Application of Sensitivity Methods to Analysis and Synthesis of Vehicle Dynamic Systems

The development and application of sensitivity methods for determining the effects of parameter changes on the response of vehicle dynamic systems is presented. The procedures shown can be used to enhance the analysis and synthesis processes of virtually any road or rail vehicle system regardless of its complexity. The parametric sensitivity of vehicle models in time domain, steady state models and vehicle models in frequency domain can be investigated using different types of sensitivity functions, both dimensional and dimensionless including first order standard, percentage, logarithmic, second order standard, and logarithmic and percentage sensitivity measures. These sensitivity functions and measures are determined as functions of partial derivatives of system variables taken with respect to system parameters. In the case of sensitivity functions in the frequency domain the variable values are computed as either the magnitude or phase angle of a complex element of the transfer function matrix. The methods presented enable to determine the influence of all system primary (constant) and secondary (non-constant) parameters on system primary and secondary variables. The primary variables are state variables or elements of the transfer function matrix and the secondary variables may be any functions of primary variables and system parameters. Typical secondary system parameters which can be examined include initial conditions, time variant coefficients, natural frequencies, loads, and typical secondary variables are forces, weight transfers, stability factors and energy components. The analysis of sensitivity results obtained for three vehicle handling models in both linear and nonlinear regimes of vehicle performance and utilizing various types of sensitivity functions is also presented.     

灵敏度分析方法在车身轻量化中的应用

建立了某轿车车身有限元模型,由有限元分析求得车身固有频率与刚度值,并通过模态试验验证了该模型的合理性.根据车身构件的灵敏度分析结果选择设计变量,在提高车身刚度和动态性能的前提下,以轻量化为目标优化车身构件厚度,使车身总质鼍减轻了9.7%;刚度和固有频率也都有所提高.     

车辆动力传动系固有特性灵敏度分析及动力学修改

分析了车辆动力传动系无阻尼自由振动固有特性的灵敏度，特别给出了固有频率和振型对轴系刚度及惯量等物理参数的灵敏度。基于固有特性灵敏度分析，给出了动力学修改的计算方法。并以某重型车辆动力传动系为实例计算并分析了其固有频率和振型的灵敏度问题，在此基础上进行了动力学修改。     

动态模型全局灵敏度分析及其在汽车前桥结构中的应用

汽车结构中不可避免地存在各种不确定性,严重影响汽车的安全使用,灵敏度分析可以明晰不确定性的影响关系,为提高汽车安全性提供有效指导。针对动态模型,在引入模型变化不确定性的基础上,提出动态模型基于方差的全局灵敏度分析,并对方差贡献及灵敏度指标的涵义进行了详细论述,其与Sobol理论保持着较好的一致性,且计算上仅增加了一维反映模型变化不确定性的变量。利用动态模型基于方差的全局灵敏度分析对汽车前桥强度问题进行了分析。     

汽车车架动特性分析及应用

应用大型结构分析软件ＳＡＰ５Ｐ，对某车架者了有限元动态分析和实验模态分析，通过分析所提供的信息，对某客货车在使用中发生的故障进行了诊断，提出了相应的改进措施，从而使该车具有更好的动态性能。     

车辆动力荷载分析

采用模态迭加法对复杂结构在多支座随机位移激励下的振动进行随机振动分析,以载重货车为计算对象,求得在不同车速和工况下车辆荷载的均方根值和超载概率,讨论动荷载的概率特征.     

车辆动力荷载分析

采用模态迭加法对复杂结构在多支座随机位移激励下的振动进行随机振动分析，以载重货车为计算对象，求得在不同车速和工况下车辆荷载的均方根值和超载概率，讨论动荷载的概率特征。     

汽车零部件时变可靠性及其灵敏度分析

推导了一种考虑初始参数不确定性的一维布朗运动方程,构建了载荷和结构参数时变的模型。运用材料S-N特性求得剩余强度分布,结合应力-强度干涉理论,提出了一种既考虑初始参数及强度不确定性又考虑实际使用过程中不确定性的可靠性及其灵敏度分析模型。在此基础上,研究了汽车零部件结构参数、强度、载荷、可靠度及其灵敏度随时间的变化规律。以某汽车驱动桥半轴为例,计算了时变条件下驱动桥半轴可靠度、失效率及可靠性灵敏度的变化规律。     

轮胎包容特性分析及其在汽车振动系统建模中的应用

本文分析了轮胎与路面的接触特点，将汽车承载系统简化为二自由度垂直振动系统，建立了同时考虑轮胎几何滤波效应与弹性滤波效应的弹性滚子接触模型。基于刚性滚子模型和弹性滚子模型，仿真出滚子包容后的有效路形。     

Dynamic Stability of Vehicle Systems via Poincaré Maps

Computer simulations of a driven vehicle are performed to assess and quantify the automobile stability. The analytical methodology is based on PoincarS maps and Floquet theory, which are commonly used to investigate the stability of periodic systems. The approach accommodates the study of the complex dynamics of vehicle locomotion under various configurations of the system. The proposed method does not require any knowledge regarding the inner structure of the vehicle model. Kinematic data is simply collected at the specific instants to conduct the analysis. It is found that this method has the potential for real time warning and control of vehicle instabilities.     

传动轴结构对某轻客NVH影响的研究分析

本文主要针对某轻型客车传动轴结构对整车NVH的影响进行分析研究,通过对传动轴长度等不够结构的匹配,并运用CAE对传动轴模态进行分析,通过改变传动轴模态以提升整车NVH性能。接合CAE分析对整车的对比试验检测,对传动轴结构对整车NVH的敏感度进行分析研究,最终确认满足NVH性能要求的传动轴结构及布置。     

车辆振动瞬态分析及动荷载

以装有平衡悬架和全悬浮驾驶室的三轴载重车为研究对象,建立受多点位移激励的多自由度车辆振动模型。采用数值模拟方法生成路面的随机激励时域函数,对车辆振动系统进行瞬态分析,求得车辆动荷载的最大瞬时值并与采用功率谱分析得到的结果进行比较。     

车辆振动瞬态分析及动荷载

以装有平衡悬架和全悬浮驾驶室的三轴载重车为研究对象,建立受多点位移激励的多自由度车辆振动模型. 采用数值模拟方法生成路面的随机激励时域函数,对车辆振动系统进行瞬态分析,求得车辆动荷载的最大瞬时值并与采用功率谱分析得到的结果进行比较.     

Sensitivity Analysis of Vehicle Design Attributes in Frequency Domain

This paper presents a procedure for determining the sensitivity matrices of a vehicle dynamic system in the frequency domain as derivatives of the transfer function matrix with respect to system parameters. First and second order logarithmic sensitivity functions which possess normalized coefficients have been introduced to enhance analysis. The sensitivity analysis of amplitude-frequency characteristics on changes of selected parameters of a 3 degree-of-freedom vehicle handling model has been performed. It has been demonstrated that the general sensitivity measure proposed can be used to determine the combined influence of system parameters divided into groups such as design, environmental, driver, kinematic, etc., on the multi-parameter system response, prior to determining their order of influence within the groups.     

轿车车身模态及扭转刚度灵敏度分析

本文以某轿车白车身为研究对象,建立有限元模型,采用优化软件OptiStmet,以车身结构件的板厚为设计变量,进行车身一阶扭转固有频率、车身扭转刚度对板厚的灵敏度分析,找出对车身动、静态特性影响较大的部件,据此确定车身结构的最优设计方案.该方法能够为车身结构动态、静态特性的改进、车身的轻量化和车身结构的优化设计提供重要依...     

Modeling and Analysis of Automotive Antilock Brake Systems Subject to Vehicle Payload Shifting

The steerability and stability of vehicles must be maintained during emergency stopping and evasive driving maneuvers on degraded road surfaces. The introduction of antilock brake and traction control systems (ABS/TCS) has expanded the envelope of safe vehicle operation for the majority of drivers. These mechatronic systems combine an electronic controller with wheel speed sensors, an electro-mechanical hydraulic brake actuator, and in some instances, engine intervention through the engine control unit, to regulate wheel slip. The development of ABS systems has traditionally depended on extensive in-vehicle testing, at cold weather proving grounds, which contribute to lengthy product development cycles. However, recent attention has been focused on the use of simulation and hardware-in-the-loop strategies to emulate test conditions in a controlled setting to shorten product design time and methodically address critical safety issues. In this paper, the effect of transient load shifting due to cargo movement on ABS performance in light-duty vehicles will be investigated. Analytical and empirical mathematical models are presented to describe the chassis, tire/road interface, wheel, brake modulator, and cargo dynamics. Two strategies, a model-free table lookup and model-based discrete nonlinear controller, are presented to regulate the ABS modulator's operation. These vehicle and controller dynamics have been integrated into a simulation tool to investigate the effect of transient weight transfers on the vehicle's overall stopping distance and time. Representative numerical results are presented and discussed to quantify the ABS systems' performance for various loading and operating conditions.     

计算机辅助汽车造型设计方法与应用

建立了计算机辅助汽车造型设计系统，采用矢量化软件和通用ＣＡＤ软件在工作站上进行汽车造型设计，具有较好的实用性，通用性，周期短，等特点。     

车辆轨迹数据的若干处理方法研究

从智能车路协同系统的概念出发,介绍了车路协同系统下的数据采集标准及轨迹数据特点,研究了轨迹数据处理的若干方法,包括车辆轨迹重构、交通参数提取、轨迹聚类等。     

子结构模态综合在汽车振动噪声分析的应用

介绍了子结构模态综合技术,并以整车振动分析子结构模态综合技术应用的实例,说明建立子结构模型及整车模型进行汽车结构振动分析的流程,此计算过程有效降低了求解规模和计算成本,并以采用和不采用子结构模态综合法的计算结果对比说明了该技术对缩减整车模型的适用性和准确性。