道路风险分析与评估管理系统研究初探

本研究的目的是初步探讨在我国建立道路风险评估的理论,使之体系化。在大量文献综述的基础上,总结归纳了道路风险的内容,并分析了道路风险具有的客观性、突发性、损害性、随机性和发展性。根据风险管理理论,构建了道路风险评估系统框架,包括道路风险识别系统、道路风险判断系统、道路风险分析系统和道路风险管理决策系统。运用全面、综合、体系化的道路风险评估系统来管理各个道路风险事件,可以减轻或者消除道路风险事件的影响。     

上海市公交专用道建设实施策略和方法研究

分析公交专用道规划实施流程,依托实测数据和国内外研究成果,提出了上海公交专用道设置条件和公交专用道类型及服务水平,针对城市道路网络改扩建计划和交通需求,提出公交专用道的建设策略和道路条件限制时公交专用道实施方法。     

城市交通相关空气污染健康风险研究综述

交通空气污染问题作为交通问题重要部分,因危及到人体健康而越发受到人们的重视.文章将对近年来关于交通空气污染对人体健康影响的相关研究进行综述,并从不同交通空气污染物导致的相关疾病及其与特定污染物暴露研究方法分析介绍,从而更为系统全面了解地交通相关空气污染物作用于人体相关生物机理,为交通相关空气污染控制与防护提供科学依据.     

“中—尼—印铁路通道”线路设计及建设可行性分析

随着我国\"一带一路\"倡议的推进,跨国运输通道的建设成为倡议实施的关键环节之一,而我国建设复杂地质条件下跨国基础设施的经验尚不丰富。\"中—尼—印铁路通道\"是一条途经尼泊尔,连接中国和印度2个大国的运输通道,基于实地考察,分析该通道建设的必要性及建成后的效益,对线路进行初步规划,并总结该通道建设的难点:铁路轨道坡度大;沿线区域地质构造复杂;周边基础设施落后,施工条件恶劣;大量深长隧道以及大跨径高桥梁;环境以及气候条件复杂。同时对沿线隧道以及桥梁的建设可行性进行分析,并给出施工建议:沿线隧道采用以TBM法为主、钻爆法为辅的施工方法;桥梁建设则因地制宜,根据不同区间的地质特点,采用相应的建设方法。     

Investigating the road safety management capacity: Toward a lead agency reform

An efficient management system and leadership body is one of the key requirements for a road safety improvement program. In low- and middle-income countries, the organizational structure of the management system may suffer from deficiencies weakening the institutional functions across key road safety players. Hence, it is necessary to form an inner- and inter-organization evaluation framework encompassing all the processes, events, dependencies, and causation among road safety players. In this paper, a (three-stage) system thinking approach is developed to evaluate the behavior of inter-organizational complex system and to determine major deficiencies in the role of the road safety lead agency. The first stages of the system thinking approach starts with drawing diagrams (i.e. multiple-effect and multiple-criteria trees) that allows identifying the chains of reasoning behind events or consequences. The next stage of the system thinking approach embodies the analytic network process (ANP), an advanced multi-criteria decision-making technique, which handles the lead agency capacity evaluation and helps to determine how and by what magnitude any of the players can affect the national road safety. The proposed method applies to the case of Iran, a middle-income developing country in the Middle East. Since in Iran, the Road Safety Commission (RSC) has been established as the lead agency, it was expected that RSC owns the greatest influence on the status of road safety. However, our results show that the overall influence of RSC on road safety is far less than what was expected. Subsequently, a supplementary procedure is proposed to specify institutional reforms in order to avoid such organizational inefficiencies.