废弃平台导管架拆除吊装计算简述

废弃平台导管架拆除不同于新平台安装的吊装计算,在计算分析之前需要搜集各种资料和数据,包括各个设计阶段的完工报告和完工图,平台在役期间更新改造的完工资料,作业现场的环境条件,现场调研检测分析数据等。需要考虑导管架的腐蚀,桩基抗拔力,防沉板吸附力等。本文主要简述废弃平台导管架拆除吊装计算需要考虑的因素,主要对与安装新导管架不同的关键计算内容进行论述。     

导管架平台拆除作业

根据海洋平台服役年限规定和相关法律法规要求,介绍国内外海洋平台拆除现状,分析海洋平台拆除的市场前景。以海洋平台中典型的四腿式简易导管架平台为研究对象,阐述拆除作业的流程和注意事项,对比导管架平台的常用切割技术,为相关企业海洋平台的拆除作业提供借鉴。     

供应船与导管架平台碰撞的数值模拟分析

为了保证海洋石油天然气资源开采的安全性,防止导管架海洋平台与船舶发生的碰撞,导致导管架海洋平台有过大变形,本文通过有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立导管架平台和供给船船艉的三维有限元模型,按照规范要求,通过DYNA模拟计算船船艉以6m/s速度垂直正碰导管架海洋平台管柱的工况,分析碰撞后导管架海洋平台应力的大小和变化趋势。为导管架平台的安全作业提供依据,为导管架平台的优化设计提供参考。     

高精度测量在渤海湾单点导管架安装过程中的应用

从利用海洋废弃导管架出发,介绍为实现海洋平台导管架陆地和海上部分的对接,废弃导管架陆地部分与海上部分的主要测量内容和测量精度要求;分析导管架测量与常规测量比较存在的主要难点;提出几何测量方法较常规传统测量存在的误差传递积累和测量精度低而言,简便、易操作、精度高;介绍几何法测量的具体原理和计算公式,说明导管架桩腿之间距离以及导管架倾斜角度精确测量的详细步骤和计算方法,并对桩腿之间距离的误差、倾斜角度误差传播公式进行推导;结合实例说明导管架安装精确测量的过程,计算测量结果和测量误差,总结导管架安装几何方法测量的基本经验。     

基于模糊综合评价法的废弃桩基平台拆除安全性评价

为了明确废弃桩基平台拆除过程中的风险因素,以废弃桩基平台拆除过程划分单元,归纳各个单元中存在的风险事故类型及隐患事故类型.并运用模糊综合评价法对废弃桩基平台拆除过程进行安全评价,得出其安全级数,为废弃桩基平台拆除作业过程中安全性防范提供了参考依据.     

高压水磨料射流内切割技术的废弃平台拆除应用

为完成曹妃甸1-6油田废弃平台导管架拆除工作,首次使用高压水磨料射流内切割技术对平台钢桩进行切割。对高压水磨料射流内切割技术原理及工程应用情况进行介绍,工程实践表明,该技术成熟可靠,可以极大地提高施工效率,节约施工时间及成本,具有广泛的应用前景。     

浮吊船的动载荷计算与安全分析

在导管架平台的安装及拆除过程中,由于浮吊的起吊能力所限,导管架各个模块的重量需要合理设计.在施工设计时,不仅需要考虑导管架各模块的静载荷,还必须考虑起吊时的动载荷.本文计算了导管架模块起吊时考虑铅垂方向运动时的动载荷,计算了考虑浮吊摇摆时的动载荷,并分析了波浪对浮吊船吊起重物的影响.对浮吊的起吊安全性进行了分析,所得结论将为海上施工提供有益的参考.     

海洋石油结构模块拖拉装船和海上安装

导管架固定平台模式是我国传统的海上油气田开发结构形式,海洋平台的建造与安装技术越来越引起业内的重视,文章以海洋结构模块的拖拉装船和海上安装为对象,描述了整个海洋结构模块(导管架、平台、钻机、生活楼等)在陆地建造及海上安装的过程。     

导管架平台的结构可靠性分析

由于平台长期处于恶劣自然环境中,其可靠性分析成为当前海洋结构基本性能研究的主要方向。针对空间导管架海洋平台,采用有限元分析方法对结构在随机载荷作用下的可靠性进行分析。考虑5种不同的设计波浪工况,基于Morison公式和线性波理论,分析结构的环境载荷,利用ANSYS软件分析空间导管架平台的响应。选取其中的危险工况,基于导管架平台结构位移和应力的失效模式,选取结构尺寸、材料参数及波浪载荷为随机变量,采用APDL语言结合Monte Carlo模拟对海洋平台的结构可靠性进行分析。结果表明,该方法可用于求解固定式平台结构在风浪流载荷作用下的可靠性分析,得到结构失效的主要因素,并改进桩底和甲板与导管架连接处的设计。可为防止结构破坏提供依据,为进行复杂结构的可靠性分析提供参考。     

非对称半潜起重平台系泊系统设计与分析

半潜式起重平台具有半潜、自航、重型吊栽功能,可适用于不同风浪条件下钻井平台、导管架模块等海上大型结构组块的建造安装和海上废弃平台拆除等吊装运输作业。由于其浮体结构存在不对称性,有必要对其系泊系统开展设计研究。采用AQW A软件对C M H I-1 6 3-1/2非对称半潜起重平台在典型海况下的系泊系统进行分析,仿真计算表明,该平台系泊系统设计方案能够满足西非海域3m高涌浪条件下的系泊要求。     

文昌14-3深水导管架的建造

海洋石油工程的发展是国家海洋事业的重要组成部分，而海洋工程中的平台制造是海上油气田开发的基础和保证。而随着现在工程越来越向深海区域发展，建造深水导管架必然将成为未来海洋工程发展的主流。以文昌14-3WHPA深水导管架的建造为例，介绍深水导管架在海洋工程中的建造过程、应用的新技术以及技术难点。     

Passive control of jacket–type offshore wind turbine vibrations by single and multiple tuned mass dampers

Vibration control is gaining focuses in the field of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) in recent years as the turbine tower becomes taller and more slender. Although a number of research works have been carried out to control the OWT vibrations, using tuned mass damper (TMD) and multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) to control the jacket–type OWT vibrations is rarely reported, especially for the MTMDs, of which the application in the field of OWTs is still in the initial stage. This study focuses on the performance of TMD and MTMDs in controlling the tower vibrations of the jacket–type OWT subjected to the combined wind, wave and current loads, which are the most common external vibration resources for OWTs. The control effectiveness is numerically investigated and evaluated by the reductions of the standard deviation displacement (σ(d)) and the standard deviation acceleration (σ(a)) of the tower top. After the installation of TMD, σ(d) and σ(a) are reduced by 32% and 29% respectively. Larger TMD mass ratios lead to better control effectiveness, but the improvement becomes less obvious as the mass ratios constantly increase. The control effectiveness of the MTMD system is slightly decreased compared with a single large TMD. However, the robustness of MTMDs is superior since the OWT vibrations can still be controlled effectively even if some TMDs do not function. The control effectiveness of the MTMD system can also be affected by the change in the positions of malfunctioned TMDs.     

Development of jacket platform tsunami risk rating system in waters offshore North Borneo

This work details the simulation of tsunami waves generated by seaquakes in the Manila Trench and their effect on fixed oil and gas jacket platforms in waters offshore North Borneo. For this study, a four-leg living quarter jacket platform located in a water depth of 63m is modelled in SACS v5.3. Malaysia has traditionally been perceived to be safe from the hazards of earthquakes and tsunamis. Local design practices tend to neglect tsunami waves and include no such provisions. In 2004, a 9.3M _w seaquake occurred off the northwest coast of Aceh, which generated tsunami waves that caused destruction in Malaysia totalling US$ 25 million and 68 deaths. This event prompted an awareness of the need to study the reliability of fixed offshore platforms scattered throughout Malaysian waters. In this paper, we present a review of research on the seismicity of the Manila Trench, which is perceived to be high risk for Southeast Asia. From the tsunami numerical model TUNA-M2, we extract computer-simulated tsunami waves at prescribed grid points in the vicinity of the platforms in the region. Using wave heights as input, we simulate the tsunami using SACS v5.3 structural analysis software of offshore platforms, which is widely accepted by the industry. We employ the nonlinear solitary wave theory in our tsunami loading calculations for the platforms, and formulate a platform-specific risk quantification system. We then perform an intensive structural sensitivity analysis and derive a corresponding platform-specific risk rating model.     

海上风机导管架基础钢管桩稳桩平台结构强度分析

海上风机导管架基础钢管桩沉桩施工通常需要专门的稳桩平台辅助进行。结合作业工艺要求、海洋环境条件和相关规范,对钢管桩稳桩平台进行结构设计。采用SESAM软件和ANSYS Workbench软件分别对稳桩平台整体结构强度和吊耳局部结构强度进行计算分析,并根据规范对计算结果进行评估。结果表明,稳桩平台整体结构强度和吊耳局部结构强度均满足规范要求。该计算分析方法同样适用于海上升压站导管架基础、海上单桩基础稳桩平台或其他类似导管架结构的强度评估。     

水套炉在渤海油田伴生气回收中的应用研究

海上油田一般有大量伴生气,如果不加以利用,将是极大的浪费。通过对目前海上平台加热设备的总结和比较,分析了热介质锅炉和水套炉的优点和缺点及各自的适用情况。在热用户较为单一,热负荷不高的海上平台应用水套炉技术,能有效回收利用油田伴生气,提高油田经济效益。     

导管架海洋平台可靠性指标模糊优化分配方法

提出了近海导管架平台结构可靠性指标分配的模糊优化方法.该方法使导管架海洋平台在尺寸、重量、造价等约束条件下,体系达到模糊最优可靠性.文章从寻找结构主要失效模式、结构整体可靠度指标求解、结构子系统可靠度指标分配三个环节进行研究,得到了较为满意的结果.     

Design of offshore structures against accidental ship collisions

In this paper, we investigate the damage to offshore platforms subjected to ship collisions. The considered scenarios are bow and stern impacts against the column of a floating platform and against the jacket legs and braces. The effect of the ship–platform interaction on the distribution of damage is studied by modeling both structures using nonlinear shell finite elements. A supply vessel of 7500-ton displacement with bulbous bow is modeled. A comprehensive numerical analysis program is conducted, and the primary findings are described herein. The collision forces from the vessel are compared with the suggested force–deformation curves in the NORSOK code. For collisions with floating platforms we particularly focus on the crushing behavior and potential penetration of the bulbous bow and stern sections into the cargo tanks or void spaces of semi-submersible platforms. For fixed jacket platforms we investigate whether jacket braces can penetrate into the ship without being subjected to significant plastic bending or local denting.Adequate treatment of the relative strength between the interacting bodies is especially relevant for impacts with high levels of available kinetic energy, for which shared energy or strength design is aimed at. Simplifying one body as rigid quickly leads to overly conservative and/or costly solutions, and is in some cases non-conservative.The numerical analysis is used to develop a novel pressure–area relation for the deformation of the bulbous bow and stern corners of the supply vessel. Procedures for strength design of the stiffened panels are discussed. Refined methods and criteria are proposed for strength design of platforms, including both floating and jacket structures. The adequacy of the NORSOK design guidance for collisions against jacket legs is evaluated. The characteristic strength of a cylindrical column is used to develop a novel criterion for the resistance to local denting from stern corners and bulbous bows.     

我国海上导管架平台抗冰锥体的设计实践

冰激振动是渤海重冰区导管架平台的主要危害.渤海重冰区导管架平台在腿柱上安装了抗冰锥体,基本解决了平台冰激振动问题.主要阐述了抗冰锥体的基本抗冰原理和设计方法,分析了渤海典型导管架平台抗冰锥体的设计实践,对渤海重冰区导管架平台和抗冰锥体的设计提出了建议.     

Experimental investigation on scour development and scour protection for offshore converter platform

Local scour around the offshore converter platform caused by current and wave will lead to the instability of foundation. A series of experiments are performed to investigate the scour development and scour protection of the offshore converter platform. The development and evolution characteristics of the local scour around the gravity based structure foundation under the actions of current flow and wave are analyzed. The results show that the edge scour mainly occurs at the lateral sides of the platform and the scour pits are symmetrical about the centerline of the platform in the streamwise flow direction. The scour depth around the gravity based structure increases with the increase of flow velocity. The inclination and collapse of the platform is observed at α = 90° and U₀ = 0.25 m/s. The sand ripples are observed around the gravity based structure under the wave action, and the scour depth increases with the increase of wave height and wave period. Based on the comparisons of different scour protection methods, the combined bionic grass-geotextile-riprap protection has the best scour protection efficiency for the offshore converter platform.