共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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将疏水催化剂应用于水相消氢可以提高电解水制氧装置的氧气纯度.本文以聚苯乙烯 - 二乙烯基苯(SDB)树脂为载体制备了高度分散的Pt/SDB疏水催化剂,并将其应用于水相消氢实验中.结果表明,6%的Pt/SDB催化剂消氢活性最高.在H2/O2空速(GHSV)10 000 h-1,水流量30 L/h,温度60 ℃时,氢气消除率达到了80%.采用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪对制备的催化剂进行了表征.分析发现,制备的催化剂具有良好的疏水性,Pt已被还原为0价态并以高度分散态存在,平均粒径小于5 nm. 相似文献
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《江苏科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2010,(6)
针对高氯酸盐的污染问题,采用化学还原法和同步修饰法成功制备了高稳定的强还原剂CMC-纳米铁(CMC-Fe)微粒.透射电镜、X射线衍射及红外光谱研究表明,CMC-Fe平均粒径小于20 nm,具有良好的分散性和稳定性;ClO4-还原降解研究表明,反应遵循表观一级动力学规律,表观速率常数与还原剂用量和温度呈正相关,而与pH值呈负相关;当ClO4-初始浓度为20 mg/L,降解初始pH值为4.0,CMC-Fe用量为0.5 g/L,反应温度为35℃时,辅以超声波作用,ClO4-降解率可达95.2%;与普通纳米铁相比,CMC-Fe对高氯酸盐的降解率和反应速率分别提高了2.9和6.5倍. 相似文献
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纳米纤维的制备和应用是纳米材料研究中极为活跃的领域和发展前沿。静电纺丝法作为一种能够直接、连续制备聚合物纳米纤维的方法,受到广泛关注。本文利用电纺技术制备了聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alconhol,PVA)纳米纤维,考察了PVA溶液静电纺丝中PVA浓度,纺丝电压和接收距离等电纺参数对PVA纤维形成及其微观形貌的影响。实验结果表明,PVA浓度对PVA纤维形成和形貌起决定作用,随PVA浓度的提高,块体转变为均匀纤维,纤维直径逐渐增加;当接收距离和溶液流速恒定时,随纺丝电压的提高,纤维平均直径有缓慢提高的趋势;接收距离几乎不影响PVA纳米纤维的微观形貌。通过实验确定了制备PVA纳米纤维最佳条件为:电纺溶液组成为10%PVA水溶液,纺丝电压:15kV,流速:0.5mL/h,接收距离:15cm。 相似文献
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采用传统的基于图像处理的检测方法对高速公路抛落物进行检测不仅耗时耗力,而且检测效果不理想,为解决该问题,提出一种基于Faster R-CNN的深度学习检测方法.在原始Faster R-CNN的基础上,采用残差网络Resnet101代替传统的VGG-16网络和ZFNet网络,作为图像特征提取网络;采用尺寸为4像素、8像素和16像素的锚框代替原始锚框,得到高速公路抛落物检测模型.采用自制的高速公路抛落物数据集对该检测方法的有效性进行验证,结果显示,采用该方法检测的平均准确率达到了91.75%,相比原始的Faster R-CNN算法和yolov3算法,分别提高了7.02%和11.13%. 相似文献
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为评价不同空化模型对低温流体空化过程流场特性预测的适用性,文章通过对CFX软件的二次开发,将Kubota、Merkle和Kunz三种空化模型和液氮、液氢随温度变化的物性参数引入到CFX求解代码中,同时在求解的能量方程中添加汽化潜热影响,从而在考虑热力学效应条件下,开展了液氮绕水翼空化流动和尖顶拱在液氢中空化流动的三维数值模拟研究,并将计算结果与试验数据进行对比,实现了对不同空化模型适用性的评价。结果表明:三种空化模型计算的空化区域液相分布特性不同,空泡长度和厚度有差别;由于空化模型方程源相体现的质量传输机理不同,导致热力学效应下空化区域压强分布和温降存在差异;Kubota空化模型可有效预测液氮空化流场压强分布,Merkle模型可较好地反映空化区域温降,Kunz模型计算的结果与试验数据差别最大。 相似文献
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Experiments were conducted to study characteristics of flow when flow is fluctuating. The experimental results showed a phase
difference between the flow rate and the pressure drop fluctuations. This phase difference between the fluctuating flow rate
and pressure drop was analyzed for laminar flow. Analysis showed that the phase difference changes with the period of the
flow fluctuation, the pipe radius, the density and the dynamic viscosity of the liquid. Fluctuating pipe flow was then numerically
simulated. Results of the numerical simulation were compared with theoretical values and experimental results. It was shown
that, when the flow rate fluctuates with time as a sine wave, the pressure drop fluctuates with the same periodicity, and
there is a phase difference between them. 相似文献
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为提高有效氯溶液对船舶尾气同时脱硫、脱硝的性能,将紫外光(UV)辐照与有效氯溶液相结合,开展脱硫、脱硝试验。基于UV-鼓泡光催化反应器搭建模拟实验平台,进行UV辐照和无UV辐照环境下氧化溶液脱硫脱硝的对比试验和UV灯的功率、有效氯的浓度等因素对脱除率影响的试验。结果表明:在40℃的气液反应温度下,UV辐照能大幅度提高浓度为250 mg/L[CL2]的有效氯溶液对模拟烟气中NO、NOX和SO2的脱除能力;UV灯的功率从5W增加到16W,NO和NOX的脱除率近乎线性上升;将有效氯的浓度从250 mg/L[CL2]升高至1 500 mg/L[CL2],NO和NOX的脱除率缓慢上升;有效氯溶液对SO2的脱除率始终为100%。此外,对可能的反应机理进行了分析。 相似文献
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模化理论是核反应堆安全系统试验验证的基础。文中以国外某核电厂的非能动余热排出系统为对象,通过模化分析确定一回路失电事故工况下非能动余热排出系统的模化比例系统;采用RELAP5/MOD3.2软件对工程原型和模化系统进行了数值计算,数值结果验证了非能动余热排出系统模化分析的正确性。 相似文献
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The modern hydrological regime of the Dead Sea is strongly affected by anthropogenic activity. The natural fresh water budget has changed mainly due to the drastic reduction of runoff. Since 1977, the surface level of the Dead Sea has been lowered by an average rate of about 60 cm/year and for the period from 1998 to 2000, the lowering rate has reached about 100 cm/year. As a result of the runoff reduction, the upper layer salinity of the Dead Sea has increased and the gravitational stability of the water body was diminished. Eventually, during the winter of 1978–1979, the lake waters overturned, bringing to an end the long-term stable meromictic1 hydrological regime. The lake entered a new phase in which its hydrological regime switches between holomictic and meromictic regimes, depending on the size of the runoff into the lake (i.e. the amount of precipitation in the lake's watershed). The first holomictic period, 1979–1980, lasted for 2 months only. It was succeeded by a 4-year meromictic period (1980–1983). The second holomictic period lasted for 9 years (1983–1991). The rainy winter of 1991–1992 resulted in an almost 2-m sea level rise. The upper layer with a relatively low salinity was restored and a new meromictic period persisted for 4 years, until winter 1995–1996. During the last meromictic period, the hydrological regime of the Dead Sea was characterized by following long-term trends: the depth of the summer thermocline increased from 12–15 to 25–30 m; the quasi-salinity of the upper layer, initially of about 164 kg/m3, increased rapidly at a rate of about 16–18 kg/m3/year; the quasi-salinity of the deep water, initially of about 235 kg/m3, decreased slowly at a rate of about 0.08–0.10 kg/m3/year (for the sake of comparison, a quasi salinity of 235 kg/m3 is the equivalent of 280‰ “usual” salinity); and the winter minimal temperature of the upper layer, initially of about 16 °C, increased rapidly at a rate of about 2 °C/year. In November 1995, the latest meromictic period of the Dead Sea came to an end. During the present holomictic period, 1996–2000, the hydrological regime of the Dead Sea is also characterized by long-term trends: the quasi-salinity of the entire Dead Sea increased at a rate of about 0.5 kg/m3/year, with practically no decrease during the winters; the temperature of the deep water mass increased with a rate of about 0.25 °C/year; and the period of vertical convection of the entire water column, initially about 3 months, increased at a rate of about 1 week/year. Moreover, we observed that the temperature and salinity of the bottom layer in the deepest part of the Dead Sea raised by about 0.5–0.6 °C and 0.15–0.25 kg/m3 during each holomictic summer. 相似文献