解决路网检测器布局问题的数形结合方法

为了获取各路段的交通流量,本文提出一种解决任意路网中检测器布局优化 问题的数形结合方法.首先基于交通网络的拓扑结构与代数关联矩阵间的联系定义平衡 矩阵和基本平衡矩阵;然后根据基本平衡矩阵的特点,找到n -1阶数（比网络节点数少 1）可逆矩阵M ,该矩阵所对应的路段集合就构成路网的一个支撑树(不需要安装检测器 的路段集合);最后根据流量守恒原理进行矩阵运算,全面、准确、快速地推算出未安装检 测器路段的交通流量.该方法揭示了路网中各路段流量间的数形联系,并避免了单独利用 代数或图论方法的操作复杂性,以及获取交通信息不及时性.通过具体算例验证了此方法 的可行性和有效性.     

基于时间逼近搜索算法的城轨列车运行节能优化研究

针对地铁列车准点节能运行,提出了基于时间逼近搜索的列车节能优化算法。首先建立城市轨道列车在满足定时运行条件下的节能控制模型,通过庞特利亚金最大值原理得到了列车节能最优控制工况集;其次,推导了列车在不同节能运行模式下的能耗差异;在此基础上,提出了一种将列车运行区间进行分段优化的方法,采用时间逼近搜索求解列车工况转换点的位置,最终达到定时节能运行的目的。以上海地铁3号线铁力路至友谊路线路为算例,与实测负荷过程对比,列车采用本文算法优化后可节能12.5%。      

Curvature estimation of point set data based on the moving-least square surface

Curvature estimation is a basic step in many point relative applications such as feature recognition, segmentation, shape analysis and simplification. This paper proposes a moving-least square (MLS) surface based method to evaluate curvatures for unorganized point cloud data. First a variation of the projection based MLS surface is adopted as the underlying representation of the input points. A set of equations for geometric analysis are derived from the implicit definition of the MLS surface. These equations are then used to compute curvatures of the surface. Moreover, an empirical formula for determining the appropriate Gaussian factor is presented to improve the accuracy of curvature estimation. The proposed method is tested on several sets of synthetic and real data. The results demonstrate that the MLS surface based method can faithfully and efficiently estimate curvatures and reflect subtle curvature variations. The comparisons with other curvature computation algorithms also show that the presented method performs well when handling noisy data and dense points with complex shapes.     

POMDP基于点的值迭代算法中一种信念选择方法

部分可观察马尔可夫决策过程（POMDP）是描述不确定环境下进行决策的数学模型．基于点的值迭代算法是求解POMDP问题的一类近似解法．针对基于点的算法中信念选择这一关键问题,提出了一种基于熵的信念选择方法（EBBS）．EBBS算法通过计算可以转移到的信念点的不确定性,选择熵较小且到当前信念点集距离大于一定阈值的信念点扩充信念点集合．实验结果表明,通过熵选择信念点的值迭代算法只需要在较少数量的信念点上进行值迭代操作就能得到预期的折扣报酬．     

Geometry modeling of ship hull based on non-uniform B-spline

In order to generate the three-dimensional (3-D) hull surface accurately and smoothly, a mixed method which is made up of non-uniform B-spline together with an iterative procedure was developed. By using the iterative method the data points on each section curve are calculated and the generalized waterlines and transverse section curves are determined. Then using the non-uniform B-spline expression, the control vertex net of the hull is calculated based on the generalized waterlines and section curves. A ship with tunnel stern was taken as test case. The numerical results prove that the proposed approach for geometry modeling of 3-D ship hull surface is accurate and effective.     

基于DES监控理论的滑行道对头冲突控制策略

为克服场面开环控制模式难以应对随机事件的缺陷,提出场面运行闭环控制框架.基于DES(离散事件系统)监控理论,研究A-SMGCS(先进机场场面引导与控制系统)滑行道对头冲突控制,建立了面向滑行道物理布局的扩展受控Petri网模型.利用航空器滑行路径序列得到精简滑行模型,并考虑环路和环路链,给出无对头冲突的充分必要条件,提出了滑行道对头冲突避免控制策略以及相应的控制律决策算法.算例仿真试验表明,本文提出的策略能根据场面状态实时识别对头冲突并实现冲突避免.     

桁架结构拓扑优化的微粒群算法

为了解决有应力和位移约束的桁架结构的拓扑优化问题,将微粒群算法用于桁架结构拓扑优化.用罚函数法将应力和位移约束下的结构优化问题转化为无约束优化问题,用微粒群算法迭代计算.为了证明此方法的可行性,给出了2个具有应力和位移约束的桁架结构拓扑优化的算例.计算结果表明,微粒群算法与现有算法获得的桁架结构拓扑优化结果一致.     

开放式零件库TDB的一种实现方法

对零件库进行了介绍，主要研究了临时数据库(TDB)的功能，提出了在FORTRAN语言联编和UG／GRIP语言映射过程中，运用组结构实现TDB的功能，其具体操作是运用链表来实现对临时几何实体的操作，即实现临时几何实体的删除、组实体的转化等操作；将符合ISO13584．31标准的FORTRAN联编程序文件，通过用C语言编写的转换接口的编译，最终生成Unigraphics系统下的GRIP语言程序．     

Research of Consistency Maintenance Mechanism in Real-Time Collaborative Multi-View Business Modeling

Real-time collaborative editing(RTCE)can support a group of people collaboratively work from distributed locations at the same time.However,consistency maintenance is one key challenge when different types of conflicts happen.Therefore a common synchronous mechanism is proposed to support consistency maintenance in the process of multi-view business modeling.Based on operation analysis on different views of models in the real-time collaborative editing system,detection of potential conflicts is realized by means of a decision-making tree.Then consistency maintenance provides a comprehensive and applicable conflicts detection and resolution for collaborative business modeling.Finally,a prototype of collaborative multi-view business modeling system is introduced to verify the approach.The point is that the mechanism proposes a comprehensive solution for collaborative multi-view business modeling.     

Topology-based quantitative assessment of structural robustness

Local damages to a structure will cause disproportional collapse if the system is lack of robustness. This structural safety cannot be guaranteed by traditional ways, such as reliability analysis tools and construction management approaches. Therefore, it is very important to develop related theories for structural robustness. This paper presents a methodology to quantitatively assess the structural robustness from the topological point of view. In the proposed method, the structural failure is viewed as a feedback process. The transformations between the damage input and failure output form a closed-loop. The decisive factor of the operation of such a closed-loop is thought as the structural topology. Furthermore, the damage input and the failure output of the structure are measured by the uncertain disturbance and the change of the topology, respectively. After the sensitivity of the structural topology to the uncertain disturbance is studied, the transfer matrix is discovered to indicate the rationality of the topological relationship. The importance of each loading path, the structural robustness and the most vulnerable part of the system can be found concisely in accordance with this matrix.     

拱型结构分析的拓扑变化法

本文根据论文《弹性结构拓扑变化的一般定理及拓扑变化法》提出的结构拓扑变化的理论，对变截面无铰拱用拓扑变化法进行了分析，得出了一套全新的绘制无铰拱内力影响线的方法并由此导出了其影响线的显示表达式及内力，位移计算式。该方法彻底摆脱了组建及求解代数方程组交实现了结构拓扑变化分析与有限元分析的结合。     

流体自由界面追踪方法对比研究

流体自由界面追踪方法研究是近年来计算流体力学的热门课题,已有多种方法提出.文中对有代表性的VOF方法和Level Set界面追踪方法进行了比较.根据各种算法对旋转和剪切2种虚拟流场中界面演化的追踪结果,探讨了各种方法的准确性.计算结果表明,与VOF方法相比较,Level Set方法,特别是粒子level set方法能够更好地捕捉运动界面.     

Separation and visualization of arteries and heart in 3D computed tomography angiography images

The visualization of arteries and heart usually plays a crucial role in the clinical diagnosis, but researchers face the problems of region selection and mutual occlusion in clinical visualization. Therefore, the arteries and the heart cannot be easily visualized by current visualization methods. To solve the problems, we propose a new framework for arteries and cardiac visualization by combining a priori knowledge and the set operations. Firstly, a suitable region can be easily determined in the transfer function space with a priori knowledge and the visual feedback results. Secondly, the arteries and the heart can be directly extracted by the marked seed point. Finally, the arteries and the heart are separated for solving mutual occlusion through the set operations. This framework can easily solve the mutual occlusion problem in clinical visualization and greatly improve the region selection method in the transfer function space. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated on the basis of many experimental results.     

Surface reconstruction of scanned human body using radial basis functions and adaptive partition of unity

It is important to reconstruct a continuous surface representation of the point cloud scanned from a human body. In this paper a new implicit surface method is proposed to reconstruct the human body surface from the points based on the combination of radial basis functions (RBFs) and adaptive partition of unity (PoU). The whole 3D domain of the scanned human body is firstly subdivided into a set of overlapping subdomains based on the improved octrees. The smooth local surfaces are then computed in the subdomains based on RBFs. And finally the global human body surface is reconstructed by blending the local surfaces with the adaptive PoU functions. This method is robust for the surface reconstruction of the scanned human body even with large or non-uniform point cloud which has a sharp density variation. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50575139) and the Shanghai Special Fund of Informatization (No. 088)     

基于降低温室效应的飞行高度层分配优化

为减小扇区空中交通飞行对环境的影响,使用高度层分配优化方法开展了基于降低温室效应的航空器绿色轨迹优化研究.首先针对扇区航空器运行的特点,结合区域扇区飞行冲突解脱方法,综合考虑扇区空中交通排放的CO₂和产生的凝结尾对全球地表温度变化的影响;其次,以最小化全球地表温度变化为目标,建立区域扇区飞行调配模型,选用高度改变冲突调配策略,并采用带精英保留策略的遗传算法求解模型;最后,使用某市02号高空管制区的实际运行数据进行了实例验证.研究结果表明:该模型能够显著降低扇区航空器运行造成的全球地表温度增加;在25、50 a和100 a时间水平下全球地表温度增加值分别降低了98.74%、97.69%、97.11%;飞行高度层分配优化能大幅度降低温室效应.      

Elliptical splats based isosurface visualization for volume data

Elliptical splats are used to represent and render the isosurface of volume data. The method consists of two steps. The first step is to extract points on the isosurface by looking up the case table. In the second step, properties of splats are computed based on local geometry. Rendering is achieved using surface splatting algorithm. The obtained results show that the extraction time of isosurfaces can be reduced by a factor of three. So our approach is more appropriate for interactive visualization of large medical data than the classical marching cubes (MC) technique.     

Mobile Robot Hierarchical Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Using Monocular Vision

A hierarchical mobile robot simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) method that allows us to obtain accurate maps was presented. The local map level is composed of a set of local metric feature maps that are guaranteed to be statistically independent. The global level is a topological graph whose arcs are labeled with the relative location between local maps. An estimation of these relative locations is maintained with local map alignment algorithm, and more accurate estimation is calculated through a global minimization procedure using the loop closure constraint. The local map is built with Rao-Blackwellised particle filter (RBPF), where the particle filter is used to extending the path posterior by sampling new poses. The landmark position estimation and update is implemented through extended Kalman filter (EKF). Monocular vision mounted on the robot tracks the 3D natural point landmarks, which are structured with matching scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) feature pairs. The matching for multi-dimension SIFT features is implemented with a KD-tree in the time cost of O(lbN). Experiment results on Pioneer mobile robot in a real indoor environment show the superior performance of our proposed method.     

基于关键客流密度选择支路公交运营模式的方法

公交支线采用灵活式运营模式,可以通过接驳点将所服务区与交通网连接起来,为乘客提供更有效快捷的运行方式.但在实际的设计和运营过程中,往往很难选择运用何种模式更合适.鉴于此,提出公交运营模式选择模型以协助决策者做出更合理的选择.采用连续近似方法估算关键需求密度,通过分析单车辆和双车辆情况下的运营参数,比较模拟生成的值,验证分析建模方法的有效性.     

Determination of Critical Slip Surface of Soil Slope by New Complex Method

Introduction The stability analysis of soil slopes is usually per-formed by limit equilibrium method (LEM). Gener-ally, the evaluation of soil slope by LEM involvescalculating the safety factor for a given slip surfaceand determining the location of criti…     

基于ACP方法的城市轨道交通平行系统体系研究

针对目前城市轨道交通中亟待解决的安全、高效、可靠运行等关键问题,运用复杂系统研究中的人工交通系统、计算实验和平行执行（ACP）方法,提出了基于ACP方法的城市轨道人工交通平行系统体系研究. 通过对传统仿真软件的分析,指出了建立动态、整体、真实的城市轨道人工交通系统研究体系的必要性;详细描述了城市轨道人工交通系统的构建方法和计算实验流程方案;最后,通过平行执行对各种方案进行综合评估,制定合理的管理方案;形成一套自下而上的城市轨道交通平行控制和管理方法. 城市轨道交通平行系统体系的研究,对综合交通体系的发展必将产生深远的影响.