导航数据生产与改进情报资料方案

机载导航数据库的使用不仅提升了飞行安全水平和运行经济效益，也降低了飞行员的工作负荷。而我国机载导航数据库过去一直是由国外公司制作，存在数据不完整、不安全的风险。目前，民航局空管局和波音公司、霍尼韦尔公司正在开展中国民航机载导航数据库合作生产项目，将由空管局自主生产424数据。此文将介绍在导航数据生产过程中因飞行程序设计问题和情报资料质量问题引起的编码困难，进而探讨改进飞行程序和提升航行情报资料质量的方案。     

中海达海洋导航软件的数据处理方法

在水深测量监理的工作中,水深数据的处理是工作的难点。文章通过对常用的水深测量导航软件＂中海达海洋测量导航软件＂的数据处理方法研究,开发出了该常用导航软件的数据处理方法程序,解决了水深测量监理中的关键难点。     

新版3D导航电子地图深圳发布

11月25日,易图通科技(北京)有限公司协同上海梦擎信息技术有限公司、上海研亚软件信息技术有限公司在深圳召开新版导航电子地图产品发布会。与其说今天是易图通发布产品,不如说是电子地图产业链企业共同发布新产品,易图通董事长王志钢介绍,电子地图需要多个公司合作开发,易图通的工作是向各个软件公司提供最好的数据。在易图通数据的基础上,上海梦擎信息技术有限公司     

GPS导航仪“迷航”

随着道路客运事故不断发生,通过智能化监控手段减免事故的发生率,即成为各方的共同愿景。但让人颇为遗憾的是,目前国内生产的GPS导航设备合格率竟然不足三成,严重影响了智能手段效果的发挥,对我国道路客运安全运输的贡献也显现不出来。要想让巴士导航准确地找到目的地,前提是导航本身的质量要过关,如果汽车导航本身就存在质量问题,那就会给使用者带来不小的麻烦。调查显示,不少巴士公司遇到了汽车导航"不给力"造成的麻烦。据国家通信导航设备质量监督检验中心的检测表明,汽车导航产品通过检测合格的竟然不足30%。     

卡车司机北斗定位系统掉线背后

近日,卡车司机金德强因途经唐山市丰润区超限检查站被罚款2000元而自杀使"北斗"成为关注焦点,金德强被罚款原因是"北斗定位系统掉线". 4月8日,一位要求匿名的研究北斗应用的专家表示,北斗系统为用户提供导航信号,由北斗终端接收导航信号并进行定位,车辆监控型终端还须带有移动通信功能,以便将定位数据实时传送至车辆监控平台,由运输企业和交通运输监管部门对车辆运行状况和司机的驾驶行为进行监控和管理.     

无验潮模式下水下地形测量时延确定方法研究

随着无验潮模式水下地形测量的广泛使用,GPSRTK技术也被应用于水下地形测量中.然而由于RTK系统内部算法.数据传输以及编码问题.导致导航数据与测深数据不同步.从而影响水下地形测量的精度.本文在分析时延现象的基础上,给出了无验潮模式下水下地形测量中时延探测算法.并通过实验验证了该算法的准确性.     

船舶通信导航技术

<正>"船舶通信导航技术"团队是大连海事大学"船舶导航系统国家工程研究中心"中以"船舶通信导航技术"为主要研究方向的一个研究团队。该团队的研究方向主要集中在为水上交通安全服务的具有自主知识产权的船舶通信导航技术,包括水上交通安全信息系统、卫星导航接收机技术、卫星导航和海事卫星通信天线技术。这些技术在国内居领先水平,目标是攻克为水上交通通信导航的关键技术,研究具有自主知识产权     

“北斗导航 智慧车联——2016中国车联网创新发展论坛”召开 车联深耕 破冰在即

正近年来,围绕"创变革新"这个时代不变的主题,信息通信技术发展极其迅速,对智能交通系统发展带来了重大变革。车联网、物联网、云计算、大数据、北斗导航等技术在交通领域的应用和发展,不仅给智能交通系统注入新的技术内涵,也对智能交通系统的模式、理念产生了巨大影响。5月25日,"北斗导航智慧车联--2016中国车联网创新发展论坛"在京召开,通过与各相关领域长期跟踪研究并活跃在北斗技术应用、智能交流、车联网研究和应用领域的专家和企业家展     

移动APP测试技术在车辆运行状态检测应用的可行性分析

文章在分析传统车辆运行状态检测技术的原理和方法的基础上,结合移动客户端内置传感器的种类和功能,探究了基于移动客户端APP测试技术检测车辆运行状态的可行性,并依据GPS/INS组合导航方法设计了GPS重调惯导、位置和速度信息组合模式两种检测方案。针对移动客户端采集数据的特征,通过数据有效性检查、采样频率检查与修正、修补丢失数据和数据滤波4个处理环节来消除原始数据中存在的数据无效点、采样点丢失、噪声干扰等缺陷,提高检测数据的可靠度及精度。研究结果表明:利用移动客户端完全可以实现车辆运行状态的检测,从而大大降低了车辆运行状态检测的成本和时间投入。     

北斗初生 点亮交通运输行业“智慧人生”

<正>北斗卫星导航技术最显著的应用就是交通运输。北斗卫星导航的用途远不只如今的车辆导航、运营监控、电子地图……由于智能交通产业与时空信息密切相关,能提供位置和时间信息的北斗卫星导航技术必将被用于智能网络、智能传感、智能管理、智能通信、智能物流等所有智能交通产业中,并形成各种前所未有的新型商业模式。     

铁路隧道钻爆法机械化修建设计关键技术北大核心CSCD

隧道钻爆法机械化修建方法是以全工序高效率大型机械配套为基础,用以解决复杂山区长大山岭隧道安全、优质、高效及经济等施工问题的一种技术方法。文章从隧道设计角度论述了钻爆法机械化修建面临的掌子面安全控制与洞身段变形控制两大关键挑战,并总结了以机械化全断面全地质型施工技术、掌子面稳定性评价方法、掌子面超前主动支护技术、掌子面超前支护“定量化”精准设计技术、低预应力锚杆主动支护技术、早高强喷混凝土主动支护技术、初期支护快速成环封闭技术、围岩形变压力计算方法等为核心的隧道钻爆法机械化修建设计关键技术,为推广应用隧道钻爆法机械化修建方法提供技术支撑。     

国外铁路运营安全效益评价现状及启示

铁路运输在国民经济运行中发挥着重要作用,各国铁路公司都非常重视对铁路运营、安全、效益的管理及评价。国外铁路经过两个世纪的发展,积累了丰富经验,通过分析美国、日本、欧洲等国家和地区的普速、高速铁路,在运营效率评价、运营安全评价、服务质量评价、经营效益评价、安全保障法律法规建设和第三方评价机构发展等方面的现状,从客户服务质量评价、安全评价标准体系建立、效率效益导向的经营效益评价机制建设、第三方专业评价机构发展等维度,总结对我国高速铁路运营安全效益评价的经验借鉴及启示。     

Development and evaluation of a knowledge-based system for traffic congestion management and control

This paper describes a real-time knowledge-based system (KBS) for decision support to Traffic Operation Center personnel in the selection of integrated traffic control plans after the occurrence of non-recurring congestion, on freeway and arterial networks. The uniqueness of the system, called TCM, lies in its ability to cooperate with the operator, by handling different sources of input data and inferred knowledge, and providing an explanation of its reasoning process. A data fusion algorithm for the analysis of congestion allows to represent and interpret different types of data, with various levels of reliability and uncertainty, to provide a clear assessment of traffic conditions. An efficient algorithm for the selection of control plans determines alternative traffic control responses. These are proposed to an operator, along with an explanation of the reasoning process that led to their development and an estimation of their expected effect on traffic. The validation of the system, which is one of only few examples of validation of a KBS in transportation, demonstrates the validity of the approach. The evaluation results, in a simulated environment demonstrate the ability of TCM to reduce congestion, through the formulation of traffic diversion and control schemes.     

The future of trucking technology in Brazil: results of a technology forecasting model

Abstract

The aim of this article is to identify a set of technological events related to the Brazilian truck fleet that are well placed hierarchically regarding their possibility of occurrence and pertinence for the horizon year of 2021. For this we propose and apply a Technology Forecasting Model for trucks (called TFM/Trucks) based on the Delphi technique, considering 28 technological events associated with six internal forecasting dimensions: safety, efficient use of energy and alternative fuels, materials technology, operational schemes, comfort and environment. The ranking of the technological events, considering hypothetical situations for analysis, indicate significant concern over the safety dimension, with four of the five events (passive safety and active safety) classified among the 10 events with the greatest chance of occurring and pertinence, irrespective of the panelists' degree of specialization. The environmental dimension, with respect to the predominance of electric powered trucks with lower level of atmospheric pollutants, was always in one of the first two positions, regardless of the situation studied. In the final ranking, the five best-classified events represented the dimensions of safety, environment, materials technology and comfort, with environment and passive safety predominating.     

中开线春亭段输气管线变形失效分析

就中开线春亭段输气管线在检修维护中发现的内层管道截面非正常变形问题进行了分析研究。排查了引起管道变形失效的主要因素,对管线改建过程中的关键施工环节对内管外压失稳的作用作了分析与验证。分析表明:该管线的变形失效是在加套管过程中工艺安排不当所致,在施工过程的试压期间引起了内管的外压失稳,使内管产生永久的变形。同时给出了该类管线在设计、制造和检验过程应注意的问题和建议。     

Multilevel analysis of daily time use and time allocation to activity types accounting for complex covariance structures using correlated random effects

In this paper multilevel analysis is used to study individual choices of time allocation to maintenance, subsistence, leisure, and travel time exploiting the nested data hierarchy of households, persons, and occasions of measurement. The multilevel models in this paper examine the joint and multivariate correlation structure of four dependent variables in a cross-sectional and longitudinal way. In this way, observed and unobserved heterogeneity are estimated using random effects at the household, person, and temporal levels. In addition, random coefficients associated with explanatory variables are also estimated and correlated with these random effects. Using the wide spectrum of options offered by multilevel models to account for individual and group heterogeneity, complex interdependencies among individuals within their households, within themselves over time, and within themselves but across different indicators of behavior, are analyzed. Findings in this analysis include large variance contribution by each level considered, clear evidence of non-linear dynamic behavior in time-allocation, different trajectories of change in time allocation for each of the four dependent variables used, and lack of symmetry in change over time characterized by different trajectories in the longitudinal evolution of each dependent variable. In addition, the multivariate correlation structure among the four dependent variables is different at each of the three levels of analysis.     

分形理论在油气储运工程中的应用综述

介绍了分形理论的基本思想。综述了分形理论在油气储运工程中多个领域（如油气水多相流流型识别、管道腐蚀评定、管道粗糙表面的分形模拟、管道疲劳裂纹分形研究等方面）的应用和研究成果,并提出了需要深入研究和完善的5个方面。     

Travel-based multitasking: review of the role of digital activities and connectivity

ABSTRACT

Travel-based multitasking, also referred to as travel time use, is now a well-established concept, whose existence is supported by the technological trajectories, with mobile information and communication technologies (ICT) and vehicle automation working together to allow travel time to be more productive and enjoyable. Despite existence of reviews of travel-time multitasking studies, the systematic overview of the role digital activities, i.e. those that necessarily require modern ICT equipment to participate, has been limited, often wrapped under the umbrella term “use of ICT”, potentially obscuring their complexity and sophistication. Similarly, the role of connectivity and its attributes, e.g. speed (bandwidth), reliability, price, ease of use, data allowance or security, deserves a more systematic overview given its key role in enabling digital online activities and hence the travel-based multitasking options. This paper provides a review of 77 empirical travel-based multitasking-studies that explored the role of digital activities or connectivity. In particular, the review discusses the existing typologies of digital activities, dividing them into hardware-centric, function-centric or a combination of both (mixed). Subsequently, key contributions are discussed with respect to the treatment of digital activities and connectivity and its attributes. Based on the review, it is possible to observe that the existing studies have looked only at a handful of rather restricted online activities that do not sufficiently capture the sophistication with which individuals interact with the virtual world nowadays. Furthermore, the role of connectivity, although deeply embedded in the “C” of the “ICT” concept, has not been looked at or modelled in any detail in studies related to travel time use or its quality. This existing shortcoming might have resulted in an insufficient understanding of the mechanisms driving travel time use, the associated experience indicators of customer satisfaction, productivity or the consequences for relative attractiveness of transport modes. All of these considerations remain, however, crucial for designing, appraising and operating transport infrastructure and services that are able to take the advantage of lifestyle digitisation to meet the increasing customer needs while also delivering broader economic, social benefits and possibly also environmental benefits.     

高速公路土建工程工地试验室建设与管理

高速公路土建工程工地试验室是开展试验检测工作的基础,是保证工程质量的有效机构。文章介绍了高速公路土建工程工地试验室的机构设置、人员配备、选址、功能区设置、仪器设备安装、标示标牌布设的原则与要点,阐述了工地试验室日常管理的主要内容及注意事项。     

Modeling the cost of bird strikes to US civil aircraft

The objective of our analysis is to develop a model of damage costs that arise from collisions between aircraft and birds, based on data drawn from the Federal Aviation Administration National Wildlife Strike Database (NWSD). We develop a two-part model, composed of two separate statistical models, that accounts for the effects of aircraft mass category, engine type, component of the aircraft struck, and the size and number of birds struck. Our results indicate the size of bird, number of birds, and engine ingestions are the largest determinants of strike-related costs. More generally, our result is a model that provides a better understanding of the determinants of damage costs and that can be used to interpolate the substantial amount of missing data on damage costs that currently exists within the NWSD. A more complete accounting of damage costs will allow a better understanding of how damage costs vary geographically and temporally and, thus, enable more efficient allocation of management resources across airports and seasons.