连续玄武岩纤维增强复合材料船体水下爆炸响应的数值仿真

运用有限元程序MSC.Dytran数值计算水下爆炸载荷作用下连续玄武岩纤维复合材料船体舱段结构的响应,采用层合板模型模拟纤维复合材料,选取一般耦合算法计算流体与结构的耦合效应,并将计算结果与E玻璃纤维复合材料船体仿真结果进行比较,分析2种材料船体结构压力时历曲线、破坏起始位置及破坏形式,得出结论:玄武岩纤维复合材料和E玻璃纤维复合材料船体底板在爆炸载荷的作用下起始破坏形式不同,玄武岩纤维的压缩强度和拉伸强度之比较高,在实际设计制造中更有优势。在船舶建造中可以使用连续玄武岩纤维复合材料替代玻璃纤维复合材料。     

船体复合材料帽型加筋板渐进破坏分析

复合材料加筋板复杂的破坏过程与失效形式增加了应用难度。以面外均布载荷与面内压缩联合作用下的夹芯复合材料帽型加筋板为研究对象,在通过试验结果验证非线性有限元方法准确性的基础上,基于复合材料的hashin准则与胶层界面的最大应力准则展开渐进破坏分析,讨论了极限载荷、破坏模式及失效机理。采用有限元子模型技术对中段破坏区域建模,基于Shokrieh-Hashin准则进行局部破坏分析,讨论蒙皮的铺层损伤规律。结果表明:加筋板呈整体一阶屈曲破坏,极限载荷为316.8 kN;壁板下蒙皮的纤维压缩失效是导致加筋板整体破坏的原因;各铺层的面内失效规律基本相同,蒙皮的纤维压缩失效从外层逐渐向内层扩展,且扩展速率逐渐降低。     

船体复合材料帽型加筋板渐进破坏分析

复合材料加筋板复杂的破坏过程与失效形式增加了应用难度。以面外均布载荷与面内压缩联合作用下的夹芯复合材料帽型加筋板为研究对象,在通过试验结果验证非线性有限元方法准确性的基础上,基于复合材料的hashin准则与胶层界面的最大应力准则展开渐进破坏分析,讨论了极限载荷、破坏模式及失效机理。采用有限元子模型技术对中段破坏区域建模,基于Shokrieh-Hashin准则进行局部破坏分析,讨论蒙皮的铺层损伤规律。结果表明:加筋板呈整体一阶屈曲破坏,极限载荷为316.8 kN;壁板下蒙皮的纤维压缩失效是导致加筋板整体破坏的原因;各铺层的面内失效规律基本相同,蒙皮的纤维压缩失效从外层逐渐向内层扩展,且扩展速率逐渐降低。     

水下爆炸脉动载荷对连续玄武岩纤维复合材料船体结构的影响

运用有限元程序MSC.Dytran模拟水下爆炸气泡脉动现象的整个过程,计算输出气泡中心位置压力时历曲线与爆炸理论吻合;采用层合板模型模拟连续玄武岩纤维复合材料,选取一般耦合算法计算流体与结构的耦合效应,计算连续玄武岩纤维复合材料舱段在脉动载荷作用下的动力响应;分析连续玄武岩纤维复合材料船体结构位移时历曲线、应力时历曲线及船底板应力云图.研究结果表明,在近场爆炸情况下,第一次脉动产生的应力波有可能比爆炸冲击波对船体造成更大的破坏;爆炸产生的脉动载荷频率接近整船或局部构件固有频率时,引发共振,对船体造成爆炸冲击破坏外的附加损害.     

复合材料船体层合板的极限强度分析

基于更新拉格朗日格式,应用非线性层合三维退化壳元,结合有效的复合材料失效准则、刚度退化模型以及文中提出的刚度矩阵奇异判断准则,对复合材料层合板在轴向载荷作用下的轴向压缩极限强度问题进行深入研究.讨论了铺层方式、板厚等对极限强度的影响.通过与试验结果进行比较,表明基于文中提出的刚度矩阵奇异判断准则,结合增量更新拉格朗日格式下非线性层合三维退化有限元的计算方法能有效计算复合材料层合板的轴向压缩极限强度,并具有很高的精度.     

CFRP修复含裂纹加筋板极限强度仿真研究

[目的]为研究碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)粘贴修复含裂纹加筋板的极限强度,[方法]采用非线性有限元法对在轴向压缩载荷作用下的CFRP修复含裂纹加筋板的极限强度进行分析,基于CFRP修复含裂纹加筋板模型,对仿真结果与文献的试验结果进行比较,验证所提方法的准确性。以CFRP双面修复含裂纹加筋板为例,研究CFRP加筋板的极限强度,并对胶层剥离机理和胶层应力进行分析。[结果]结果表明,使用CFRP修复含裂纹加筋板后其极限强度得到了明显提高,且接近于含几何初始缺陷加筋板的极限强度;CFRP修复含裂纹加筋板的脱胶行为发生在极限强度之后。[结论]使用CFRP修复含裂纹损伤的加筋板可有效提高其极限承载能力,研究结果可为船舶与海洋工程结构修复提供参考。     

极地小型邮轮加筋板结构冗余度试验研究

以极地小型邮轮加筋板结构为研究对象,设计并制作典型加筋板缩比模型,开展完整结构和损伤结构的轴向压缩极限强度试验研究,揭示完整结构和损伤结构下,主甲板板架结构的极限承载能力和屈曲失效模式,并基于全船结构强度有限元方法,计算主甲板板架完整结构和损伤结构的应力,进行了主甲板板架结构冗余度评估。研究发现：轴向压缩载荷作用下,单独一根加强筋出现局部损伤会小幅度降低加筋板结构的极限承载能力;加筋板完整结构和损伤结构屈曲破坏模式均为加强筋率先破坏引起整个板架结构屈曲破坏;单独一根加强筋的损伤不会引起极地小型邮轮加筋板结构的连续性垮塌,具有良好的结构冗余。研究结果对极地小型邮轮结构设计和冗余度研究具有一定参考价值。     

船舶复合材料加筋板屈曲和后屈曲行为研究

基于数值方法和有限元计算对船用复合材料加筋板进行特征值屈曲分析和非线性屈曲分析,探究危险载荷工况下加筋板的屈曲模态、临界屈曲载荷和后屈曲极限承载能力。考虑复合材料加筋板的基体失效、剪切失效和纤维失效,采用Hashin失效准则和动力显式分析方法进行非线性屈曲分析。分析结果表明:临界屈曲载荷、屈曲/后屈曲行为以及极限承载能力等与试验结果吻合较好,复合材料加筋板的极限承载能力约为临界屈曲载荷的5.4倍。通过参数化研究,分析了铺层角度、厚度以及加筋板间距对船舶复合材料加筋板屈曲和后屈曲行为的影响程度,为复合材料船体结构的力学行为评估、设计应用等提供一种有效参考。     

冰载荷对加筋板轴向压缩极限强度的影响

船舶在冰区航行时,将遭受浮冰的挤压,船舷侧部位的加筋板会受到冰载荷的作用。以单筋单跨加筋板为研究对象,采用非线性有限元法对冰载荷下加筋板轴向压缩极限强度进行分析。研究冰载荷的大小、加载区域面积和加载区域位置的不同对极限强度的影响规律。结果表明,冰载荷大小一定,冰载荷作用区域面积逐渐增加时,加筋板的轴向压缩极限强度随着面积的增加基本呈线性增加。冰载荷作用区域位置距离加筋板中心点距离逐渐增加时,加筋板的轴向压缩极限强度逐渐增加,且随着相对距离的增加,对加筋板轴向压缩极限强度的影响越来越大。这些结果可用于指导冰区船舶结构的设计以及维护。     

玄武岩纤维复合材料舰船船体结构性能分析

玄武岩纤维复合材料在耐高温、耐酸碱、介电等性能方面有一定的优势,且价格低廉.采用有限元方法,分别针对玄武岩纤维复合材料和玻璃纤维增强复合材料建造的典型舰体舱段,计算不同载荷下的结构力学性能.比较了不同载荷时舰体舱段总体变形及局部关键位置的变形大小及应力水平.结果表明,玄武岩纤维复合材料应用于舰船结构制造,将能提高船体强度、降低制造成本,为舰船结构选用玄武岩纤维复合材料建造提供了参考依据.     

复合材料船体纵向极限承载能力分析

该文利用梁柱理论推导出复合材料梁柱的极限承载能力公式,讨论了加筋板的初始几何缺陷,载荷偏心,蒙皮屈曲后的有效蒙皮宽度对复合材料长帽形加筋板的极限承载能力的影响。利用复合材料梁柱理论计算船体甲板或船底板结构视加筋板单元构件的极限承载能力,最后由Smith法来计算复合材料船体的极限承载能力。     

A study on scantling formulae of plate members due to lateral pressure under the effect of axial loads

Existing rule scantling formulae of plate members are based on conventional plastic design theory, and do not necessarily reflect complicated plate bending phenomena under axial loads. In this study, we first formulated the effect of axial load on the fully plastic moment based on the von Mises yield criterion for longitudinally stiffened plate in addition to the well-known formula for transversely stiffened plate. In addition, we derived a theoretical formulation of the lateral pressure corresponding to 2-point hinge and 3-point hinge formation taking account of the effect of the additional lateral force due to the axial loads on the deflected plating, using a simple plate strip bending model assuming a long plate with a large aspect ratio.Then, a series of elastic-plastic FE analyses was carried out to verify the structural behavior and the effect of axial load on the plate plastic bending strength. The plate strength was evaluated based on the residual deflection criteria of two cases (0.26 mm and 4.0 mm), and the results were compared with the theoretical derivation. As a result, it was found that assumption of linear strength reduction to the axial stress can cover the transversely stiffened plate under compressive axial stress conservatively. As to the transversely stiffened plate under tensile axial stress and the longitudinally stiffened plate, the strength reduction was in accordance with the reduction in the fully plastic moment based on the von Mises yield criterion in the conservative side. Finally, based on the findings, the required plate thickness coefficients were proposed on an empirical basis both for transversely and longitudinally stiffened plate under compressive and tensile axial loads.     

Buckling and ultimate capability of plates and stiffened panels in axial compression

This paper presents extensive non-linear finite element (FE) analysis and formulation development work carried out on the ultimate compressive strength of plates and stiffened panels of ship structures. A review of contemporary designs for large ships was carried out. The existing formulae for plate ultimate compressive strength were reviewed and compared with non-linear FE analysis results. A semi-analytical formula for ultimate compressive strength assessments of stiffened panels was proposed and is described. The developed formula was verified against results using ABAQUS non-linear FE software for a series of 61 stiffened panels and a good agreement between the proposed formula and FE results were achieved. The method was verified against a large number of published FE results and was also compared with 58 experimental results. The developed method was also applied to the deck and bottom structures for a range of various sizes oil tankers and bulk carriers.     

均匀受压含裂纹损伤加筋板的极限承载能力分析

在均匀受压下,针对含损伤裂纹缺陷的加筋板的承载力学特性进行研究,探讨了裂纹参数对其承载能力的影响。通过改变加筋板上裂纹的位置和裂纹尺寸,利用非线性有限元分析软件Abaqus对其进行系列非线性仿真分析,得到含损伤裂纹加筋板的破坏力学特性以及破坏模式。结果表明,损伤裂纹会削弱加筋板架的承载能力,并且当裂纹尺寸超过某临界值时,板架的极限承载力会急剧减小。     

A Simplified Model for the Effect of Weld-Induced Residual Stresses on the Axial Ultimate Strength of Stiffened Plates

The present work investigates the compressive axial ultimate strength of fillet-welded steel-plated ship structures subjected to uniaxial compression, in which the residual stresses in the welded plates are calculated by a thermo-elasto-plastic finite element analysis that is used to fit an idealized model of residual stress distribution. The numerical results of ultimate strength based on the simplified model of residual stress show good agreement with those of various methods including the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) Common Structural Rules (CSR), leading to the conclusion that the simplified model can be effectively used to represent the distribution of residual stresses in steel-plated structures in a wide range of engineering applications. It is concluded that the widths of the tension zones in the welded plates have a quasi-linear behavior with respect to the plate slenderness. The effect of residual stress on the axial strength of the stiffened plate is analyzed and discussed.     

焊接诱导的残余应力对加劲板轴向极限强度影响的简化模型研究（英文）

The present work investigates the compressive axial ultimate strength of fillet-welded steel-plated ship structures subjected to uniaxial compression, in which the residual stresses in the welded plates are calculated by a thermo-elasto-plastic finite element analysis that is used to fit an idealized model of residual stress distribution. The numerical results of ultimate strength based on the simplified model of residual stress show good agreement with those of various methods including the International Association of Classification Societies(IACS) Common Structural Rules(CSR), leading to the conclusion that the simplified model can be effectively used to represent the distribution of residual stresses in steel-plated structures in a wide range of engineering applications. It is concluded that the widths of the tension zones in the welded plates have a quasi-linear behavior with respect to the plate slenderness. The effect of residual stress on the axial strength of the stiffened plate is analyzed and discussed.     

Comparisons of calculations with experiments on the ultimate strength of wide stiffened panels

Five specimens of wide stiffened panel with four stiffeners under axial compression until collapse are studied with a nonlinear finite element analysis and Common Structural Rules to compare with the experimental results. The stiffened panel models have two longitudinal bays to produce reasonable boundary condition at the end of edges. Tension tests have been conducted to obtain the material properties of the steel that are used in the finite element analysis. Three boundary condition configurations are adopted to investigate their influence on the collapse behaviour of the stiffened panels. A displacement transducer was used to measure the initial geometrical imperfections of the stiffened plates. The collapse behaviour of the stiffened panels is analysed in finite element analysis with the measured initial imperfections and with nominal imperfections. An equivalent initial imperfection is validated for the ultimate strength of stiffened panel under compressive load until collapse for the panels under consideration. With the same imperfection amplitude, the shape of the column-type initial deflection of stiffeners affects significantly the collapse shape, but only slightly the ultimate strength and the mode of collapse of the stiffened panels. The 1/2 + 1 + 1/2 bays model with restrained boundary condition BC3 gives an adequate FE modelling and is possible to be fabricated in experiment.