Simulation Approach to the Effect of the Ratio Changing Speed of a Metal V-Belt CVT on the Vehicle Response

In regard to the belt and pulley system of a metal V-belt CVT, the characteristics of the ratio changing speed is obtained by experiments. It is summarized in a practical and simple experimental equation. By using this equation a simulation model is developed to analyze the response of a vehicle with a metal V-belt CVT to a rapid pulley ratio change. The simulation results are in reasonable agreements with experimental results.     

Simulation Approach to the Effect of the Ratio Changing Speed of a Metal V-Belt CVT on the Vehicle Response

SUMMARY

In regard to the belt and pulley system of a metal V-belt CVT, the characteristics of the ratio changing speed is obtained by experiments. It is summarized in a practical and simple experimental equation. By using this equation a simulation model is developed to analyze the response of a vehicle with a metal V-belt CVT to a rapid pulley ratio change. The simulation results are in reasonable agreements with experimental results.     

Study on transmitting mechanisms for CVT using a dry hybrid V-belt:: numerical simulation of transmitting forces and pulley thrusts at steady and transitional states

An advanced numerical model is proposed to analyze the power transmitting mechanisms for CVT (Continuously Variable Transmissions) using a dry hybrid V-belt. The model consists of linear springs representing the rigidities of blocks, rubber and cord, and interface elements which identify slippage between a pulley and blocks. By using the present model, forces acting on the belt were calculated not only at steady states but also during transitional states where the speed ratio is shifted. Calculated results well coincide with experimental ones. The behavior of blocks in a pulley groove and the relation between pulley thrusts and the properties of shifting the speed ratio are revealed.     

Numerical investigation on the dynamic characteristics of an automotive A/C hose

The objective of this study is to investigate the dynamic deformation characteristics of an automotive A/C hose assembly using the finite element method and experimentation. The finite element analysis consisted of two analyses, specifically, a modal and a transient analysis. The dynamic modal analysis was conducted to assess the dynamic characteristics of the A/C hose structure, and the dynamic transient analysis was performed to investigate the dynamic stresses of an automotive A/C hose by dynamic loading with particular emphasis on the reinforced braid. Furthermore, the analyses results are expected to provide useful reference data in the design optimization of the hose layout related to the constrained design space. Modal testing was undertaken to verify the FE model. The FE result was in good agreement with the experimental results. The modal analysis result showed that the bending and swing modes of the hose occurred in the first six natural frequencies. The dynamic transient result showed that the maximum stress in the hose components occurred in the reinforced braid layers, which are particularly damage-prone.     

轮胎尺寸对汽车结构疲劳累积损伤影响研究

基于结构耐久试验工况,通过六分力设备与底盘杆系所采集的整车道路载荷谱,应用动力学载荷分解方法获得虚拟随机载荷谱,对车身结构进行应力分析和疲劳累积损伤计算。在底盘关键位置布置传感器,同时在车身结构中CAE疲劳分析所对应的5个高应力区粘贴应变片,先后采用3套不同尺寸参数(包括胎高和胎面宽度)的轮胎以相同的耐久工况(同一个试验场,试验路面及对应的速度相同)来进行实车载荷对比测试。针对车身结构载荷幅值、频域进行分析,并基于雨流循环计数对车身和底盘件进行疲劳累积损伤计算与分析。整车实际测试的结果表明,CAE所预测到的损伤(裂纹)位置及其里程数与路试结果相吻合;在同样使用条件下,轮胎内径越大,车身结构和汽车底盘的寿命越低,已经可进行量化对比。     

汽车排气系统静力学计算及模态分析

建立了某汽车排气系统的有限元模型,并进行了有限元模型的静力学计算和模态分析.静力学计算结果表明,该车辆排气系统各橡胶吊耳处受力相对均匀,系统的最大位移和应力均满足设计要求.模态分析结果表明,怠速和经济转速下发动机的排气激励频率避开了该排气系统的固有频率,使得该系统具有较好的动态特性.     

增压器涡轮轮毂疲劳可靠性分析与寿命预测方法

针对增压器涡轮由离心载荷所引起的轮毂疲劳失效模式,基于装甲车辆柴油机耐久性台架考核试验剖面,分析了增压器在不同工况下运行时涡轮转速的变化规律,计算了涡轮轮毂疲劳危险部位的应力历程.通过对涡轮轮毂疲劳强度模拟试验样件的疲劳性能测试,建立了涡轮轮毂疲劳寿命与应力之间的数学模型.在此基础上,研究了涡轮轮毂的疲劳可靠性分析与寿...     

扭力梁悬架一体化疲劳寿命方法研究

针对某车型扭力梁后悬架出现疲劳断裂的问题,提出了试验方法与计算机辅助工程（ CAE）方法相结合的一体化疲劳分析方法,即利用汽车试验场耐久性试验、MSC PATRAN、MSC NASTRAN、MSC ADAMS分析软件和人工神经网络算法,有效解决疲劳寿命分析中的三个关键问题：快速准确的有限元模型的建立、疲劳应变的计算、疲劳寿命预测。以扭力梁后悬架疲劳寿命分析为例,对比试验测试结果与仿真分析结果表明该一体化疲劳寿命分析方法能在汽车设计开发阶段准确预测汽车零件疲劳寿命。     

热点应力法在汽车驱动桥焊接强度耐久性分析中的应用

针对汽车驱动桥焊接桥壳结构特点,采用热点应力法及CAE技术对其焊接结构强度耐久性进行了模拟分析。为验证热点应力法模拟焊接结构的有效性,对3种标准焊接件、2种驱动桥桥壳焊接部位的强度和耐久性进行了试验与模拟对比分析,结果表明,该方法对焊接部位关键点应力的模拟有效性达70%以上,焊接部位的耐久性模拟寿命均值与试验结果量级相当。     

基于多体动力学的车辆悬架控制臂载荷谱混合分布外推研究

试验场强化路载荷谱外推全寿命载荷谱是汽车构件疲劳耐久性能评判准确性的关键因素，针对参数法外推单分布估计的局限性，引入混合分布估计描述载荷谱多峰或复杂分布的综合特征。基于试验场强化路实车测试，应用多体动力学与有限元联合仿真，提取控制臂危险点应力谱；分别应用单分布和混合分布法解算应力谱拟合优度，以此为据选取应力谱最优均值、幅值概率密度并将应力谱循环外推至10⁶次，应用FKM平均应力修正法编制8级应力谱，依据Miner准则分别从载荷幅值分布、损伤分布以及总损伤量等方面对单分布与混合分布外推应力谱进行综合分析。研究结果表明：应用拟合优度能较好评估两分布对应力谱均、幅值拟合程度，混合分布拟合效果优于单分布，拟合优度均为98%，对应力谱分布特征描述更为精确，可为外推提供较真实的载荷分布概率密度，从而提高外推载荷谱精度；比较应用2种分布拟合的外推载荷谱，损伤分布趋势相近，中级载荷损伤占比高，单分布外推载荷谱总损伤量为6.3×10^-4，大于混合分布外推载荷谱总损伤为5×10^-4，寿命预测偏于保守，导致耐久性设计裕度较大，应用混合分布外推能提高耐久性评估与轻量化设计精度。     

New methodology for determination of load spectra for the vehicle accelerated durability testing associated with the time correlated fatigue damage analysis method

The generation of valid and effective test spectra from proving ground recorded load spectra is critical for automotive durability testing. Traditional methods mostly based on spectrum damage were used to select load spectra. Statistical characteristics of load spectra were taken into account, and a new load spectra determination method based on a concatenation of a multi-section minimum standard deviation spectrum (CMSD) was proposed. The CMSD spectra were created and based on proving ground recorded load spectra. Fatigue damage analyses showed that the CMSD spectra approximated the mean damage spectra and were representative of proving ground load spectra. Subsequently, the CMSD spectra were edited by applying the time correlated fatigue damage (TCFD) analysis method to generate accelerated loading spectra. The spectra editing process of the TCFD was discussed in detail. Validation of the accelerated spectra was conducted from amplitude and frequency domains. The same fatigue damage and identical spectrum properties were retained in the accelerated spectra. A vehicle 4-post testing was finally conducted where the accelerated loading spectra were applied as the target spectra. Several fatigue fracture phenomena occurred during our test, which showed good agreement with the field test. Therefore, the load spectra determination method CMSD associated with the load spectra editing method TCFD were demonstrated reasonable and practical.     

基于S变换的汽车零部件疲劳载荷谱编辑法研究

小波变换和短时傅里叶变换为频域载荷谱编辑方法的主要分析工具,小波变换法分解函数及分解层数难确定和短时傅里叶变换法窗宽固定的缺陷,导致对随机载荷的分析结果存在偏差,影响载荷编辑质量。为解决此问题,基于S变换基本理论,探索S变换在载荷加速编辑领域的应用,对试验场采集的应变信号进行S变换分析提取最大幅值谱,并以此为依据提取轮心六分力信号中的损伤载荷获取加速谱。将S变换、损伤保留、小波变换和短时傅里叶变换加速谱从载荷压缩量、损伤保留比例、功率谱密度、统计参数、穿级计数和疲劳仿真等方面进行对比分析。研究结果表明：基于S变换最大幅值谱可准确识别原始信号中的小损伤载荷;保留相同损伤保留量前提下,S变换加速谱的压缩效率最高且统计参数误差最小;S变换编辑法可将原始载荷时间压缩46.67%,同时加速谱的疲劳分析误差仅为2.2%,可获得与原始载荷相同的分析结果;S变换编辑法在疲劳分析效率和分析精度方面优于损伤保留、小波变换和短时傅里叶变换编辑法;该方法适用于汽车零部件疲劳耐久性分析。     

公轨两用钢桁桥轨道横梁与整体节点连接头的疲劳荷载

为评定公轨两用钢桁桥下层轨道横梁与焊接整体节点连接头在交通荷载作用下的疲劳损伤累积，对该细节在桥梁设计寿命内车辆荷载所产生的疲劳荷栽谱的计算方法进行了研究。在对桥梁的车辆荷载进行分析的基础上，参照各国相关规范，建立了代表桥梁设计寿命内真实运营状况的疲劳荷载模型，并通过全桥三雏有限元分析模拟计算该连接细节所承受的荷载历程。依据疲劳损伤累积理论，确定了公轨两用钢桁桥轨道横梁与整体节点连接头验证性疲劳试验的试验荷栽。结果表明：该连接细节的疲劳损伤荷载基本不受上层汽车的影响，主要取决于轻轨，可以通过直接将轻轨计算结果乘以一定的提高系数得出。     

基于有限元方法的发动机悬置强度改进设计

为解决某车辆发动机悬置橡胶撕裂破坏问题,建立了该发动机悬置的有限元模型,计算所得悬置的垂向刚度与试验结果基本吻合,验证了该模型的有效性。静态模型和动态模型计算结果表明,橡胶垫内部应力集中出现在受力面转角处。对悬置模型进行结构改进,并对改进前、后的试件进行了刚度测量试验和疲劳寿命试验。结果表明,改进后发动机悬置垂向静刚度比原悬置降低了7.5%;静刚度变化率和压缩永久变形量分别为规定限值的32%和6%。     

液压挖掘机斗杆台架疲劳试验载荷等效方法

为了克服斗杆各铰点力分别编制成载荷谱进行疲劳试验加载时各力之间关联特性无法再现的问题,即为了获得能够反映实际工况,且能用于编制台架疲劳试验程序谱的基础载荷数据,提出一种复杂载荷等效方法。首先分别采用三维销轴力传感器、压力传感器、位移传感器和应变片,实测挖掘机工作过程中斗杆与铲斗的铰点力、油缸力、摇杆力、工作姿态及斗杆疲劳关键点应力时间历程;其次根据各铰点力的规律和斗杆的运动特征,确定在斗杆局部坐标系下进行台架疲劳试验的加载方案;再根据斗杆截面应力状态,提出以斗杆最大弯矩截面上应力最大点的应力一致为载荷等效基准,将斗杆上的各铰点力等效为斗杆局部坐标系下的1个单向载荷,最后将该等效载荷加载下斗杆结构上3个疲劳关键点的应力-时间历程与对应测点实测应力-时间历程进行对比。结果表明：2条应力曲线相关程度在1^#测点处达到97.21%,在2^#测点处为91.54%,在3^#测点处,相关程度略低,但也达到88.6%;各疲劳关键点处由等效载荷引起的损伤均与实测应力产生的损伤十分接近,从而验证了载荷等效方法的有效性;按该等效方法求得的等效载荷是编制斗杆疲劳计算载荷谱和台架疲劳试验程序谱的基础数据。     

考虑密封条动态压缩效应的车门动态关闭疲劳仿真与试验研究

为提升车门动态关闭疲劳损伤计算精度，基于 Abaqus仿真不同压缩速率下密封条压缩载荷-压缩量曲线，通过最小二乘法拟合得到密封条动态压缩曲线非线性函数关键参数；在车门动态关闭瞬态响应分析模型中运用密封条动态压缩载荷-变形函数；设计车门开闭耐久试验对标验证锁点力值和损伤。研究结果表明，应用密封条动态压缩载荷函数曲线仿真的锁扣载荷瞬态响应与试验测试力值偏差小且变化趋势基本一致，车门动态关闭疲劳仿真预测结果与耐久试验高度吻合。密封条动态压缩阻尼效应对提升车门关闭耐久仿真精度有重要意义。     

基于变压边力控制的拉深成型数值模拟研究

以非轴对称抛物面汽车矩形车灯反射镜的成形为例,利用Dynaform软件建立有限元分析模型,对定常加载模式、峰形加载模式、减小模式和谷形模式等不同压边力加载模式进行了模拟。通过分析不同压边力加载模式下的模拟结果,并借助Matlab神经网络工具箱获得了合理的压边力加载曲线。     

汽车试验场可靠性试验强化系数的研究

本文按疲劳等损伤寿命原则推导了计算汽车可靠性试验强化系数的数学模型,并在模型中引入损伤因子统计量和频率因子统计量的概念,使影响强化系数的各因素的物理意义更为清晰。本文编制了计算强化系数的软件,对CA141汽车在试验场可靠性试验道路上的载荷谱测试数据进行了处理,计算得到了各种路面组合的综合强化系数。本文提供的方法对各试验场可靠性试验强化系数的分析计算具有普遍参考价值。     

客车空调皮带异常磨损的分析与改善

根据带传动的结构原理和受力情况,对车辆实际运行中所发现的空调传动皮带异常磨损情况进行分析,找出影响传动带工作寿命的因素,然后提出合理的改善方法,优化设计。     

基于FEMFAT的白车身疲劳分析

本文运用FEMFAT软件,对白车身疲劳寿命进行了分析,阐述了从实际路面载荷谱的采集、信号处理、单位应力求解得到最终的疲劳寿命分析,并对比样车疲劳耐久路试结果,仿真分析与试验吻合度高,从而验证了仿真分析的可行性,并形成一套可行性技术流程,为后续整车疲劳寿命分析提供了技术积累。