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江海直达船属于浅吃水大型宽船,往复航经江段和海段,其疲劳问题不容忽视。将江段和海段载荷简化为小和大2级交变载荷,选取较为典型的船底纵骨贯穿横舱壁节点,通过对比试验探讨2级交变载荷对该船疲劳寿命的影响。试验结果表明,在试验工况下,变幅载荷中的大载荷是导致裂纹扩展的主要因素,小载荷的参与会降低大载荷作用下裂纹扩展的速率。采用等效应力法对变幅载荷下节点的疲劳寿命进行评估,发现采用Miner准则所得结果偏保守,采用均方根法所得结果偏危险,采用修正的Miner准则所得结果精度较高,推荐采用该方法评估2级交变载荷下船体结构典型节点的疲劳寿命。 相似文献
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疲劳评估的关键问题是S-N曲线的选取,对于某些结构复杂的大型船舶特有的结构形式,现有规范没有合适的S-N曲线.为了更合理准确地进行结构疲劳强度研究,本文选取某型具有复杂结构的船舶,用实尺度模型试验的方法研究几种典型节点的S-N曲线特性.通过全船有限元谱分析疲劳强度计算,筛选出疲劳问题重点关注区域,确定模型试验部位;根据疲劳问题严重区域的实船结构,设计加工典型节点实尺度疲劳试验模型;确定多个加载工况,进行典型节点疲劳强度试验,获取典型节点多种载荷工况下的疲劳寿命值,在此基础上,研究得到各节点S-N曲线及P-S-N曲线;应用试验所得P-S-N曲线,对船体典型节点部位进行疲劳强度评估,并与规范S-N曲线结果进行了对比,指出了它们的差异. 相似文献
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《船舶力学》2021,(10)
疲劳评估的关键问题是S-N曲线的选取,对于某些结构复杂的大型船舶特有的结构形式,现有规范没有合适的SN曲线。为了更合理准确地进行结构疲劳强度研究,本文选取某型具有复杂结构的船舶,用实尺度模型试验的方法研究几种典型节点的S-N曲线特性。通过全船有限元谱分析疲劳强度计算,筛选出疲劳问题重点关注区域,确定模型试验部位;根据疲劳问题严重区域的实船结构,设计加工典型节点实尺度疲劳试验模型;确定多个加载工况,进行典型节点疲劳强度试验,获取典型节点多种载荷工况下的疲劳寿命值,在此基础上,研究得到各节点S-N曲线及P-S-N曲线;应用试验所得P-S-N曲线,对船体典型节点部位进行疲劳强度评估,并与规范S-N曲线结果进行了对比,指出了它们的差异。 相似文献
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FPSB是一种新型深远海大型浮式结构物,长期承受交变波浪载荷作用,易发生疲劳而使得结构失效。本文以一艘FPSB为研究对象,使用谱分析法对其疲劳寿命进行了评估。首先建立水动力模型计算波浪载荷响应算子RAO,建立整船结构模型计算船体结构响应,随后选取典型节点建立子模型以得到精确的热点应力传递函数,采用北大西洋海况和P-M海浪谱,基于S-N曲线和线性累积损伤准则对典型节点的疲劳寿命进行计算分析。根据疲劳评估结果,对易损节点进行基于疲劳性能的结构优化,以提高节点形式的合理性及结构安全可靠性。 相似文献
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针对经常出现切口的船体结构节点连接处这一疲劳严重部位设计了一种切口试件。采用试验和数值计算方法研究切口节点在恒幅(CA)疲劳载荷下的疲劳特性。首先进行切口试件系列疲劳试验得到典型工况下的疲劳寿命值;然后引入基于损伤力学理论建立疲劳损伤演化模型,推导模型的迭代公式,采用非线性拟合方法拟合试验数据,得到损伤演化模型的相关参数;最后采用用户子程序技术建立疲劳损伤与单元刚度耦合算法进行有限元分析并将仿真结果与试验得到的疲劳寿命进行对比。结果表明:采用损伤-刚度耦合的仿真方法的分析结果与试验结果符合较好。 相似文献
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本文研究了腐蚀与疲劳载荷耦合作用下自升式平台桩腿服的可靠性问题。采用ANSYS对自升式海洋平台桩腿结构进行建模,根据平台服役海域的波浪散布图对桩腿结构的工况进行划分,确定浪溅区桩腿结构的疲劳关键节点及其等效应力;以桩腿材料E690高强钢为对象,进行腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展实验,获得了不同环境下的疲劳裂纹扩展参数;提出了基于断裂力学的浪溅区桩腿关键节点的时变可靠性模型,与采用现有腐蚀模型的桩腿时变可靠性指标进行了对比,结果表明了本文所提方法能有效地反映平台桩腿服役期间关键节点的时变可靠性变化趋势,为平台在服役期间的安全运行与维护保养提供了理论指导。 相似文献
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Accurate fatigue assessment is a challenging and crucial aspect of riser design. The prediction of the long-term fatigue damage must account for numerous sea states of different wave heights, periods, and directions. Each sea state entails a dynamic analysis, often performed in the time domain owing to the significant nonlinearities. Because of the short-term uncertainties from irregular waves, the simulation duration must be sufficiently long for results to converge. To alleviate the hefty computational cost of long-term fatigue analysis, researchers have proposed efficient methods, but these are not without drawbacks; in particular, wave directionality is commonly neglected. This paper presents an efficient method for long-term fatigue analysis based on time domain simulation, considering wave directionality among other things. The proposed method is based on an enhanced version of control variates to reduce the variance in Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). The control function is constructed by training artificial neural network (ANN) models using existing MCS data. Here, a customized scheme is developed to allow for the situation that the training data and ANN prediction cases have different wave directions. The proposed method is unbiased and provides an error estimate. Simulations are performed on a floating system, and the proposed method is found to improve the efficiency of MCS significantly. Different scenarios such as fixed and random wave directions are compared, confirming that wave directionality is critical and should be included in a long-term fatigue assessment. 相似文献
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Container shipping has been expanding dramatically during the last decade. Due to their special structural characteristics, such as the wide breadth and large hatch openings, horizontal bending and torsion play an important role to the fatigue safety of containerships. In this study the fatigue contributions from vertical bending, horizontal bending and torsion are investigated using full-scale measurements of strain records on two containerships. Further, these contributions are compared to results from direct calculations where a nonlinear 3D panel method is used to compute wave loads in time domain. It is concluded that both bending and torsion have significant impacts on the fatigue assessment of containerships. The stresses caused by these loads could be correctly computed by full-ship finite element analysis. However, this requires large computational effort, since for fatigue assessment purposes the FE analysis needs to be carried out for all encountered sea states and operational conditions with sufficient time steps for each condition. In this paper, a new procedure is proposed to run the structure finite element analysis under only one sea condition for only a few time steps. Then, these results are used to obtain a relationship between wave loads and structural stresses through a linear regression analysis. This relation can be further used to compute stresses for arbitrary sea states and operational conditions using the computed wave loads (bending and torsion moments) as input. Based on this proposed method for structure stress analysis, an efficient procedure is formulated and found to be in very good agreement with the full-ship finite element analysis. In addition it is several orders of magnitude more time efficient for fatigue assessment of containership structures. 相似文献
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随着安全性要求的提高,深潜器耐压舱的疲劳寿命评估变得越来越重要。对于耐压舱,在其服役期间经历的载荷历程包括扰动疲劳载荷和相对稳定的蠕变载荷,目前尚未有公认合适的模型来描述这一载荷谱历程。传统疲劳寿命预报方法通常忽略蠕变效应导致疲劳寿命预测较大的不确定性。为了更清楚地理解这一机理,该文对深潜器耐压舱用β-退火钛合金TC4 ELI的裂纹扩展率进行了理论分析,分别引入了三种类型载荷作用下的裂纹扩展率模型。并开展了在包含过载和保载载荷的一系列循环三角载荷下的疲劳裂纹扩展试验,对理论模型进行了验证,为合理评估深海载人潜水器的疲劳寿命提供了基础。 相似文献
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渤海某FPSO的单点系泊装置固定塔架由导管架、将军柱和上部组块构成,其中将军柱是系泊力的主要承受构件之一,其结构安全至关重要。由于系泊力是典型的交变载荷,作用在结构上会产生疲劳损伤,因此有必要对将军柱进行在位期间的疲劳分析。本文提出一种长期海况下海上固定装置疲劳计算方法,通过AQWA软件建立单点系泊系统的多体耦合水动力模型模型,根据渤海的海况环境资料计算出FPSO运动时域内所受到的的系泊力;基于S-N曲线方法与Miner线性累计损伤理论,通过nCode Designlife疲劳计算软件计算将军柱结构的疲劳寿命和管节点的疲劳损伤;评估结构的疲劳强度,分析易发生疲劳的关键节点位置,并给出增加管节点疲劳寿命的建议及设计方法,为相同类型的海上固定式结构物的结构设计及疲劳分析提供有益的参考及借鉴。 相似文献