数学模型在现代汽车模具设计制造中的应用

对数学模型在现代汽车模具设计和加工中的应用进行了阐述,使读者对现代模具加工的过程和特点有初步的了解。     

A NARX damper model for virtual tuning of automotive suspension systems with high-frequency loading

A computationally efficient NARX-type neural network model is developed to characterise highly nonlinear frequency-dependent thermally sensitive hydraulic dampers for use in the virtual tuning of passive suspension systems with high-frequency loading. Three input variables are chosen to account for high-frequency kinematics and temperature variations arising from continuous vehicle operation over non-smooth surfaces such as stone-covered streets, rough or off-road conditions. Two additional input variables are chosen to represent tuneable valve parameters. To assist in the development of the NARX model, a highly accurate but computationally excessive physical damper model [originally proposed by S. Duym and K. Reybrouck, Physical characterization of non-linear shock absorber dynamics, Eur. J. Mech. Eng. M 43(4) (1998), pp. 181–188] is extended to allow for high-frequency input kinematics. Experimental verification of this extended version uses measured damper data obtained from an industrial damper test machine under near-isothermal conditions for fixed valve settings, with input kinematics corresponding to harmonic and random road profiles. The extended model is then used only for simulating data for training and testing the NARX model with specified temperature profiles and different valve parameters, both in isolation and within quarter-car vehicle simulations. A heat generation and dissipation model is also developed and experimentally verified for use within the simulations. Virtual tuning using the quarter-car simulation model then exploits the NARX damper to achieve a compromise between ride and handling under transient thermal conditions with harmonic and random road profiles. For quarter-car simulations, the paper shows that a single tuneable NARX damper makes virtual tuning computationally very attractive.     

以土固土路堑边坡柔性支护技术有限元极限分析研究

以某路堑边坡为例,采用有限元极限分析方法,分别对无支挡、填土压坡支挡及条石挡墙支挡条件下边坡稳定性及坡体变形情况进行模拟分析,从工作机理上验证了填土加固技术——以土固土的柔性支护技术对地质条件较差、坡高不大的路堑边坡的适应性,并将其应用于实际工程。实践表明,与传统刚性支护（条石抗滑挡墙）加固方案比较,采用以土固土柔性支护方案不仅能极大提高路堑边坡的稳定安全系数,减少坡体的水平位移以及更好适应坡体变形,克服传统刚性支护容易造成的结构开裂、坡体变形过大等问题。     

利用柔性轮胎模型对车辆起步过程中过渡响应的研究

利用模态参数柔性轮胎模型模拟车辆在起步过程中的动态响应特性，并以相应轴头加速度响应特性的试验结果间接给予了验证。从而解释了车辆在起步时需要较大驱动力矩的原因。其结果亦解释了文献中所描述的起步过程现象。     

Kinematic and dynamic analysis of the McPherson suspension with a planar quarter-car model

McPherson suspension modelling poses a challenging problem due to its nonlinear asymmetric behaviour. The paper proposes a planar quarter-car analytical model that not only considers vertical motion of the sprung mass (chassis) but also: (i) rotation and translation for the unsprung mass (wheel assembly), (ii) wheel mass and its inertia moment about the longitudinal axis, and (iii) tyre damping and lateral deflection. This kinematic–dynamic model offers a solution to two important shortcomings of the conventional quarter-car model: it accounts for geometry and for tyre modelling. The paper offers a systematic development of the planar model as well as the complete set of mathematical equations. This analytical model can be suitable for fast computation in hardware-in-the-loop applications. Furthermore, a reproducible Simulink implementation is given. The model has been compared with a realistic Adams/View simulation to analyse dynamic behaviour for the jounce and rebound motion of the wheel and two relevant kinematic parameters: camber angle and track width variation.     

柔性基层长寿命沥青路面全寿命周期成本分析

以昆明-安宁高速公路路面工程为实例,采用全寿命周期成本分析方法,对柔性基层长寿命沥青路面结构和传统强基薄面的半刚性基层沥青路面结构进行经济分析？分析表明,柔性基层长寿命沥青路面结构在分析周期内具有更低的直接成本,使用寿命可延长5～6倍,维修作业时间可缩短6～9倍,维修方便易行,对交通影响很小,可节约大量的用户间接费用.     

A novel global sensitivity analysis on the observation accuracy of the coupled vehicle model

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a novel 2-step global sensitivity analysis algorithm to provide an in-depth sensitivity analysis of the vehicle parameters on the system responses. A 9 degree-of-freedom nonlinear vertical–lateral coupled vehicle model is developed, and 12 parameters along with 7 system responses are selected for the sensitivity analysis. In order to reduce the computational effort, the proposed 2-step algorithm calculates the elementary effects and selects 7 influential parameters from these 12, and then uses the Sobol' method to obtain the global sensitivity indexes of these influential parameters. An unscented Kalman filter is finally designed to show the effect and importance of the selected sensitive parameters on the observation accuracy. Simulations with different vehicle types, velocities and tyre models have verified that the proposed algorithm can accurately describe the relationship between the vehicle parameters and system responses, which is of directive significance to improve vehicle controller and observer performances.     

适用于汽车转弯制动仿真的轮胎力学模型

通过对轮胎试验结果的分析,用统计拟合方法建立了一种适用于转弯制动联合工况仿真的轮胎力学模型。所建模型与实际情况接近,计算简便,在用理论分析建模困难时,而采用试验数据进行统计建模不失为一种有效的途径。