沥青自愈合阶段组分扩散的分子动力学研究

为了研究沥青在自愈合时各组分的扩散行为,采用分子模拟的方法,利用沥青四组分分析法建立沥青分子模型,并用沥青分子建立裂缝模型.模拟了不同温度、压强和老化条件下沥青四组分在愈合时的扩散过程,得到愈合模型的密度和均方位移曲线,并模拟计算了各组分的扩散系数.结果 表明:沥青裂缝模型愈合分为3个过程,分别是密度恢复阶段、结构恢复...     

Investigation on Zener-Hollomon Parameter in the Warm-Hot Deformation Behavior of CF53

The warm-hot deformation behavior of CF53 steel was studied with hot compression tests at temperature of 1 123 ~1 273 K and strain rate of 0.1~20 s -1 . The activation energy for warm-hot deformation is 274.816 kJ/mol. The influences of Zener-Hollomon parameter, strain and grain size imposing on the flow stress were analyzed in the temperature range of warm-hot forging. Based on the creep theory and mathematic theory of statistics, mathematical models of flow stress were obtained. The results provide a scientific basis for controlling microstructure of forging process through Zener-Hollomon parameter.     

船舶大型构件焊接变形的分析与控制

船体大型结构件的焊接变形直接影响船舶制造的质量和精度．对船体大型结构件焊接变形产生的各种原因,以及影响因素进行分析;提出根据船舶结构的焊接特点,选择合理的焊接工艺措施和参数以减小焊接变形,从而提高船舶制造的质量和精度．     

Computer Simulation of Thermal-Mechanical Processing

AlterationIntroductionThereisastrongini6ractionamongtemPetalrefield,strCssfield,andmicrosttuctutulaltOrationinm8terialsduringtheirhotworking[l'2].Especiallyduringthecoolingprocess,inwhichtemPeratorechangnsgreatly,intendionsbecomemorecomplexbecauseoftransformationoccurmnce.Duringthehotdeformation,thingswillaPpearsuchas:a.hotdeformation,relatedtostressfieId,changesessentiallytheshaPeofmaterialsandcausesthevariationofthecontactstatebetWeenthedieandsample,resultinginchangeofthethermalboundnyco…     

Numerical Simulation of Coupled Thermo-mechanical Behavior of a Cylinder Billet during Hot-forging Process

IntroductionInhotforging,variationanddistributiol1oftemperatureplayveryimportantroIeinviewofthermalstressesorthermalstrainaswe1lasthemateria1properties.MechanicaldefOrmationcangenerateheatbyfrictionalslidingand/ordissipatiOI1ofplasticwork.Theboundaryconditionfortemperatureismodifiedbythechangeinmaterialshape.Dietemperatureusuallyislowerthanworkpiecetemperatureandthisfactresultsindiechilling.Itsignificantlyaffectsthetemperatureoftheworkpiecea11d,consequently,alterstheflowstress.Whenthedieisr…     

钢轨加压铝热焊的研究

为了提高钢轨常规铝热焊的接头质量,作者对钢轨加压铝热焊工艺进行了试验研究.结果表明,这种工艺使铸态焊缝变窄,母材产生一定塑性变形,接头韧性大幅度提高,是既能保证接头质量又便于现场生产使用的一种工艺.     

Numerical Simulation of Projection Welding Processes for Door Hinge of Automobile Based on Coupled Fields Analysis

Projection welding is a variation of electric resistance welding with the dynamic changes of the flow paths for heat and electrical properties with changing temperature caused by the large plastic deformation collapse of projection. As the joint type between the auto door hinge and the inner plate, projection welding may bring welding distortions and would affect the assembly quality of auto body. A comprehensive electric-thermal-mechanical numerical simulation was performed to quantitatively simulate the processes of projection welding by using a coupled finite element method. The mechanism of projection collapse and the formation process of nugget were discussed and good conclusions have been achieved comparing with the test results.     

大型船体焊接变形控制与校正技术研究

本文分析了焊接变形产生的原因和种类,强调在船体设计、结构设计、施工工艺等方面如何控制焊接变形,总结控制船体焊接变形方法和矫正的工艺方法。     

突缘叉模锻件折叠缺陷分析

通过对缺陷的内部结构进行分析,发现突缘叉锻件法兰底面产生缺陷的主要原因是模锻前制坯工艺不合理,造成模锻时金属回流,产生折叠.提出改进制坯工艺消除锻件的缺陷的方案,经工艺和生产验证,消除了锻件缺陷,提高了锻件质量,取得满意效果,该工艺的成功应用,可为同类型产品的生产提供借鉴.     

点焊电极点焊镀锌钢板的失效分析

本文对Ｃｒ—Ｃｒ—Ｃｕ合金材料制造的电极在点焊镀锌钢板时的失效形式进行了分析．结果表明：Ｃｒ—Ｚｒ－Ｃｕ合金材料制造的电极在点焊镀锌钢板时的失效形式主要是电极头部的塑性变形、电极端面的合金化以及再结晶和粘附。点焊镀锌钢板时电极失效的主要原因是Ｃｒ—Ｚｒ—Ｃｕ名金材料的软化温度低，点焊温度下的硬度、强度低和端面的合金化。     

Numerical analysis of unconventional forging process of hollowed shaft from Ti-6Al-4V alloy

This paper presents theoretical analysis of unconventional forging process of hollowed shaft from Ti-6Al-4V alloy in a three-slide forging press. This method in comparison with other metal forming methods allows for obtaining of hollowed products. The designed process is verified theoretically by means of numerical simulations based on finite element method with assumption of 3D state of strain. The following factors are considered in the analysis: material flow kinematics, strain distribution, temperature distribution and force of process. On the basis of results, it is stated that the application of designed technology allows for obtaining of a product of assumed quality. A comparison is made between material consumption in analyzed process and material consumption in typical metal forming methods, also in used at present technology of shaft manufacturing by machining only. It is stated that the application of forging in the three-slide forging press allows for a considerable decrease of manufacturing costs due to material savings and decrease of labor consumption of operations at finishing.     

基于Simufact的焊接应力的对比分析

焊接部位要经历不均匀的加热和冷却历程,最终在焊接结构中产生应力,焊接应力会导致焊接接头产生冷、热裂纹等缺陷,焊接结构破坏事故许多是由焊接应力和变形所引起。因此,为了提高焊接结构的质量和使用性能,简化焊条电弧焊焊接的实验过程,本文运用Simufact-Welding软件对Q345钢的T形接头进行平焊仿真,对比分析了焊件不完全约束和完全约束两种方法下在焊接过程中和冷却过程中熔合线处的应力。结果表明：该仿真过程中,其它参数相同的情况下,不同的焊件装夹方法得到不同结果的焊接应力,焊接过程中,两种方法下大部分熔合线处的等效应力的最大值大于Q345的屈服强度,焊件不完全约束方法下大部分熔合线处的残余应力大于Q345的屈服强度,焊件完全约束方法下大部分熔合线处的残余应力小于Q345的屈服强度。     

Multi-scale simulation for the forming of a heavy vessel head considering the evolution of defects and microstructure

The head of nuclear pressure vessel is a key component to guarantee the safety of nuclear power plant, so it is necessary to improve its mechanical properties during manufacturing. In the practical production, due to the huge size of the ingots from which the head is manufactured, coarse grains and voids are common defects existing in the material. Furthermore, cracks may appear in the forming process. It is highly demanded that the forming process must be properly designed with suitable parameters to compact the voids, to refine and homogenize the grains and to avoid cracks. Therefore, the research on the evolution of internal voids, grain size and cracks is very important to determine the forming process of huge components. SA508-3 steel is the material to manufacture the head of pressure vessel in the nuclear island. In the previous studies, we have separately built models to evaluate the evolution of internal voids, grain size and cracks during the hot forming process for SA508-3 steel. This study integrates the models for multi-scale simulation of the forging process of the head of nuclear pressure vessel in order to control the quality of the forgings. Through the software development, the models are integrated with a commercial finite element code DEFORM. Then, the extended forging and final forging processes of the head are investigated, and some appropriate deformation parameters are recommended.     

Simulation and analysis of microstructure evolution of IN718 in rotary forgings by FEM

A numerical analysis was performed to study the in?uence of process parameters on the microstruc-ture evolution of IN718 alloy in rotary forging using the finite element method(FEM).For this purpose, a constitutive equation considering the effects of strain hardening and dynamic softening of IN718 alloy was built.The constitutive equation and microstructure models were implemented into the finite element code to investigate the microstructure evolution during rotary forging subject to large deformations.The simulations were carried out in the ratio of initial height to diameter range 0.2-0.8, the angle of the rocker 3°-7° and the relative feed per revolution range 0.01-0.1 r-1.The research results revealed the deformation mechanism and the correlation of process parameters with the grain size evolution of IN718 alloy during rotary forging.These provide evidence for the selection of rotary forging parameters.     

铝合金货车侧墙多道焊变形预测

基于热弹塑性有限元法,对铝合金货车侧墙多道焊焊接变形进行仿真预测,仿真中充分考虑了材料热物理属性的影响．基于实体一壳单元混合模型,建立了侧墙有限元网格模型,应用3D高斯双椭球热源模型实现了焊接过程温度场分析．从工程实际出发设计了四种焊接顺序,通过对四种焊序下仿真结果的对比分析,讨论了不同焊接顺序对铝合金货车侧墙焊接成形的影响,为研究大型铝合金薄板焊接过程中的应力应变和减少焊接应力与变形提供了参考依据．     

Effect of rotation speed on temperature field and axial shortening of inertia friction welded GH4169 joints by numerical simulation

A 2D finite element model was established for inertia friction welding of GH4169 nickel-base superalloy based on the ABAQUS environment. The remeshing and map solution techniques were adopted to solve the problem of element distortion. The effect of rotation speed on the temperature field and axial shortening of joints was investigated. The results show that the interface temperature increases rapidly to higher than 900°C within 1 s. And then, it increases slowly to a quasi-stable value. The axial shortening begins to augment quickly when a uniform interface temperature field has formed and the plasticized material is extruded from the interface to form an obvious flash. The rotation speed of the flywheel controls the welding process and has a significant influence on the temperature evolution and axial shortening of joints.     

控制内河小型船舶焊接变形的办法

本文针对小型推（拖）轮船体在焊接过程中易产生焊接变形的问题,提出了在焊接设计时应注意的事项,以及整体造船焊接程序、焊接方法及焊接规范,并给出了相应的焊接工艺要求,有利于提高船舶建造质量。     

Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Modeling of Long Cone-Shaped Forging Based on Rigid Visco-Plastic FEM

Based on synthetically considering the coupled thermo-mechanical relations between temperature and deforming,a numerical simulation of the forging process for the special long cone-shaped workpiece of Al-5.44M-2.15L-0.12Zr alloy at high temperature was conducted by using the rigid visco-plastic finite element method.The relations between the total load and the displacement druing the forging ,and the distributions of stress,strain,temperature and strain rate,which can provide useful information for the process design,are obtained.     

Microstructure Evolution of Different Forging Processes for 12％Cr Steel During Hot Deformation

Five forging experiments were designed and conducted to investigate the effect of process parameters on microstructure evolution during hot deformation for X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1 steel.The experimental results indicated that average grain size became finer with the increasing number of upsetting and stretching.Especially,the size of stretching three times with upsetting twice had the most remarkable effect on refinement,and the size was only 27.36%of the original one.Moreover,the stress model was integrated into the software and finite element models were established.Simulation results demonstrated that the strain at center point of workpiece was far larger than critical strain value in each process,so that dynamic recrystallization(DRX) occurred in each workpiece,which implied DRX could occur for several times with the increasing number of upsetting and stretching,and uniform finer microstructure would be obtained.However,the results also showed that higher temperature was an unfavorable factor for grain refinement,so the times of heating should be limited for workpiece,and as many forging processes as possible should be finished in once heating.     

沥青混合料分子模拟技术综述

分析了沥青混合料分子模拟技术的基本原理、主要实现手段和模拟流程, 研究了沥青分子模型构建的2类主要方法, 总结了不同时期的沥青质结构模型与不同应用场合中的集料模型, 探讨了沥青扩散现象、外加剂对沥青性能的影响机理、沥青与再生剂的融合、沥青-集料的界面作用模拟影响因素以及水、沥青老化等因素对沥青-集料黏附性的影响等问题, 展望了沥青路面材料分子模拟技术的未来研究方向。研究结果表明: 分子模拟技术可以从微观角度探究道路工程材料的性能变化与内在机理, 为材料的精确设计和定量分析奠定基础; 分子组装法是目前沥青分子模型构建的重要思路, 能够有效表征沥青材料的物化和力学特性; 集料模型的构建思路主要是根据集料的化学成分来选择构建相关晶胞, 进而代表集料的宏观特性; 分子模拟技术动态展现了沥青的扩散过程, 体现了内部各组分的扩散速率; 利用分子模拟技术可以分析沥青自愈行为的过程, 并提出不同指标来表征了各个阶段的愈合速率; 借助分子模拟技术, 可以从微观角度解释和分析沥青内部组分和外加剂对沥青性能影响; 在沥青-再生剂融合研究中, 分子模拟技术可表征再生剂扩散深度、掺入时机与再生机理等问题; 在沥青-集料界面作用研究中, 分子模拟技术可表征材料的化学组成、加载模式、模型参数与界面接触等因素的影响; 水、温度与沥青的老化等因素将会对沥青-集料界面作用产生重要影响, 通过构建含水模型可将微观模拟与宏观试验联系起来。