长江上游日调节非恒定流对拴疆碛浅滩航道要素的影响*

向家坝水电站日调节非恒定流与岷江日调节非恒定流在宜宾合江门汇合形成新的非恒定流过程,波长超过200 km,对宜宾—泸州河段（叙泸段）航道滩险的通航要素产生明显影响。采用平面二维非恒定水流数学模型,计算分析代表工况下日调节非恒定流传播规律及其对叙泸段拴疆碛航道要素的影响。结果表明：1）日调节非恒定流自合江门传递到拴疆碛约1.5 h,拴疆碛水位日变幅最大约1.053 m,相较于合江门衰减约30%,且波峰时期水面比降小于波谷时期,拴疆碛卵石滩采砂对非恒定流运动产生明显影响;2）代表性日调节非恒定流过程中,拴疆碛河段满足航道维护标准2.9 m水深的河宽在204~585 m,现有航标设置存在航道边界不满足最小维护水深情况,须对现有航标设置方案进行优化。     

多措并举 长江叙泸段航道积极迎战枯水

正进入12月以来,长江叙泸段航道水位快速下退,12月合江门08时水位均值0.5m,最低水位达到0.35m,较多年同期均值水位偏低约0.85m,低水位出现时间较往年提前约1个月。水位陡落的主因是上游来水减少,岷江高场流量由1660m~3/s迅速减少至712m~3/s,为近5年同期最小流量,金沙江向家坝水电站下泄流量1740m3/s,接近每年的最小流量,导致长江叙泸段航道水位短短10天内由2m快速下退至0.35m,长江叙泸段航道余家湾滩、风簸碛滩等重点滩险航道维护尺度接近计划维护尺度。     

日调节非恒定流对筲箕背河段航道水流条件的影响

选取典型工况通过非恒定数学模型计算分析滩段水位、流量、流速、比降等因素变化特性,得到日调节对筲箕背河段水流条件的影响。结果显示,2种日调节工况下非恒定流传播至筲箕背河段水位变幅在1.01~1.37 m,非恒定流对下游航道水流条件和对研究河段内的控制河段及航道维护设施等产生一定的影响,并且日变幅4.5 m较日变幅3.0 m工况对航道水流条件等影响更大。分析结果为优化枢纽航运调度方案和航道维护措施提供支撑。     

非恒定流条件下叙泸段航道水深资源利用研究

金沙江向家坝水电站运行以来,给社会经济带来巨大效益的同时,产生的非恒定流过程给长江上游宜宾—泸州段航道船舶通行带来不利影响。为了使枯水期更多的大中型船舶提升载货量,并顺利通过航道沿程滩险,利用优化的一维非恒定流数学模型计算出叙泸段航道沿程流量与水位过程,依照验证后的计算结果对非恒定流水深资源时空分布规律进行分析,得出枯水期叙泸段航道非恒定流沿程传播时间、宜宾最佳通航时间段以及重点滩险船舶航行速度。     

金沙江宜宾段非恒定流过程及传播特性

金沙江、岷江的非恒定流调节过程较为复杂,在宜宾汇合后形成新的非恒定流向下游传播。通过近年实测资料,分析金沙江、岷江非恒定流特征及汇合效果。结果表明:宜宾段非恒定流特征与向家坝电站下泄非恒定流的符合度更高,岷江的非恒定流无典型过程;宜宾段水位变幅和金沙江、岷江水位变幅存在线性关系;涨幅在1.7 m左右,起调水位在1 m左右的泄水波可作为宜宾段非恒定流过程的典型代表,其在下游的传播速度沿程基本保持一致,衰减幅度随着距离的增加而减小。     

向家坝水电站日调节非恒定流的传播特征研究

水电站的调度运行改变了天然河道的水流条件,日调节引起的非恒定流导致坝下游河道的水位陡涨陡落、流速时大时小、流态时好时坏,对下游的航道维护、船舶的安全航行及港口、码头的正常作业等产生不利的影响。文章以向家坝水电站为例,按照其典型调度运行方式,建立几何比尺为1:100的物理模型,根据向家坝电站日调节试验在坝下游长河段所引起的的水位及流速等数据,总结出向家坝水电站日调节非恒定流的水位及流速在不同河段的传播特征,为研究电站日调节非恒定流对坝址下游长河段航道条件的影响提供理论依据。     

向家坝枢纽非恒定泄流对落锅滩河段航道通航条件的影响

电站日调节非恒定流对下游河道的影响是向家坝工程在运行时需要考虑的主要问题。通过长河段二维非恒定数学模型计算分析向家坝日调节非恒定流对落锅滩河段航道通航水流条件的影响,选取两种典型日调节工况和泄洪工况分析河段内水位、流量、流速等水力因素变化特性。结果表明,两种典型日调节工况下非恒定流传播至落锅滩水位变幅在1. 26～1. 46 m,泄洪工况下水位最大日变幅在2. 05～2. 96 m,非恒定流对河段产生了一定影响,根据目前通航标准来看,4种工况下河段内水力指标均能够达到通航水力指标。建议对坝下非恒定流特征及其对航道、港口码头的影响情况进行原型观测,积累实践经验,为进一步优化电站调度方案和下游航道维护等方面提供依据。     

白鹤滩蓄水期向家坝控泄对下游航道影响分析

基于最新河道断面资料,建立向家坝—泸州的一维非恒定流模型,定量分析白鹤滩水库蓄水期间,在保证正常通航情况下向家坝水电站的最小通航流量和对应日调节出库流量方案.按横江70 m3/s、岷江700 m3/s恒定侧向入流,向家坝水电站按不同量级出库情况模拟,计算沿程各断面水位,求出向家坝下游最低通航水位265.8 m对应流量约...     

从江航电枢纽泄水闸开启方式优化研究

利用从江航电枢纽整体物理模型,研究986 m3/s、1 536 m3/s和3 200 m3/s等三级控泄流量时,闸门开启高度、闸门开启顺序对枢纽下游水流条件的影响。重点分析观测的各方案枢纽坝下流速流态和下游船闸口门区及连接段的表面流速,得出该流量级泄水闸开启的优化方式。流量较小时,泄流闸开启孔位对下游河道水流条件有较为明显的影响;当流量较大时,泄水闸开启孔数增多,相应孔位的不同对下游河道水流条件影响作用减弱。在控泄流量时,泄水闸开启以分散开启或全开方式较好;既便小流量时,因电站出流的影响,泄流闸也宜采用分散开启方式。     

向家坝日调节运行对长江叙渝段航道维护影响研究

金沙江最下游梯级向家坝水电站,因其装机容量大,发电运行期间非恒定流造成坝下水位日变幅及小时变幅较大,会对长江叙渝段航道维护造成严重影响。基于长河段非恒定流数学模型,研究向家坝水电站日调节运行后长江上游非恒定流传播特性,分析日调节运行对航道维护的影响,提出相应航道维护管理对策。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

正~~     

第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.