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对在役天然气管道的缺陷进行全面检测,采用内检测方式最可靠。为了提高天然气管道缺陷检测的精度,对内检测器的速度控制问题进行了研究。结合内检测器在管道内运行的原理,设计了一种采用旁通泄流方式来控制内检测器速度的方案。通过在前皮碗钢质压板上开泄流孔,控制泄流孔的泄流面积,改变内检测器的前后压差来实现内检测器运行速度的控制。实验结果表明:该方案能够使速度维持在一定范围内;可以为内检测器的设计提供借鉴。但是,实际工况下对于控制算法和机械结构的优化仍需深入研究。 相似文献
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为了研究季节性冻土地区隧道明洞边坡支护在应力场、温度场和水分场耦合作用下的冻融变形规律,文章利用FLAC^3D有限差分软件对蛟西隧道明洞边坡喷锚支护破坏现象进行数值分析。研究结果表明:温度场变化、开挖坡度大小是影响边坡稳定性的重要因素;温度不同,边坡支护变形量不同,但变形规律相同;冻胀融沉引起边坡各点的变形量在坡肩处最大,在软弱岩土层附近变形量波动较大;满足边坡冻融时稳定性且符合经济合理性的最佳边坡开挖坡度为1∶1。研究结果与实测结果一致,表明了失稳评价模型能准确、科学地预测明洞边坡支护的安全状态,于工程施工具有较好的理论指导。 相似文献
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深海环境温度较低,高温含蜡原油会发生降温析蜡,导致堵塞管道,应增强管道的保温效果。夹层管复合结构具有较好承压能力和保温性能。文中利用FLUENT软件对层流及紊流流态下夹层管二维传热模型进行计算分析,得到2种工况下管道轴向及径向温度场,结合理论分析对数值模型进行验证,分析了原油入口流速、夹芯层厚度对管道温度场的影响。 相似文献
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《西部交通科技》2020,(6)
为了研究速溶型SBS聚合物对橡胶改性沥青黏滞性能的影响,分别采用掺量0%、5%、10%、15%及20%的橡胶改性沥青与掺量8%的速溶型SBS改性剂进行复配,成功制备出不同掺量的RPCSBS改性沥青,进行了不同温度、不同转速及不同橡胶粉掺量下的Brookfield黏度试验,并采用Brookfield黏度、施工温度及黏流活化能作为技术指标对不同掺量下RPCSBS改性沥青的黏滞性能进行了研究。试验结果表明,一定程度的橡胶粉掺入,会增加RPCSBS改性沥青的黏度、黏流活化能及施工温度。当橡胶粉掺量达到15%时,RPCSBS改性沥青的黏度、黏流活化能及施工温度均达到最大,不利于RPCSBS改性沥青的现场施工,故实际现场复配时,应精确控制橡胶粉和干法SBS改性剂的掺量,避免使用15%CR+8%SBS掺量。 相似文献
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泄流清管是一种新型高效成品油管道的清管方法,合适的旁通率可优化清管效果,并能避免清管器停滞等安全事故发生。文中利用OLGA软件构建了的泄流清管模型,模拟研究了不同管径、不同流速、不同旁通率条件下清管器的速度和运行距离特性,并重点研究了清管器速度对关键参数的敏感性。结果表明:管径越小,旁通率对清管器速度的影响越显著;管流速度在1.5 m/s以上时,泄流清管不会对清管器运行速度及清管时效造成太大影响。 相似文献
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开发了一种适用于流体储运保温、电力锅炉及工业炉窑排烟烟道保温、矩形工业炉窑保温使用的方管保温优化设计软件。该软件将Matlab 7.0数学运算和图形绘制功能与VB 6.0界面开发功能结合,进行VB、Matlab和Excel混合编程。该软件结合有限差分法和焓降法,考虑保温材料热导率随温度变化及管内壁综合表面传热热阻,软件计算与实际测量管内介质出口温度误差小于2.1%。该软件能完成三维温度场分布计算并进行管内介质出口温度和散热损失优化计算,操作简便、适应性广、界面友好。 相似文献
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小管径低压输气管道在低排量下实施内检测,由于介质的可压缩性,通过弯头、跨越处,可能导致检测器的卡堵、停滞,同时瞬间速度波动幅度较大还容易造成数据缺失和检测器损坏,针对以上的问题,通过调整管道背压和替换管输介质的方式,研究了检测器的运行情况,使用自研软件记录检测器的运行速度并与建立的模型结果进行比对,论证了实际运行速度一定程度偏离于理论值,不能准确反映检测器运行状态,在替换介质后检测器获得了稳定工况,成功实施内检测并获取可靠数据。 相似文献
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针对Fluent软件流体计算能力应用于膨胀节设计中,介绍了在高温高流速介质下膨胀节温度场分布计算方法.膨胀节内流体介质为750℃的高温介质,且流速高达100 m/s.膨胀节采用双插式内衬结构,借助Fluent软件进行流热耦合计算,得出温度场分布情况.同时,基于Fluent软件对于通过波纹管流体的压降进行模拟,通过CFD... 相似文献
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Henry X. Liu Xinkai Wu Wenteng Ma Heng Hu 《Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies》2009,17(4):412-427
How to estimate queue length in real-time at signalized intersection is a long-standing problem. The problem gets even more difficult when signal links are congested. The traditional input–output approach for queue length estimation can only handle queues that are shorter than the distance between vehicle detector and intersection stop line, because cumulative vehicle count for arrival traffic is not available once the detector is occupied by the queue. In this paper, instead of counting arrival traffic flow in the current signal cycle, we solve the problem of measuring intersection queue length by exploiting the queue discharge process in the immediate past cycle. Using high-resolution “event-based” traffic signal data, and applying Lighthill–Whitham–Richards (LWR) shockwave theory, we are able to identify traffic state changes that distinguish queue discharge flow from upstream arrival traffic. Therefore, our approach can estimate time-dependent queue length even when the signal links are congested with long queues. Variations of the queue length estimation model are also presented when “event-based” data is not available. Our models are evaluated by comparing the estimated maximum queue length with the ground truth data observed from the field. Evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed models can estimate long queues with satisfactory accuracy. Limitations of the proposed model are also discussed in the paper. 相似文献
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The capacity drop phenomenon, which reduces the maximum bottleneck discharge rate following the onset of congestion, is a critical restriction in transportation networks that produces additional traffic congestion. Consequently, preventing or reducing the occurrence of the capacity drop not only mitigates traffic congestion, but can also produce environmental and traffic safety benefits. In addressing this problem, the paper develops a novel bang-bang feedback control speed harmonization (SH) or Variable Speed Limit (VSL) algorithm, that attempts to prevent or delay the breakdown of a bottleneck and thus reduce traffic congestion. The novelty of the system lies in the fact that it is both proactive and reactive in responding to the dynamic stochastic nature of traffic. The system is proactive because it uses a calibrated fundamental diagram to initially identify the optimum throughput to maintain within the SH zone. Furthermore, the system is reactive (dynamic) because it monitors the traffic stream directly upstream of the bottleneck to adjustment the metering rate to capture the dynamic and stochastic nature of traffic. The steady-state traffic states in the vicinity of a lane-drop bottleneck before and after applying the SH algorithm is analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm in alleviating the capacity drop. We demonstrate theoretically that the SH algorithm is effective in enhancing the bottleneck discharge rate. A microscopic simulation of the network using the INTEGRATION software further demonstrates the benefits of the algorithm in increasing the bottleneck discharge rate, decreasing vehicle delay, and reducing vehicle fuel consumption and CO2 emission levels. Specifically, compared with the base case without the SH algorithm, the advisory speed limit increases the bottleneck discharge rate by approximately 7%, reduces the overall system delay by approximately 20%, and reduces the system-wide fuel consumption and CO2 emission levels by 5%. 相似文献