynamic characterisation test of the passenger-seat system was also conducted. The calibration of the model was performed using a submodelling/multistep approach involving two phases, the first one focused on the calibration of the model of the bogie under test conditions and the second one focused on the calibration of the complete model of the vehicle. The calibration was performed through an iterative method based on a genetic algorithm and allowed to obtain optimal values of 17 parameters of the numerical model. For the pairing of the vibration modes, real and complex, a recent technique was used based on the calculation of the modal strain energy. The stability of a significant number of parameters considering different initial populations demonstrated the robustness of the algorithm. The comparison of experimental and numerical responses before and after calibration revealed significant improvements in the numerical model and a very good correlation between the responses obtained with the calibrated model and the experimental responses.     

重型商用车汽车轮胎花纹对整车性能的影响

汽车轮胎是汽车的行驶系统的重要组成部分,对汽车保持正常的行驶起着重要的作用.除了承载着全车重量,传递驱动转矩外,车轮还还起着减震和缓冲,转向和制动的作用.轮胎对汽车的驾驶性、通过性、舒适性和安全性都有着直接的影响.文中从各轮胎花纹的性能,轮胎性能对整车性能的影响和分轮位配置花纹的优势,为整车提供更经济,安全,可靠的轮胎花纹的匹配方法.     

轮胎动态模型的阻尼和对滚动阻力及动态响应影响的分析

在综合了一些文献研究结果的基础上,基于轮胎模态参数模型,给出了不同阻尼环节对滚动阻力及轮胎以不同速度滚越障碍物的动态响应的模拟结果,并部分地与试验结果进行对比,说明具有结构阻尼环节的轮胎模型,对于两者的模拟均给出了更好的定量结果。     

客车轮胎建模和对侧倾稳定性的影响研究

客车轮胎与客车整车的侧倾稳定性有密切联系,ADAMS是典型的动力学虚拟样机仿真软件。介绍了在ADAMS中建立非线性轮胎的方法,在ADAMS中建立客车整车模型,通过改变整车模型中轮胎的刚度和阻尼,研究客车轮胎对整车侧倾稳定性的影响,从而为设计出符合性能要求的客车轮胎提供一定的理论依据。     

汽车原地转向方向盘转向特性试验及数据分析

本论文研究不同类型的汽车在在水泥路、泥土路、石子路三种路面上,不同轮胎气压下的原地转向方向盘转向特性。通过对试验数据进行整理和分析、曲线拟合,求得试验车的方向盘力矩与方向盘转角的关系式,得出了汽车原地转向时方向盘力和力矩的平均值。最终得出不同汽车在相同条件下和相同车在不同条件下的汽车原地转向方向盘转向特性。     

某型号电动汽车车架的有限元建模及模态分析

针对某型号电动车的车架拓扑结构,首先利用UG建立其3D模型;然后导入Hypermesh建立以壳单元为基本单元的车架有限元分析模型;最后在ANSYS中计算出该车架的模态特性,得到了该车架自由状态下的十二阶频率。为车架响应提供了重要的模态参数,同时也为车架拓扑结构的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

前轮定位参数与轮胎特性对前轮摆振影响的研究

前轮定位参数对前轮摆振的影响是极其复杂的,它不仅影响了前轮的几何特性,并且对摆振系统的运动,约束与受力状况均产生重要影响。本文建立了包括全部前轮定位参数的前轮摆振数学模型;并在轮胎试验的基础上,比较系统、全面地研究了前轮定位参数对前轮摆振的影响规律。本文还研究了轮胎蛇形运动频率对汽车动力学摆振的影响。     

混凝土泵车结构应力场分析与试验研究

建立了以板单元为基本单元的泵车有限元分析模型,利用MSC/NASTRAN软件对其进行了静强度分析,并进行了测试试验.计算结果与试验数据相吻合,验证了计算的正确性.找出了臂架过早出现裂纹的原因,并给出了结构改造的方法.     

氧传感器性能参数微机检测系统的研制

介绍了一种氧传感器性能参数自动检测系统。该系统由微机控制,对氧传感器进行实时数据采集、处理和显示,自动打印输出特性曲线和主要性能参数指标。     

XQ6103YH2型旅游客车动静态特性分析

为了给XQ6103YH2型旅游客车的设计及后续结构改进提供理沧依据,建立了以梁单元为基本单元的车身骨架有附元分析模型,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对其进行了静态、模态分析及随机振动分析。     

Dynamics of the railway track and the underlying soil: the boundary-element solution, theoretical results and their experimental verification

A combined finite-element boundary-element method is presented in detail to calculate the dynamic interaction of the railway track and the underlying soil. A number of results are shown for ballasted and slab track, demonstrating the influence of the stiffness of the soil and the rail pads on the vertical compliance of the track. The compliance of the track is combined with a simple model of the vehicle giving the transfer function of vehicle-track interaction. An experimental verification of the theoretical results is achieved by harmonic and impulse excitation with and without static (train-) load and by combined measurements of train-track-soil interaction. A clear vehicle-track resonance is found for the slab track with elastic rail pads and for higher frequencies at highspeed traffic, the dynamic axle loads due to sleeper passage are reduced.     

Dynamics of the railway track and the underlying soil: the boundary-element solution,theoretical results and their experimental verification

A combined finite-element boundary-element method is presented in detail to calculate the dynamic interaction of the railway track and the underlying soil. A number of results are shown for ballasted and slab track, demonstrating the influence of the stiffness of the soil and the rail pads on the vertical compliance of the track. The compliance of the track is combined with a simple model of the vehicle giving the transfer function of vehicle–track interaction. An experimental verification of the theoretical results is achieved by harmonic and impulse excitation with and without static (train-) load and by combined measurements of train–track–soil interaction. A clear vehicle–track resonance is found for the slab track with elastic rail pads and for higher frequencies at highspeed traffic, the dynamic axle loads due to sleeper passage are reduced.