基于公交IC卡和GPS数据的乘客上下车站点研究

文章通过对公交IC卡和GPS数据的分析,给出了利用IC卡和GPS数据推导乘客上下车站点的判别方法。通过充分挖掘两类公交数据中的信息,考虑乘客刷卡滞后的情况,采用相邻站点进站时间与刷卡时间匹配的方法识别上车站点;同时考虑到同行人员代刷卡行为,改进了下车站点的判断机理;最后结合成都市公交IC卡和GPS数据进行实例分析,结果表明所采用的判别方法上车站点识别率较高,下车站点的判断结果符合实际情况,具有较高的准确性。     

城市公交

成都早高峰前免费乘公交 2013年7月1日起，四川省成都市每天5时至7时实行刷卡免费乘坐公交车政策，鼓励乘客提前错峰出行，缓解目前早高峰公交出行较为集中、车辆满载率较高的现象。     

"城际公交刷卡难"引发的思考

绍兴城际公交作为城乡公交一体化的亮点工程,从2007年7月推行至今,已开通绍兴至诸暨、绍兴至上虞、绍兴至嵊州等多条线路,受到了当地市民的热烈欢迎.近日,有不少乘客反映,在乘坐城际公交刷卡消费时,经常遇到乘务员以各种理由婉拒乘客,IC卡车载机成了摆设.     

公交移动支付风险应对策略

<正>在传统的公共支付中,现金支付收纳不方便,而公交卡使用过程中充值不方便、容易丢失、跨地区无法使用等问题,移动支付走进公交支付系统,成为传统支付的补充,改变了支付结构,解决了传统支付的缺陷,方便了市民出行。1.公交移动支付存在的风险1.1技术风险移动支付虽然为大众出行带来了便利,但在支付过程中,也存在很多     

“出行一卡通”不是梦

公交、地铁、出租可以刷卡，火车票、飞机票可以刷卡，到外地后的公交、地铁、出租、景点门票、购物、住宿同样可以刷卡，这是不是梦想？这样的便利在技术上看来早已不是事，关键是解决好标准的统一、各种类型卡的互相兼容、如何及时清算资金、如何保障资金安全和如何增加数量庞大的一卡通机具安装等问题。     

公交惯常出行与随机出行的时空分布差异

差异化和精细化的公交服务要求城市管理者和公交运营者加深对公交出行变异性的认识。本文将公交惯常出行定义为乘客个体多次在同一时段或空间乘坐公交的行为，随机出行的定义与之相反。利用厦门市30天连续的常规公交数据，使用DBSCAN算法对出行天数在10天以上的高频乘客进行划分，用核心点来表征惯常出行，用非核心点来表征随机出行。结果表明有78.70%的出行在时间上具有稳定性，有72.32%的出行在空间上具有稳定性。研究结论凸显了公交高频乘客也具有随机出行，且随机出行的统计特征和时空分布与惯常出行有较大差异。研究结论可以应用于个体时空模式挖掘、乘客人群划分、定制公交线路制定、公交差异化服务设置等方面。     

无锡轨道交通可刷金融IC卡

正近日,支持无锡轨道交通行业应用的金融IC卡"苏芯卡"正式发行,今后无锡人可以刷银行卡乘坐地铁了。乘客使用金融IC卡乘坐轨道交通时,不用买票,无需输密码,只要把卡片在闸机上方轻轻一刷,即可进入车站;出站时,只要在车站出口闸机再刷一次,便能完成支付。截至目前,无锡全市已有21家银行的苏芯卡     

联迪春城试水“打的刷卡”

"打车没零钱?可以使用支付宝哟,亲!"在杭州、成都、青岛、嘉兴等多个城市启动"支付宝打车"业务后,春城昆明也加入了小微支付的"尝鲜"行列。日前,在昆明市的7200多辆出租车中,悄然出现了10辆可以刷卡的的士。乘客搭乘这些的士后,不用再准备零钱,拿出银联卡,在车内的POS机上轻轻划过,10秒钟即可轻松完成支付交易。据悉,此次"试水"由交通银行云南分行、中国银联云南分公司联合昆明市出租汽车管理处等机构共同     

从“云公交卡”看智慧公交未来

正从超市到外卖、从打车到共享单车,当下移动支付的普及给人们生活带来的颠覆,可谓史无前例。当移动支付巨头们将现有的高频交易场景瓜分殆尽时,公共交通领域高频、高粘度的交易场景似乎成为最后的"必争之地"。支付宝早在2013年就打出"未来公交"的概念,试图用支付宝的便捷支付改变整个支付流程;今年4月,支付宝与广州羊城通全面合作,"羊城通"装进了支付宝,形成一张     

预信号在次右侧型公交专用道中的应用研究

为了减少次右侧型公交专用道的公交延误和乘客人均延误,针对不饱和进口道建立了一种基于公交候驶区的公交预信号控制方法。分析了公交预信号的工作原理,研究了车辆到达率、信号配时参数、候驶区长度之间的关系,提出了预信号配置的方法。通过车辆到达-离开曲线来研究车辆延误与信号配时的关系,分析公交预信号设置前后公交车辆与社会车辆的延误变化。并对给定条件的交叉口进口道设置预信号,结果表明公交车的平均延误减少57.2%,社会车辆平均延误增加35.6%,所有乘客平均延误减少25.7%。     

西气东输二线府河定向钻穿越设计与施工

西气东输二线长输管道定向钻穿越府河工程,采用了大口径、长距离、入土端含卵砂石条件下的水平定向钻技术。文中介绍输气管道在府河复杂地质条件下定向钻穿越的设计方法与施工方案,论述定向钻穿越设计、处理卵砂层方法、导向孔钻进、扩孔、回拖、泥浆配置等技术,总结工程设计及施工经验,为大口径长输管道定向钻穿越技术在复杂地层中的应用和发展提供新的实践资料。     

Social Impacts of Transport: Literature Review and the State of the Practice of Transport Appraisal in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom

Abstract

Transport appraisals in European countries increasingly address three dimensions of sustainability—economic, ecological and social. However, social impacts of transport have been underexposed in (ex‐ante) transport project appraisal, at least in the Netherlands. Firstly, this article presents a theoretical framework describing the relationships between determinants of social impacts of transport; it also provides a definition and categorization of those impacts. Secondly, the article reviews the state of the practice of national transport project appraisal in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The article shows that social impacts of transport investments can take on many forms and their levels of importance may vary widely, in project appraisal. The UK transport appraisal guidance includes a spectrum of social impacts through quantitative and qualitative assessments that is broader than the Dutch appraisal guidance. However, it does not cover the full range as identified in the literature. This holds, in particular, for the temporary impacts of transport investments, health impacts, social cohesion, the distribution and accumulation of impacts across population groups and social justice. All in all, it can be concluded that there is a long way to go before social impacts of transport projects are completely included in appraisals, in a way that allows us to compare them to economic and ecological effects.     

盾构机姿态参数的测量及计算方法研究

根据三点决定一个平面的原理,通过在盾构机中体上布置测量控制点,对其三维坐标进行测量;根据空间解析几何原理,推导出盾构机刀盘中心三维坐标以及俯仰角、横摆角、扭转角的计算方法.文章利用计算机的伪随机函数对盾构机姿态参数的测量精度进行了模拟评价,探讨了提高测量精度的方法.结果表明,盾构姿态参数的测量误差均服从正态分析;采用精度为3 mm的激光经纬仪测量控制点坐标,得到的盾构姿态参数的误差范围比规范要求小得多.     

Climate change and the contribution of transport: Basic facts and the role of aviation

There is a world-wide consensus that climate change policy has to be intensified to achieve reduction goals set for 2020 and 2050. But it is heavily debated which contribution should be expected from the transport sector. It is often argued that in the transportation sector CO₂ marginal mitigation costs are higher such that – together with high growth of transport activities – the reduction targets for this sector should be relaxed. Green transport policy is contrasting this view and underlines that considerable reductions of climate gases in the transport sector are possible without risking economic prosperity. The aviation industry is in the focus of this discussion and first attempts are being made in the European Union to integrate aviation in an emission trading system. It will be shown that the impact of this policy will be very low in the medium term and that additional measures are necessary to create enough incentives for the aviation industry to exploit their reduction potential.     

土压平衡盾构故障诊断及保养系统的研制与开发

文章以目前地铁建设中常用的土压平衡盾构为背景,介绍了盾构故障诊断及保养系统的总体结构方案、知识库知识的获取建立、推理机的设计及系统的主要工作流程等,旨在通过系统的研制与开发,提高盾构掘进机的施工效率.     

漏磁式智能检测在管道中的运用及管道腐蚀分析

天然气输送管道在生产运行中，在内部不可避免的受到输送介质的腐蚀，在外部由于施工建设质量、绝缘层的缺陷、阴极保护不足等诸多因素的影响，同样存在腐蚀，并且随生产年限延长而逐年加重，安全隐患增大。因此，对管道内外腐蚀检测是监测、评价管道的重要项目之一。西南油气田分公司在国内首次引进国外漏磁式智能检测技术。文章分析了该项技术的检测参数、置信度、经济效果评价和存在的缺陷，论述了管道内、外腐蚀的原因，提出了减缓腐蚀的各项建议。     

道路交通事故分析及预防对策

道路交通事故的预防是一个系统工程,通过对全国和新疆道路交通安全现状与道路交通事故原因的对比分析,分别从影响道路交通安全的人、车、路及环境四个方面提出了降低和预防道路交通事故的发生,确保行车安全的相应措施和建议。     

Problems of the carless in the United Kingdom and the United States

An examination of current population statistics shows that in the U.S. more than half of the population is without immediate access to a car, and in the U.K. more than three-fifths of the population is without access to a car. This phenomenon has been accentuated by national investment in both countries in major highway programs. The term carless refers to more than just households that own no cars. It extends, in households with cars to those without licenses (old and young), the handicapped, and even the licensed drivers who have no access to the family car when it is in use elsewhere (e.g. at work). The most severely effected are those in urban areas and especially the urban poor. Transportation expenses are limited for the poor when other family expenditures (food, shelter) take a high priority. Once the work trip has been satisfied, money for other trips, for the poor, is not always available. One solution to cost-free travel is pedestrianism (walking), but this too is difficult in urban areas where the pedestrian has been overlooked in favor of the car. Solutions to problems of the carless include dial-a-ride, better public transit, and better design of urban form.