Hybrid Laboratory Test Method for Anti-Lock Systems

SUMMARY

Railway vehicles with steered axles possess some unique dynamic characteristics. This paper reviews the reasons for the differences between these and more conventional vehicles and examines the results of analysis demonstrating the sensitivity of the phenomena to various mass, stiffness and geometric parameters. The implications which these results carry are discussed in terms of their design importance and their effect upon the performance boundaries of steel-wheeled rail vehicles. This review shows that a profound understanding of steered axle railway vehicles is developing and that this leads to the conclusion that a wide range of applications can benefit from their use.     

Some Design Aspects of Anti-Lock Brake Systems for Commercial Vehicles

In this paper a simulation model of tractor-semitrailers suitable for design and performance analysis of anti-lock systems is presented. The model is used to evaluate the effects of various methods of prediction and reselection of the anti-lock system on the braking performance of tractor-semitrailers. The characteristics and the equivalent control logic of a commercially available anti-lock system are examined and its deficiencies are identified. To rectify these deficiencies, improved methods of prediction and reselection are proposed. A comparison of the slip characteristics and braking effectiveness between the proposed and the commercially available systems is made. The effects of various types of control logic on the steerability and directional stability of tractor-semitrailers and on the air consumption of the brake systems will be examined in a separate paper.     

Some Design Aspects of Anti-Lock Brake Systems for Commercial Vehicles

SUMMARY

In this paper a simulation model of tractor-semitrailers suitable for design and performance analysis of anti-lock systems is presented. The model is used to evaluate the effects of various methods of prediction and reselection of the anti-lock system on the braking performance of tractor-semitrailers. The characteristics and the equivalent control logic of a commercially available anti-lock system are examined and its deficiencies are identified. To rectify these deficiencies, improved methods of prediction and reselection are proposed. A comparison of the slip characteristics and braking effectiveness between the proposed and the commercially available systems is made. The effects of various types of control logic on the steerability and directional stability of tractor-semitrailers and on the air consumption of the brake systems will be examined in a separate paper.     

混合动力电动汽车测试方法

在满足常规车辆测试指标的前提下,混合动力汽车能更好地体现节能减排的优势。根据动力总成结构特点和布置方式的不同,介绍了混合动力汽车（HEV）串联式、并联式和混联式3种类型的工作原理,比较分析了混合动力汽车4种常用的整车性能评价测试方法及试验内容。从整车和部件的角度出发,列举了混合动力汽车相关标准中规定的性能评价测试指标。指出混合动力汽车在整车和关键零部件测试时,应先满足常规性能要求,然后对排放和燃油经济性进行评价。     

论软土力学指标的室内测试方法

分析了先期固结压力对软土力学指标的试验影响及土工试验规程中加载方式存在的问题，对软土强度室内试验方法提出了修正意见。     

Development of an Anti-Lock Brake System for Motorcycle

An Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) system is developed for motorcycles using different control laws to improve the safety during emergent braking conditions. The mechanical design problem is first investigated so as to modify a scooter to be equipped with the proposed ABS brake system and to set up experimental test stand. For ABS control, the slip control, P1R3, and P2R4 methods are used to implement the controller using an Intel 80196KC single chip microcomputer. The hard-ware-in-the-loop (HITL) simulation is also performed in PC to check the performance in various road conditions including dry and wet roads. It is found experimentally that both P1R3 and P2R4 can both achieve ABS function, but P2R4 performs more desirably than P1R3 method.     

Development of an Anti-Lock Brake System for Motorcycle

SUMMARY

An Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) system is developed for motorcycles using different control laws to improve the safety during emergent braking conditions. The mechanical design problem is first investigated so as to modify a scooter to be equipped with the proposed ABS brake system and to set up experimental test stand. For ABS control, the slip control, P1R3, and P2R4 methods are used to implement the controller using an Intel 80196KC single chip microcomputer. The hard-ware-in-the-loop (HITL) simulation is also performed in PC to check the performance in various road conditions including dry and wet roads. It is found experimentally that both P1R3 and P2R4 can both achieve ABS function, but P2R4 performs more desirably than P1R3 method.     

Novel Bench-Based Inspection Approach for Automobile Anti-Lock Braking System

Bench inspection approach for automobile Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) has gained research interests recently due to its high efficiency, small site occupation and insusceptibility to environment influences. The current work proposed a novel systematic bench inspection approach for ABS. In order to dynamically simulate various road adhesion coefficients, torque controllers are used for loading different torques to the drums. Furthermore, flywheels are adopted to simulate the translational inertia of the vehicle braking on road for compensating the inertial energy of ABS road experiment on the bench. The principal component analysis (PCA) is applied for accurate and efficient data analysis. The automatic evaluation of ABS is achieved by using the processed PCA data as an input to the back-propagation (BP) neural network classifier. The experiments established that the new approach can accurately simulate various road braking conditions. It can be carried out for the inspection of ABS installed in the car.     

沥青混合料中温车辙试验研究

利用改进的能够调整轮碾速度的车辙试验机,对AC20开展了30、45℃和60℃时不同轮压及轮碾速度下的车辙试验。试验结果表明,在45℃试验温度下,重载和低速的联合影响很容易使AC20的车辙指标值劣于60℃、标准轮压和标准轮碾速度条件下的结果;而在30℃试验温度下,即使有重载和低速的联合影响,AC20的车辙指标值仍然好于60℃、标准轮压和标准轮碾速度条件下的结果。分析结果说明寒冷地区沥青路面车辙的产生除因为沥青混合料高温稳定性不足外,还需要考虑中温时间段内重载和低速引起的变形。根据分析结果,建议寒冷地区沥青混合料车辙试验方法除需要将试验温度调整为45℃以外,同时还需要根据道路交通状况设定重载低速的试验条件。     

我国在用汽车尾气检测——简易工况法

介绍我国在用车尾气排放检测的现状,结合国外在用车尾气排放检测方法及应用经验,简述四种简易工况法的测试原理及优越性,最后提出我国在用车尾气排放检测的趋势。     

环保先行 试驾安凯混合动力公交车

<正>上海世博会如期举行,如何使城市让生活更美好,也许你在参观后会知晓答案,即使不进馆内参观,也能感受到未来城市的环境。为了实现世博园区内汽车零     

降噪功能型微表处室内试验

微表处是一种路面罩面技术,适用于交通量大、重载车辆多、车速快、刹车性能要求高的高等级公路,但目前微表处路面行车噪声较大。通过室内试验研究,采用添加3%橡胶粉和2%环氧树脂工艺生产的降噪微表处混合料,可在满足基本路用性能的前提下,显著减低轮胎、路面噪声。降低路面刚度是一种直接有效的降噪手段。     

室内土工试验颗粒分析试验用水的探讨

颗粒分析试验是岩土工程勘察室内土工试验常用的试验方法,主要用于测定土样中各种粒径土颗粒的含量,为土的工程定名、地基土液化判别、地下工程及水利堤防工程设计施工等提供依据。颗粒分析试验用水根据国家规范采用纯水。在工程实践中,纯水的来源和制取给试验应用带来不便,并且增加了试验成本。通过采用自来水和纯水分别作为颗粒分析试验用水,对试验结果进行对比分析,探讨自来水替代纯水的可行性。     

重型混合动力客车转鼓试验的阻力设定方法研究

对重型混合动力客车道路行驶阻力的不同计算模型的分析发现,计算的行驶阻力与道路滑行试验测量结果误差较大.利用转鼓阻力的系数设定和多点设定两种方法对同一辆重型混合动力客车进行试验.结果表明,两种方法所确定的转鼓模拟的汽车道路行驶阻力与道路试验值的误差均小于3%,说明转鼓试验能足够准确地模拟道路行驶阻力.     

水泥土添加剂的室内试验

通过分别对加有SN-Ⅱ高效减水剂、Al(OH)3和CaCl2早强剂以及不加添加剂的水泥土进行7、28、90 d龄期的微观结构分析试验,结合无侧限抗压强度试验,研究水泥土添加剂的作用机理。结果表明:添加剂SN-Ⅱ的宏观力学性质表现为水泥土28 d强度有明显提高,添加剂Al(OH)3和CaCl2的宏观力学性质表现为水泥土7、28、90 d强度均有明显提高。微观结构分析表明:添加剂SN-Ⅱ不参与水泥土的水化反应,对水泥土的影响主要体现在改变水化速度和水化产物空间结构上;添加剂Al(OH)3和CaCl2既参与水泥土水化反应,又可改变其水化速度和空间结构。     

公路路基膨胀土实验室循环试验研究

该文选取公路经过区域有代表性的膨胀土土样,在实验室对土样的一些常用工程指标进行反复的循环试验,揭示了膨胀土或其与普通土的混合土在反复干湿作用下所具有的变化规律,可为膨胀土地区修建二级公路时修筑、处治路基提供依据及参考。     

粉喷桩水泥土室内试验研究

为了解粉喷桩处理软土地基中水泥的掺入量与水泥土的强度关系、水泥土强度随龄 期的增长而增大的规律。结合试验路段土样进行试验研究,取得了结论,有重要参考价值。     

Downhill Assist Control Method for Hybrid Electric Vehicle

为提高混合动力汽车(HEV)下坡过程中的安全性和燃油经济性,基于HEV电机制动力矩可精确调节、制动能量可回收的特点,提出了一种下坡主动安全控制方法.结合对驾驶员坡道驾驶意图的识别,建立分层控制系统架构;根据目标车速计算制动力矩,制定制动力矩在各制动子系统间的分配和动态协调策略,并进行仿真验证.结果表明,该方法在提高下坡路段HEV行驶安全性和燃油经济性的同时,减轻了驾驶员的操纵负担,改善了乘员的乘坐舒适性.