中国杯的色彩

2013年，中国杯帆船赛进入第七届。中国杯有很多种色彩，既拥有赤、澄、黄、绿、蓝、靛、紫等色彩的炫烂，也饱含拼搏、欢乐、幸福、激情等情感。北京航海中心队身着明黄色的队服在海上驰骋，观鲸队（Whale Watching Sydney）老船队lan Ford率领船队以蓝色上装征服蓝色的海洋；观众们身着各色服饰为船队加油，不时发出阵阵惊呼……。船队、观众、媒体、工作人员、嘉宾和观众们以蓝色为主调，在赤、澄、黄、绿、靛、紫等色彩的配合下，分享着船队的拼搏、弄潮儿的惊艳、归航的欢乐、情侣们的幸福，以及挑战“海上珠穆朗玛”的激情。     

我国港口企业开展散货物流刍议

<正> 散贸物流服务是一个集运输、仓储、装卸、分拨、营销等为一体庞大的管理系统工程,具有系统性、挑战性、创新性等诸多特点。 一、港口企业开展散货物流服务存在的问题 1.对散货物流的认识存在误区 散货物流是指煤炭、矿石、石油、粮食等大宗散货从生产、收购、储存、运输、加工到消费领域的整个流通过程以及其中的一切增值活动。它涵盖散货物资的生产布局、品种流向的确定、购销     

珠江源头看罗平

喀斯特地貌、60万亩连片油菜花花海、九龙瀑布群、多依河的田园风光、布依民族风情……共同造就了罗平雄、险、奇、幽、秀为一体的自然风光     

责任、勇敢、技能、团队、创新、尊重、包容——新时代海员铸就

一、概述 海洋是地球的重要组成部分,是人们赖以生存的基础,也是世界经济发展、文化交流、文明进步、货物贸易的第一媒介。自人类有记载的历史以来,人们对海洋灾害或突发性的自然灾害,如：热带气旋（温带气旋）、台风（飓风）、风暴潮、大风、巨浪,严寒、海冰、海雾、地震、海啸等有着较为全面的认识并通过智慧规避这些海洋灾害的影响。     

大练兵从实战出发

长江航运公安局南京分局在公安部开展的“大练兵”活动中，从实战出发，不断提高民警的警务技能，本着真练、实练、苦练的精神，组织了防卫控制、警械使用、搜身带离、武器使用、现场急救、警务战术的基础动作、盘查、车辆查控、搜索、抓搜等演练。图为“控制术”、“搜身术”、“带离术”、“捆绑术”、“盘查术”、“上铐术”。     

国际

2月27日开始，来自尼日利亚、美国等11个国家的海军在尼东南部海域进行联合演习，以应对日益猖獗的海盗袭击、偷油、走私和其他海上安全挑战。参与演习的国家包括尼日利亚、美国、比利时、西班牙、喀麦隆、加蓬、加纳、刚果共和国、贝宁、圣多美和普林西比和多哥，演习海域主要集中在几内亚湾。     

合力开启黄金水道全面建设新阶段

由上海市、湖北省、重庆市和交通部共同发起的“合力建设黄金水道，促进长江经济发展”座谈会在北京举行。上海、江苏、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、重庆、四川、云南七省二市省长、市长和交通部部长在会上分别发言。此次会议的召开，标志着交通部、省、市在深入贯彻落实党的十六届五中全会精神、加快长江水运建设、发挥黄金水道作用、促进沿江经济全面协调发展等方面迈出了实质性步伐，必将对长江水运乃至全国水运的发展起到重要的指导和推进作用。本刊现辟专栏，摘交通部张春贤部长和七省二市省长、市长发言精要部分，以飨读者。     

科学管理铸就现代化湛江港

湛江港是我国大陆通往东南亚、中东、非洲、欧洲和大洋洲航程最短的口岸之，足连接中罔大陆桥与环太平洋海域物流运输的重要枢纽，是大西南和粤西地区的出海主通道湛江港现有生产性泊位37个，经营石油、矿石、煤炭、化肥、粮食、木材、集装箱、危险品及重大件等多种货物的装卸、储存、中转及客运业务，现已建成投产华南沿海最深的25万吨级深水航道，最大的30万吨级原油码头和唯一的20万吨级大型专业化铁矿石码头，与世界100多个国家和地区直接通航，     

绿色船舶扬帆中国

船舶的终身绿色化,使环保概念落实到船舶管理、生产、运营的各个环节,对船舶设计、生产、运营、拆解过程中的防污、防漏、节能、减排等方面都有全新的要求,对工业界、航运业的影响可谓重大,为了使业界更好地了解“绿色船舶”,适应新发展的需要,本刊特开设“绿色视界”栏目,为广大读者全力打造一个宣传绿色船舶理念、介绍新要求、解读新规范、推广新经验的平台。     

欢迎订阅《水运管理》杂志

交通部优秀科技期刊中国高校特色科技期刊上海市新闻出版行业文明单位华东地区优秀期刊《水运管理》杂志创刊于1979年,系经新闻出版总署批准、上海海事大学主管主办的学术性期刊(月刊)。刊物的定位是:立足航运市场,面向全球物流,以水运为主,以管理为特色,服务经济。刊物内容涵盖航运、船舶、港口、航道、规划、仓储、现代物流、集装箱运输、多式联运、客运、船代、货代、外运、理货、投融资、财务、海事、航务、劳务、法     

How much can public private partnership really do for urban transport in developing countries?

A few cities in some of the larger developing countries in Latin America and Asia have made increasing use of multi-year concessions or franchises, competitively awarded to private companies, for construction and operation of urban transport infrastructure and for provision of public transport services. In view of the strong prospective growth of developing-country cities with large transport needs, and the rise in the emerging economies of potential new sources of private capital, it is important to see how effective PPP has so far been in this area. The experience is analyzed principally by thorough comparative review of what has actually happened for some of the main users to date: Bogotá, Santiago, São Paulo, Seoul, and several cities in both China and India. Despite delays and mistakes that have been made in development of most of the projects, the overall results, already delivered and in prospect, are very positive and urban public transport is benefiting substantially, with significant side effects on poorer people's access to work and to services, air pollution levels and road accident rates. The widest and most important advantage of the PPP arrangements, as compared with more conventional short-term contracting, is found to be the innovations, technical and managerial, developed, and, in particular, the mutual capacity building of the countries' private and public sectors and their more effective interaction. The experience in the six countries covered suggests that other developing-country cities may be best assisted to develop sound urban transport PPPs more rapidly through provision of help on chosen items among 7 elements that have proved particularly crucial but sometimes weak in the projects reviewed: Civic consultation systems, Land-use/Transport strategic planning, Land/property market management, Monitoring systems, Progressive policies, Economic regulation, and Public institutional framework for PPPs.     

Matching biological traits to environmental conditions in marine benthic ecosystems

The effects of variability in environmental conditions on species composition in benthic ecosystems are well established, but relatively little is known about how environmental variability relates to ecosystem functioning. Benthic invertebrate assemblages are heavily involved in the maintenance of ecological processes and investigation of the biological characteristics (traits) expressed in these assemblages can provide information about some aspects of functioning. The aim of this study was to establish and explore relationships between environmental variability and biological traits expressed in megafauna assemblages in two UK regions. Patterns of trait composition were matched to environmental conditions and subsets of variables best describing these patterns determined. The nature of the relationships were subsequently examined at two separate scales, both between and within the regions studied. Over the whole area, some traits related to size, longevity, reproduction, mobility, flexibility, feeding method, sociability and living habit were negatively correlated with salinity, sea surface temperature, annual temperature range and the level of fishing effort, and positively associated with fish taxon richness and shell content of the substratum. Between the two regions, reductions in temperature range and shell content were associated with infrequent relative occurrences of short-lived, moderately mobile, flexible, solitary, opportunistic, permanent-burrow dwelling fauna and those exhibiting reproductive strategies based on benthic development. Relationships between some traits and environmental conditions diverged within the two regions, with increases in fishing effort and shell content of the substratum being associated with low frequencies of occurrence of moderately mobile and moderately to highly flexible fauna within one region, but high frequencies in the other. These changes in trait composition have implications for ecosystem processes, with, for example, reductions in permanent-burrow dwellers within one of the regions potentially compromising the ability of the assemblages to process and store chemicals and waste products. However, the connections between environmental conditions and trait composition are complex and incorporate many factors. Experimental investigations will be necessary to determine the extent and consequences of these important relationships.     

Towards a seascape typology. I. Zipf versus Pareto laws

Two data analysis methods, referred to as the Zipf and Pareto methods, initially introduced in economics and linguistics two centuries ago and subsequently used in a wide range of fields (word frequency in languages and literature, human demographics, finance, city formation, genomics and physics), are described and proposed here as a potential tool to classify space–time patterns in marine ecology. The aim of this paper is, first, to present the theoretical bases of Zipf and Pareto laws, and to demonstrate that they are strictly equivalent. In that way, we provide a one-to-one correspondence between their characteristic exponents and argue that the choice of technique is a matter of convenience. Second, we argue that the appeal of this technique is that it is assumption-free for the distribution of the data and regularity of sampling interval, as well as being extremely easy to implement. Finally, in order to allow marine ecologists to identify and classify any structure in their data sets, we provide a step by step overview of the characteristic shapes expected for Zipf's law for the cases of randomness, power law behavior, power law behavior contaminated by internal and external noise, and competing power laws illustrated on the basis of typical ecological situations such as mixing processes involving non-interacting and interacting species, phytoplankton growth processes and differential grazing by zooplankton.     

多因素数学模型在温州瓯江口浅滩围涂工程研究中的应用

建立了波浪、潮流、盐度、悬沙、底床冲淤等多种因素数学模型,在模型验证的基础上,对瓯江口温州浅滩围涂工程海区的波浪场、潮流场、盐度场、悬沙场、底床冲淤场进行了数值模拟研究,对温州浅滩围涂工程对瓯江泄洪、瓯江南北口分流比、乐清湾养殖业、瓯江口港口航道及状元岙深水区、南口口外滩地的影响进行了分析论证。分析研究结果表明,温州浅滩围涂工程是可行的。     

The PROFILE project: an overview

The EC MAST project PROFILE (Processes in Regions of Freshwater Influence, ROFIs) aims to develop process understanding and tested numerical models for ROFIs. This includes the role of physical processes controlling water-property distributions, suspended sediments controlling the availability of light, nutrients and phytoplankton growth. The project comprises: (1) construction of a 3D nearshore model, with high resolution (1 h and one km approx.) and a framework coupling modules for hydrodynamics (tides, effects of winds and waves, currents, temperature, salinity, turbulence and diffusivity), sediments, plankton, nutrients and oxygen, (2) investigation of methods to include ROFI model detail in coarser shelf-wide models, (3) specific tests of model components against measurements, (4) tests of model calculations against measurements in contrasted ROFIs, (5) systematic observations suitable for these model tests (time-series over a seasonal cycle for dynamics and intermittency, good vertical resolution and spatial surveys) of the contrasted Rhine, Clyde and Thermaikos Bay ROFIs, complementing earlier measurements in the ROFI areas of the Rhine, German Bight and Po, (6) interpretation and comparison of the contrasted ROFIs' behaviour, (7) a defined set of observations, model code and output suitable for subsequent integration and promulgation as test data and a nearshore model for wider use.     

浮式防波堤研究进展

浮式防波堤具有环保、经济和可移动的优点,但可靠性、消浪效果的制约同时存在,大部分研究集中在使其具有更好的消浪性能上.以单体型、双体型、柔性结构、上浮式和其他形式的浮式防波堤为主线总结其研究成果、手段及进展,归纳物理模型和数值模拟的手段研究各种浮式防波堤的水动力特性,并给出实际工程的案例,可为浮式防波堤的进一步研究探索提...     

High-resolution surveys of the biogeochemistry of the New England shelfbreak front during Summer, 2002

We present the observations from a pair of field experiments at the New England shelfbreak front in June and August of 2002, each consisting of 14 cross-frontal surveys using the Lamont Pumping SeaSoar. Measurements of the front's physical, chemical, and bio-optical characteristics were made at high spatial and temporal resolution. The front, based on water-column hydrographic distributions, was found within a few km of the 200 m isobath during both cruises. We present here composite sections, based on averages of individual sections shifted in space to a common frontal location, of the cross-frontal distributions of these properties as a measure of the mean state of the front in both June and August. The observations show the familiar temperature, salinity, and density distributions of the summertime front, dominated by surface thermal heating. Nutrient and bio-optical distributions show the combined effects of water-mass exchange and biological processes. T, S, silicate, and phosphate distributions are suggestive of cross-frontal exchange of slope- and shelf waters, although transport mechanisms and pathways are not apparent. These properties, along with nitrate and optical measures of the suspended particle distributions, show vertical displacements of isopleths as the front is approached: property contours slope upwards toward the front from the shoreward side, and downwards toward the front from the seaward side. Again, actual water-movement pathways are not constrained by these suggestive patterns. Bio-optical distributions show elevated indicators of photosynthetic efficiency both seaward and shoreward of the front, but the front itself is a minimum in biomass. Accumulation of photosynthetic biomass appears to be controlled primarily by nitrate scarcity in waters within and above the pycnocline. At the base of the pycnocline, light limitation appears to be the controlling factor, although the base of the euphotic zone is deeper than the biomass maxima and the base of the pycnocline. Mechanisms explaining this phenomenon are unclear, but tenuous evidence suggests low stratification at the depth of the 1% light level may not allow phytoplankton to optimize for the low-light, high-nutrient conditions at depth. Cross-frontal differences in nutrient and bio-optical parameters, particularly in August, suggest distinct phytoplankton assemblages, and the presence of calcite-forming or nitrogen fixing groups to the community structure, especially in very shallow waters across the front and in pycnocline waters seaward of the front.     

旋转机械状态振动监测与故障诊断系统

旋转机械状态振动监测和故障诊断技术主要包括振动监测、振动信号处理和分析、故障诊断等．针对这些特点,以Windows2000及WindowsXP为开发平台,采用LabVIEW及MAT—LAB为编程工具,综合计算机技术、虚拟仪器技术、信号处理技术与故障诊断等技术,开发了一套旋转机械状态振动监测与故障诊断系统．该系统可以实现对振动信号的多通道采集、存储,实现离线、在线信号的时域、频域、幅值域、时频域分析处理;配置独立的小波分析模块,可以实现存储信号的小波消噪、小波包分解、发展趋势识别等功能．同时,还可实现对旋转机械故障的早期监测与其常见故障的诊断等功能．     

港口系统设备钢轨连接技术

港口系统设备一般外型尺寸和质量较大，多采用截面积较大的起重机钢轨作为行走轨道。根据港口系统设备使用特点和工程施工现场条件，结合码头和堆场结构，借鉴轻轨和重轨的无缝连接技术，对各种焊接工艺进行比较，分析钢轨的材料组成和焊接过程内部组织变化，推荐一种保证设备使用安全和操作人员舒适度、连接质量稳定、便于维护、操作简便、满足港口系统设备钢轨安装现场要求的连接方法和工艺,有助于实现工期目标，可推广应用于矿山、港口、电厂、码头及堆场等大质量机车或起重设备的钢轨连接。     

三维航道GIS中大型场景的动态组织与可视化技术研究

三维可视化技术以其直观、逼真、实时、动态等特征,目前己成为港口、海岸、航道、运河等相关领域进行科学研究、工程设计、管理与决策的重要手段。文中在对基于该技术实现的天津港三维港区与航道信息管理系统进行简单介绍的基础上,重点研究了基于空间网格索引技术、Delaunay三角网技术与LOD技术的港口地面景观与地形模型的动态组织与管理,以及基于多线程技术和OpenGL的显示列表技术的子场景块与专题信息的实时读取与渲染,并对动态海洋、全景天空、水下地形仿真与漫游、交互操作与信息查询等作了深入探讨。实践表明,文中所开发的三维可视化系统中大数据量、复杂的场景对绘制的速度影响并不大,场景逼真度高,能进行实时操作与漫游,可以满足航道与港口三维可视化、空间分析与管理的需要。