澜沧江—湄公河国际航运发展规划磋商会在昆明召开

11月25至29日,澜沧江—湄公河泰中、洪、枯水期联合考察,于2000年4国际航运发展规划（2015年—2025年）月四国签订了《中老缅泰澜沧江—湄公磋商会在昆明召开,中、老、缅、泰四国河商船通航协定》,2001年6月实现澜沧代表团对《澜沧江—湄公河国际航运发江—湄公河国际航运正式通航。自正式展规划》进行了讨论和审议,达成共识,通航以来,我国先后建设了思茅、景洪、并签署了会议纪要。     

加快澜沧江—湄公河国际航运建设推进中国—东盟互联互通合作

澜沧江发源于我国青藏高原,在西双版纳中老缅边境244号界碑处出境后称湄公河,流经老、缅、泰、柬、越5国后,在越南胡志明市附近汇入太平洋,全长4880km,有"东方多瑙河"的美称. 按照中、老、缅、泰四国2000年4月签订的《中老缅泰澜沧江—湄公河商船通航协定》,四国商船通航河段从中国的思茅港南得坝到老挝的琅勃拉邦,航道里程长893km.由于糯扎渡电站的建设,目前四国通航开放水域主要为思茅港(小橄榄坝)至琅勃拉邦786km河段,其中中国思茅港(小橄榄坝)至中缅243号界碑段155km为中国内河.     

上湄公河航道改善工程三月中旬实施

中老缅泰澜沧江——湄公河商船通航协调联合委员会第二次会议，于2002年2月4日至6日在昆明召开。这次会议，重点审议了上湄公河航道改善工程施工实施方案，四方代表一致同意上湄公河航道改善工程，并于3月中旬正式开始。 在这次会议上，四国代表首先回顾了航道改善工程的准备情况。中老缅泰四国商船正式通航后，四国……     

澜沧江一湄公河国际航运发展规划磋商会在昆召开

12月2日，澜沧江一湄公河国际航运发展规划（2015年-2025年）磋商会在昆明召开，中、老、缅、泰4国代表团对《澜沧江-湄公河国际航运发展规划》进行了讨论和审议。会议明确了澜沧江一湄公河国际航运发展目标：到2025年将建成从中国云南思茅港南得坝至老挝琅勃拉邦890公里，通航500吨级船舶的国际航道，并在沿岸布设一批客运港口和货运港口。     

用拼搏点亮人生--澜沧江航道整治纪实

在西部大开发的脚步声中，云南省人民政府反澜沧江一湄公河的国际水运通道建设摆上了重要的议事日程。去年，上湄公河的航道整治工程，通过中老顷泰四国政府的共同努力，331公里航段可常年通行200吨级以上船舶，性通航300吨级船舶。而澜沧江下游思茅港至中顷243号界碑158公里对外开放航道，     

澜沧江国际航运十年开发效益评估

澜沧江-湄公河国际航运概况 澜沧江-湄公河发源于中国青藏高原,全长4 881 km,其中中国境内长2 130 km,流经中、老、缅、泰、柬、越等六国,素有"东方多瑙河"美称.中国云南出境多年平均流量2 180m3/s,入海多年平均流量15 060 m3/s.从中国思茅港到老挝琅勃拉邦788 km为中老缅泰四国协议通航河段,平均比降0.4‰.     

云南国际水运的管理还需加强--访云南省航务管理局局长乔新民

云南省目前唯一的一条已经实现正式通航的国际河流,也是亚洲流经国家最多的河流澜沧江-湄公河,自2001年6月26日正式实现中老缅泰四国商船通航至今已经3年了,在水运市场的管理、港航建设方面,还存在哪些问题和应采取怎样的对策?就这些问题,近日记者走访了云南省航务管理局、中华人民共和国澜沧江海事局局长乔新民.他就记者提出的问题一一作了详尽的回答.     

护航“黄金水道” 守护澜沧江水域平安

<正>云南省地处我国西南边陲,境内江河纵横,湖泊密布,蜿蜒的澜沧江在祖国西南巍峨的群山之间日夜奔腾,一艘艘满载客货的船舶承载着中、老、缅、泰四国人民的友谊,在中国思茅港和老挝琅勃拉邦港之间平稳航行。云南没有海,但"让航行更安全,让海洋更清洁"的庄严承诺,同样鞭策着云南海事人在崇山峻岭之间履行着保障澜沧江航运安全和维护水域清洁的神圣职责。     

云南国际水运的管理还需加强——访云南省航管管理局局长乔新民

云南省目前唯一的一条已经实现正式通航的国际河流，也是亚洲流经国家最多的河流澜沧江-湄公河，自2001年6月26日止式实现中老缅泰四国商船通航至今已经3年了，在水运市场的管理、港航建设方面，还存在哪些问题和应采取怎样的对策?就这些问题，近日记者走访了云南省航务管理局、中华人民共和国澜沧江海事局局长乔新民。他就记者提出的问题一一作了详尽的回答。     

填补两项国内海上应急演练空白 渤海湾举行立体搜救演习

10月11日，烟台市在北部沿岸海域举行了客滚船立体搜救演习。大量旅客垂直撤离、救助直升机直接空降医院，双双填补了国内海上应急演练的空白，赢得了中、日、韩、俄四国搜救专家等观摩人员的赞誉。     

A conceptual model of the strongly tidal Columbia River plume

The Columbia River plume is typical of large-scale, high discharge, mid-latitude plumes. In the absence of strong upwelling winds, freshwater from the river executes a rightward turn and forms an anticyclonic bulge before moving north along the Washington coast. In addition to the above dynamics, however, the river plume outflow is subject to large tides, which modify the structure of the plume in the region near the river mouth. Observations based on data acquired during a summer 2005 cruise indicate that the plume consists of four distinct water masses; source water at the lift-off point, and the tidal, re-circulating and far-field plumes. In contrast to most plume models that describe the discharge of low-salinity estuary water into ambient high-salinity coastal water, we describe the Columbia plume as the superposition of these four plume types.We focus primarily on a conceptual summary of the dynamics and mutual interaction of the tidal and re-circulating plumes. The new tidal plume flows over top of the re-circulating plume and is typically bounded by strong fronts. Soon after the end of ebb tide, it covers roughly 50–100% of the re-circulating plume surface area. The fronts may penetrate well below the re-circulating plume water and eventually spawn internal waves that mix the re-circulating plume further. The re-circulating plume persists throughout the tidal cycle and corresponds to a freshwater volume equivalent to 3–4 days of river discharge. Finally, the plume water masses are distinguished from one another in term of surface chlorophyll concentration, suggesting that the above classification may also describe different biological growth regimes. The low-salinity re-circulating plume serves as an extension of the estuary into the coastal ocean, or an “estuary at sea”, because residence times during periods of high river flow are greater than those in the estuary.     

基于Multigen Vega和Creator的内河港口船舶水面交通过程视景仿真

为了提升内河码头调度管理能力,利用Multigen Vega和Creator预先进行码头泊位预算、交通和运输管理规划,为内河码头的管理提供船舶停泊的决策方案。针对某一内河港口,完成了码头地形、工作环境等场景模型的创建,开发了船舶自主寻位,水面交通仿真的管理模块。表明利用Multigen Creator/Ve-ga工具可以为码头管理决策提供真实的视景仿真工作过程,为码头管理工作开辟新途径。     

新型生态护坡结构物理模型动床试验研究

近年来长江中下游实施了一系列生态护坡工程项目,具有很强的生态功能.基于保护长江中下游岸坡稳定性及为水生动植物提供良好生存环境的目标,提出新型生态护坡结构.通过物理模型动床试验观察新型生态护坡结构对不同类型岸坡的保护效果,分析不同类型岸坡冲淤变化机理.观察不同水流入射角度对弯曲河道岸坡稳定性影响,针对不同类型岸坡提出合理...     

浅谈生态护坡在沿江环境综合整治工程中的应用

随着我国西部开发和城市建设的扩展,对河流等水资源和水环境产生一定的破坏。为改善城市居住条件和保护生态环境,许多城市对沿江环境进行综合整治。传统混凝土挡墙和护坡的结构形式,虽然能够满足结构稳定性和防洪要求,但其将原有的绿色河岸硬化为灰色混凝土,破坏了原有的生态居住环境,并使得景观效果很差。为改善目前环境整治的弊端,本研究探讨一种新型的亲环境生态护坡结构的应用,并结合工程实际分析护坡、护砌要求,提出生态护坡设计要点,可为提高环境综合整治效果和改善生态环境提供参考。     

灌河口盐、悬沙通量的分解及时空特征

灌河是江苏省北部目前唯一没有在干流建闸的入海河流,拥有广阔的滩涂和优良的航运条件。河口通量是河口治理和河口环境保护中的关键要素。为研究灌河口的盐及悬沙的输运,基于实测资料利用通量分解方法对灌河的盐及悬沙通量的空间分布、大-小潮与潮内的时间变化特征进行了探讨。研究认为：在口门以内的弯曲河段,盐通量在凸岸浅水区一般指向下游,在凹岸深槽处则指向上游。大、小潮期间悬沙通量则基本上为左侧指向上游、右侧指向下游;口外盐通量方向为NNE-NE,而且随径流量大小而稍有改变,口外悬沙通量方向在远岸区域表现为WNW-NNE,近岸G2测点的悬沙通量则指向口门;口门内外盐和悬沙通量的组成均基本以T1、T2和T4为主导,通量组成的总体特征在大、小潮期间基本类似。涨落潮流速最大时刻的悬沙通量不一定与流速方向一致,最大落潮流速时刻由于悬沙浓度可能小于平均值而导致悬沙净输运指向上游。     

Development of port service network in OBOR via capacity sharing: an idea from Zhejiang province in China

The ‘Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road’ (One Belt One Road, OBOR) strategy initiated by the Chinese government has a significant impact on the business and logistics modes which involves Asia, Europe, Africa, and their adjacent seas. Many countries and ports are developing new strategies that are suitable for this economic environment. Compared with many ports in the world, the ports in Zhejiang province of China have a novel property. In addition to Ningbo-Zhoushan port, there are several other sea ports and river ports in that province. In this paper, we propose a concept of port service network that consists of a huge hub and multiple ports. Ports of small and medium sizes can share their capacities of different types of port service with the hub when the service capacities are integrated into the network. We develop a mixed integer nonlinear programming model to determine the optimal decisions in such a network with constraints on the budget to conduct integration. An optimization algorithm incorporated with a genetic algorithm is developed to solve large size problems. We provide managerial insights on the policies of government, including expanding port capacity, reducing fixed integration cost, and providing better financial condition.     

西江界首至肇庆河段航道设计最低通航水位研究

水沙变异条件下航道设计水位研究是航道整治工程中的重要问题。在对西江界首至肇庆河段重点滩段河床演变分析的基础上,根据河段的水文情势变化特点,采用综合历时曲线法计算航道设计流量,通过数学模型计算分析潮汐、枢纽下泄非恒定流、航道整治工程等因素对设计水位的影响,然后确定航道设计水位。研究成果对于水沙变异条件下枢纽下游径潮流过渡河段的设计水位计算具有参考意义。     

河流突发性污染事故风险评价方法的探讨

通过危险源和环境因素两个方面进行河流突发性污染事故风险评价,引入加权危险河段长度和河段危害权重两个概念论述危险源风险评价,给出能够反映各河段重要性的新的危险源风险评价方法。评价了流速、降水、地形等自然环境因素对突发性水污染事故发展的影响,提出了环境因素定性评价方法。     

不堪重负的滚滚长江

长江是我国第一大河,干流全长6300余公里,流域面积180余万平方公里。长江水量丰足,相当于黄河水量的20倍,仅次于亚马逊河与刚果河,居世界第三。若干年来,长江平均降水量1100毫米,平均入海水量近1万亿立方米,占全国河川径流总量的36%左右。然而,随着长江利用率的逐年递增,流域内各类船舶成倍增长,举世瞩目的三峡船闸成为“卡喉”之隘。与此同时,沿岸过度的开发也使水域环境面临严重威胁……滚滚长江渐渐不堪重负。     

The importance of estuarine gravitational circulation in the early life of the Bohai Penaeid Prawn

Estuaries along the southern shore of the Bohai Sea are the major habitat of the Bohai Penaeid Prawn (Penaeus chinensis). Since the 80's, however, many of the rivers have been dammed. Field observations, as well as laterally integrated 2-D numerical experiments, were conducted to understand both the role of estuarine gravitational circulation and the impact of the damming of the rivers on the early life of the Bohai Penaeid Prawn.For a river with runoff, especially for small discharge, the gravitational circulation tends to transport the planktonic larvae in their metamorphosis phase near the river mouth where condition is favorable for survival. The gravitational circulation inside the estuary tends to transport the mysis phase larvae towards the upstream end of the estuary when the most part of the larvae suspended in the bottom layer, and it transports the post larvae to the low salinity near upstream side of the estuary when the larvae become benthic, if the larvae enter the estuary.Damming causes long periods of zero runoff in the river, resulting in the alteration of the estuarine circulation and in the change of the estuarine environment. In addition, excess evaporation may prematurely transport the planktonic larvae into the estuary. On the other hand, sudden release of a large volume of freshwater from behind the dam may exert undesirable stress on the larvae.