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非煤系地层瓦斯隧道形成机制研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在非煤系地层区修建隧道时对瓦斯没有充分的认识和准备,且瓦斯涌出又具有随机性、分布不均匀性的特点,因此该类瓦斯隧道的瓦斯灾害危害性更大,对其形成机制进行研究意义十分重大。文章通过对我国已有大量瓦斯隧道的研究,总结出非煤系地层瓦斯隧道主要有三种成因类型:一是构造连通型,根据不同的构造类型,又可分为裂隙连通型、断层连通型与褶皱连通型;二是围岩变质型;三是复合型。 相似文献
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文章从侥幸心理的定义及类型入手,阐述了侥幸心理对交通运输行业安全生产作业产生的危害,分析了生产作业过程中侥幸心理产生的原因,并提出了针对性的应对措施。 相似文献
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文章阐述了建筑施工水泥扬尘的成因,分析了水泥扬尘给人体健康和大气环境造成的危害,提出了有效防治建筑施工中水泥扬尘的相应措施。 相似文献
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隧道工程突泥突水灾害处治技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
突水突泥灾害是隧道工程施工中最严重的灾害之一.通过对8座规模较大的突泥突水隧道灾害案例分析,划分出了突泥突水灾害类型,制定了灾害处治程序.同时依托工程实践,对清淤处理和溃口治理技术进行了理论计算分析和现场应用探讨,以期对类似工程起到指导作用,从而减少灾害的发生,并及时对灾害进行安全处治. 相似文献
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瓦斯隧道施工控制及防治措施探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
"十二五"规划提出每年投入7000亿修建铁路,隧道占很大比例,其中施工遇到的瓦斯隧道越来越多.文章以兰渝铁路13标段瓦斯隧道群的施工实践为例,探讨了瓦斯隧道的特征和危害,并提出隧道瓦斯的预测、检测和防治措施,以及防爆设备的防爆改装依据和改装项目,可供同类工程借鉴. 相似文献
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In recent years, railway tunnels in karst areas have frequently suffered flooding after high-intensity rainfall, which seriously affects the safety of tunnel operation and the order of transportation, and even interrupts the traffic. Based on the water hazard case in the Yuanbaoshan Tunnel on the Zhijin-Bijie Railway Line, this paper explores the causes of lining damage in terms of geology, rainfall, and the design and construction of water hazard sections, and puts forward the treatment technology for tunnel water hazards with the core concept of "making full use of existing structures and employing open drainage methods in key sections". Besides, this paper simulates and analyzes the formation of hazards and the treatment effect through numerical simulation. The results show that the subjective causes for the damage in tunnel linings include an insufficient understanding of the water-bearing formations at the geological investigation stage, the underestimation of water hazard risks posed by high-intensity rainfall during construction, and the unimproved waterproof and drainage system in the design alteration, while the objective reasons include the development of karst near the tunnel section that passes through the stratum, the strong connectivity of water conduits, and the high-intensity rainfall in a certain period of time on the tunnel site. As for the simulation results, they show that the increase of external water pressure caused by the sudden rise in groundwater level after rainstorm significantly increases the internal force of linings, and eventually leads to a much lower safety factor of sidewall linings and large scale damage, which is in consistency with the characteristics of the actual on-site damage. After on-site emergency treatment, the tunnel structure has become stable and even encountering unprecedentedly heavy rainfall twice, the tunnel has still remained in a good condition. Since then, no water hazards and other disasters have occurred, which proves that the treatment plan is valid. © 2022, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved. 相似文献
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随着经济的快速发展,高速公路通车里程得到快速增长,道路客、货运量及周转量不断高速发展,但高速公路的交通安全问题已经成为一个重要的研究课题。本文首先分析了浙江省高速公路交通事故的特点,然后运用轨迹交叉论进行交通事故的原因分析,识别浙江省高速公路危险源,最后有针对性地提出了浙江省高速公路交通事故防治措施。 相似文献
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在岩溶地区修建隧道过程中,经常遇到突水、突泥等地质灾害。为了规避地质灾害的发生、减少其对隧道施工运营造成的损失,通常要投入大量的隧道超前地质预报工作。文章在进行水文、地质、地貌研究的基础上,提出了运用岩溶地质学原理对隧道岩溶发育情况进行定性预测,划分重点预报地段、选择合适的物探方法或物探组合模式、有的放矢地进行综合超前预报的观点;以长乐山隧道为工程背景,采用了岩溶地质定性预测+地震波法探测+地质雷达探测的超前预报模式,取得了良好的效果,验证了综合超前地质预报的有效性、经济性。 相似文献
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Transportation system infrastructure often experiences severe flood-related disruptions such as overtopping, erosion, and scour. The ensuing damages can result in enormous direct and indirect economic losses to the traffic network and consequently the individuals through conditions like inaccessibility to commuters and reduction in traffic safety. Many studies have claimed that a robust transportation system could significantly prevent such consequences from natural hazards such as floods, highlighting the importance of robustness measures that could be used by decision-makers to properly manage flooded transportation system. Most available measures related to network robustness assessment are qualitative, and while some recent studies have focused on such evaluation using quantitative assessment approaches related to environmental or social-economic operations, they lack the holistic view towards robustness under flood events. This study develops a composite multi-scale transportation-system robustness model considering flood hazards by synthesizing geographical damage recognition, topological functionality analysis, network operation evaluation, and traffic-user loss estimation. This integrated model has been applied in a real-world highway network, mainly revealing that a given intensive flood occurrence at different locations may result in a variety of after-flood disruptions in the transportation network. To assist the asset owners with developing more reasonable prevention and recovery plans, the developed multi-scale robustness index presents both visible multi-denominational flood consequences and an overall post-event transportation-system robustness indicator. 相似文献
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围岩大变形是地下工程建设中地质灾害的一种,为探讨准确而快速地预测围岩大变形,文章将层次分析法和可拓学理论方法与围岩大变形预测相结合,建立了基于层次分析的可拓学理论围岩大变形预测方法。该方法是在物元理论、可拓集合论和关联函数运算的基础上,通过选取能够反映和体现围岩大变形的几项重要参数指标(本文选取岩石单轴抗压强度、主应力值、强度应力比、弹性模量四项指标),建立围岩大变形预测的物元模型,结合层次分析法来确定各因素的权重值,通过实际围岩大变形等级的关联度计算,最终确定围岩大变形等级;并与模糊层次分析法取得的围岩大变形结果进行对比分析。该方法能够运用一定的基础数据对围岩大变形作出预判,对工程建设可起到一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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文章针对因施工误差、运营中的不均匀沉降而导致的现有高速公路部分路段路线不合规范要求的情况,提出了利用机载LIDAR技术,在不干扰交通的情况下获取现有高速公路的三维数据,并通过平纵拟合设计实现对现有高速公路的路线指标评价,以发现高速公路运营过程中的安全隐患,预防交通事故的发生。 相似文献
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This paper explores the temporal stability of activity type-choice models and models of travelers' home-stay duration. To empirically evaluate this stability, a nested logit model of activity-type choice and a proportional hazards model of home-stay duration are estimated using data from two-day travel diaries collected in the fall of 1989 and again, from the same individuals, in the fall of 1990. The results show that the models are not temporally stable over the one year time period separating the two travel-diary samples. A number of possible reasons for this instability are discussed. 相似文献
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我国高速公路的发展日新月异,但随之产生的高速公路超限运输也是日益猖獗,由此造成的高速路维护成本大大增加,引发的社会问题不断增多。本文以山西交控大同南高速公路分公司为背景,对辖区内现在治超模式下存在的问题分析研究,提出了二(N)次无间隙网络化闭合式治超管理模式,并运用大数据、云计算等技术手段,解决目前治超管理中存在的问题,实现高速治超精准管理的智能化、网络化、信息化、非现场化。以提高治超工作效率,降低道路使用的安全隐患。二(N)次治超模式对高速公路主线收费站撤站后治超管理工作具有一定的借鉴作用。 相似文献