Intelligent Electronic Systems in Commercial Vehicles for Enhanced Traffic Safety

Looking at the future trends of the road traffic, one will recognize that the commercial vehicle participation will not decrease, although it is required from the environmental and social viewpoints. The reason is that the other means of freight transport (water, railway, air) do not provide the same flexibility as the road transport, and direct business interest of those companies, who are using this transport form is larger than the eventual loss caused by the penalties to be paid (taxes, compensation of higher axle load). This conflict is hard to solve, but the effect can be minimized. The commercial vehicle industry attempts to introduce systems to the vehicles, which are targeting on reduction of the environmental impacts caused by heavy vehicles. These systems, which are named generally as “intelligent chassis systems”, electronically control the operation of the chassis subsystems (engine, transmission, brake, suspension) and co-ordinate their operation on a higher level (vehicle controller, intelligent control systems, such as adaptive cruise control, video camera based lane change recognition system, etc.). This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the commercial vehicle chassis systems, and tries to project their future development.     

商用车增强型诊断协议与标准

针对现代商用车主要应用的 ISO15765 与 SAE J1939 2 种增强型诊断协议的物理传输、数据传输和应用服务进行了分析和比较,总结了这 2 种增强型诊断协议在成熟度、应用广泛性和兼容性方面的差别.鉴于上述 2 种诊断协议之间差别较大,建议在整车开发初期选择、制定整车诊断协议标准时,应考虑整车诊断协议的兼容性和整车平台发展的延续性.     

Preview-Based Control of Suspension Systems for Commercial Vehicles

An active suspension with preview is developed for the rear axle of a commercial vehicle. The obtained improvements are promising and justify further investigation of the more feasible semi-active suspensions with preview. The inherent non-linearity of semi-active suspensions with switching shock absorbers and the need for controllers that can handle a broad class of control objectives has led to the development of several numerical control methods for both multi-level and continuously variable shock absorbers. The most promising control method and shock absorber type are selected and mounted in a test vehicle. Some first experimental results are discussed.     

Preview-Based Control of Suspension Systems for Commercial Vehicles

An active suspension with preview is developed for the rear axle of a commercial vehicle. The obtained improvements are promising and justify further investigation of the more feasible semi-active suspensions with preview. The inherent non-linearity of semi-active suspensions with switching shock absorbers and the need for controllers that can handle a broad class of control objectives has led to the development of several numerical control methods for both multi-level and continuously variable shock absorbers. The most promising control method and shock absorber type are selected and mounted in a test vehicle. Some first experimental results are discussed.     

商用车驾驶员夏季安全行车注意事项

炎炎夏日往往也是道路安全事故频发的季节,在确保车辆进行日常检修保养的同时,高温季节的驾驶也存在着诸多值得驾乘人员注意的地方。例如重点检查车辆安全部位,严禁驾驶带病车上路行驶;驾驶员在夏季行车前,必须保障充足的休息和睡眠,保持精力充沛,严禁疲劳驾驶;炎热天气行车要控制车速,避免过长时间高速行车,以免造成发动机或轮胎温度过高;行车中应密切注视非机动车和行人动态,要提防非机动车和行人为避凉而突然横穿道路,奔向道路荫凉一侧。     

Some Design Aspects of Anti-Lock Brake Systems for Commercial Vehicles

SUMMARY

In this paper a simulation model of tractor-semitrailers suitable for design and performance analysis of anti-lock systems is presented. The model is used to evaluate the effects of various methods of prediction and reselection of the anti-lock system on the braking performance of tractor-semitrailers. The characteristics and the equivalent control logic of a commercially available anti-lock system are examined and its deficiencies are identified. To rectify these deficiencies, improved methods of prediction and reselection are proposed. A comparison of the slip characteristics and braking effectiveness between the proposed and the commercially available systems is made. The effects of various types of control logic on the steerability and directional stability of tractor-semitrailers and on the air consumption of the brake systems will be examined in a separate paper.     

Some Design Aspects of Anti-Lock Brake Systems for Commercial Vehicles

In this paper a simulation model of tractor-semitrailers suitable for design and performance analysis of anti-lock systems is presented. The model is used to evaluate the effects of various methods of prediction and reselection of the anti-lock system on the braking performance of tractor-semitrailers. The characteristics and the equivalent control logic of a commercially available anti-lock system are examined and its deficiencies are identified. To rectify these deficiencies, improved methods of prediction and reselection are proposed. A comparison of the slip characteristics and braking effectiveness between the proposed and the commercially available systems is made. The effects of various types of control logic on the steerability and directional stability of tractor-semitrailers and on the air consumption of the brake systems will be examined in a separate paper.     

智能交通系统中的公交车辆动态调度研究

阐述公交车辆静态调度的局限性，据此提出公交车辆动态调度策略及其在线调整方法，并分析研究运营车辆出现意外事故，故障及延误等实际,财度管理人员应如何采取相尖的应急调度措施和方案。实验分析结果表明，实施公交车辆动态调度策略。可有效地解决公交车辆的静态调度不足，达到公交车辆指标调度自动化，以提高公交车辆的运营效率和服务质量，为公交车辆智能调度提供切实可行的调度方法。     

北京市道路智能交通管理系统应用与展望

在分析北京市道路交通管理特点以及总结智能交通管理系统应用情况的基础上,对首都智能交通管理系统的发展进行了展望,提出了智能交通管理系统是解决城市交通问题的有效手段和实现科学发展的必然选择。     

北京市智能交通管理系统的交通安全效果评价研究

提出了一种针对智能交通管理系统交通安全作用效果分析的评价方法,用来评价北京市智能交通管理系统的实施对道路交通所作贡献的程度。该方法根据智能交通管理系统的功能作用范围将北京市分为两个部分,分别在系统功能作用范围内外选取若干区域作为评价对象,利用灰色聚类评估法对所选两类区域的交通安全等级进行评价,并进一步分析评价智能交通管理系统的交通安全作用效果,评价结果显示该方法具有较好的可操作性和通用性,能够很好地解决智能交通管理系统的交通安全效果评价问题。     

雾区行车安全智能引导系统的控制策略

对雾区行车安全智能引导系统的基本原理、系统组成、工作模式、控制策略进行了全面阐述,特别是对影响系统实际工作效果的红灯点亮时间阈值、红灯触发数等关键控制策略参数进行了深入分析.针对雾区行车安全智能引导系统所特有的防止追尾警示功能,采用红灯状态变化时序图、关键参数变化规律表格推演等方法对关键控制策略参数进行优化,得出不同能见度下雾区路段安全车距控制、建议限速值与红灯点亮时间阈值和红灯触发数的对应关系,为雾区行车安全智能引导系统实际应用效果的改善提供了重要参考.     

6例商用车维修安全注意事项

在车辆的日常维修保养中,由于缺乏经验、不按规定进行操作发生意外事故的情况时有发生。掌握相关的汽车维修安全要领、充分了解车辆的结构原理、积累丰富的维修经验对于维修人员和驾驶员来说十分必要。从笔者所在的河南油田10多年的统计数据看,由于维修人员没有掌握相关的汽车维修安全要领,引起了多起伤害事故,并造成了一些人员伤害和财产损失。结合车辆的日常维修保养,本文总结了6例常见的商用车维修安全注意事项,希望能够给维修人员和驾驶员带来一些帮助。例一:驾驶室倾翻每次倾翻驾驶室时,首先应取出驾驶室内没有或者无法固定的重物,严禁有人在驾驶室前方区域内工作,以免驾驶室内物品砸落前挡风玻璃而使人受到伤害;驾驶室必须翻转到极限位并进行锁止,然后才能工作;否则,维修人员在驾驶室     

7月,商用汽车历史性发展机遇呈现

2001年7月,一个不平凡的月份:从月初纪念中国共产党成立80周年,紧接着国家经贸委向社会公布了包括汽车、机械、冶金等1 3个行业的"十五"规划;7月4日又传来了中国加入WTO实质性谈判已经完成的消息;而7月1 3日晚北京赢得了2008年奥运会的主办权,又将中国与世界之间的距离拉近.在冷静思考之后,笔者深切地感受到我国商用汽车行业发展的历史性机遇已经呈现,相信借着良好的政策导向和社会需求拉动,我国的商用汽车在最近的几年中将会有突飞猛进的发展.     

车辆稳定性控制在奔驰商用车中的应用

目前,主动安全技术作为汽车安全的重要手段之一,已经得到汽车制造厂商的普遍重视。与此同时,车辆局域网的普遍采用,使得早期相对独立的各种功能,通过计算机网络重新组合起来,相互协同,组成一个新的更强的系统。其中的车辆稳定控制系统就是这一组合系统的典型范例。它将发动机的     

加强客货运驾驶人安全管理:落实权益保障和服务更重要

2012年2月8日,继工信部与公安部联合下发《关于进一步提高大中型客货车安全技术性能加强车辆<公告>管理和注册登记管理工作的通知》之后,公安部再度与交通运输部联合下发《关于进一步加强客货运驾驶人安全管理工作的意见》,涉及驾驶人培训考试、从业资格管理、日常教育管理、违规问题责任追究4个方面17项具体要求,力求从源头着手,防范和遏制由商用车造成的重特大道路交通事故.     

商用车多品种智能柔性总装生产装备技术的应用探讨

本文介绍了商用车总装生产装备如何利用智能化的解决方案去适应多种平台车型产品共线生产的问题.主要两个重点方面问题提出解决方案和相关应用实践,首先是多品种产品生产的工装共用和如何柔性的应对,其次是在面对各种不同平台产品结构带来工艺和工时较大的差异时,装备如何能以较低的代价去满足工艺需求.     

基于智能车路系统的交叉口主动交通安全技术研究

智能车路系统是通过交通信息资源在车载装置和交通基础设施之间的合理分配和平衡、车辆和道路设施的智能协同和配合来提高交通的安全性和工作效率的.从分析国内外智能交通的发展、对交通安全问题的关注和车载设备的增多等角度出发,认为智能车路系统是作为解决主动交通安全问题的一个有效途径,以解决交叉口"两难区"交通安全为出发点,给出了智能车路系统解决实际主动交通安全的实例.     

采埃孚商用车独立悬架新技术

独立悬架系统(IFS)具有安装空间小、自质量轻、同一桥的2个车轮不再相互影响等优势.自20世纪90年代以来,随着车速的提高以及乘客对舒适性要求的提高,独立前悬架系统已经成为欧洲长途客车的标准配置,北美的部分长途客车也开始配置独立悬架系统.如今,随着我国道路条件的改善、乘客对舒适性要求的提高,国内一些客车主机厂也纷纷开始了独立悬架系统的开发应用.     

Roll-Over Prevention System for Commercial Vehicles - Additional Sensorless Function of the Electronic Brake System

Recent experiences have shown that even small-medium size passenger cars face an accident which has been connected with commercial vehicles so far: the roll-over. The roll-over is the most horrible accident type for truck drivers, since he/she does not have any indication before it happens, and consequently does not react properly. This article discusses some of the problems of the commercial vehicle stability in general, and offers a solution for detecting and avoiding roll-over by using the existing sensors and actuators of electronic brake system (EBS).     

Diagnosis Methods for Electronic Controlled Vehicles

The development of automotive systems shows an increasing number of sensors, actuators and microelectronic controllers, partially for active driver assistance. However, electronic and electrical components have quite different failure behavior and in general lower reliability than mechanical components. On the other side microcomputers can also be used for fault detection and diagnosis. The contribution therefore shows how model-based fault detection and diagnosis methods together with few available measurements can be applied for automobiles. After an introduction, a short summary is given for fault detection and diagnosis methods, especially for model-based methods. Then some research results are shown, like the fault detection and diagnosis of an electromechanical throttle actuator, a suspension system and the lateral behavior of a passenger car. Finally, methods for fault-tolerant sensors and actuators are discussed which are required for drive-by-wire systems.