使用20年岸壁式钢板桩码头的腐蚀与破坏

通过对钢板桩岸壁式码头钢筋混凝土胸墙破坏情况及水下钢板桩腐蚀程度的检测,码头胸墙多处因船舶撞击而破损,混凝土保护层严重剥落,钢筋腐蚀严重;水下钢板桩无大的变形和异位现象,钢板桩平均腐蚀速度为0.039 mm/a。     

咸淡水钢管桩牺牲阳极设计与施工

依托安哥拉LNG码头钢管桩牺牲阳极阴极保护工程,重点介绍在咸淡水环境下牺牲阳极阴极保护的设计、施工与验收,并介绍该工程浅水区引桥钢管桩牺牲阳极的实施。为咸淡水和浅水区的特殊环境下牺牲阳极阴极保护的实施与验收提供了重要依据。     

某钢板桩码头阴极保护系统的检测与分析

结合南海某地新型铝合金牺牲阳极保护的钢板桩码头的腐蚀情况,根据钢板桩保护电位的检测数据推算牺牲阳极保护体的剩余寿命,分析新型铝合金牺牲阳极对钢板桩的保护效果,并就钢板桩码头阴极保护系统提出改进建议.     

獭山港码头钢管桩牺牲阳极阴极保护效果的评定

獭山港某码头钢管桩采取防腐涂层和牺牲阳极阴极保护措施已10余a。通过对该码头钢管桩阴极保护系统防腐效果的检测,计算牺牲阳极的剩余使用寿命,测量保护电位和检查钢管桩腐蚀状况,并对牺牲阳极保护效果进行评价和分析。     

营口港某码头腐蚀与防护状况调查与分析

对营口港某码头的腐蚀与防护状况进行了调查,调查内容包括钢管桩外观状况、涂层厚度、壁厚、保护电位和阴极保护系统等。结果表明,大部分钢管桩整体状态良好,无明显的涂层破损和局部腐蚀,壁厚和涂层厚度满足要求,保护电位正常。但少部分钢管桩存在涂层的局部破损,部分钢管桩因整流器损坏或输出电流偏低导致保护电位不足。     

护堤钢板阴极保护电场的有限元仿真

为了给老式靠船码头的护堤钢板添加阴极保护系统,为护堤钢板阴极保护设计提供依据,建立护堤钢板阴极保护体系的理想模型,用有限元仿真代替传统经验估算法对不同情况下护堤钢板的阴极保护体系进行模拟计算,找到护堤钢板在不同的腐蚀介质及钢板之间相互影响时的阴极保护电场的分布规律。     

钢管桩码头外加电流阴极保护监控技术

某液化气码头2001年建成,因种种原因未实施阴极保护。至2008年检测时,发现腐蚀严重。为了控制腐蚀,延长码头的使用寿命,单位决定采用外加电流阴极保护技术来控制钢管桩的腐蚀。系统采用新型的MMO阳极和阴极保护数字控制电源,并结合GSM短信技术实施对阴极保护运行参数的实时监测。投入运行后,电位测量结果表明,钢管桩受到了良好的保护。     

渤海湾在役高桩码头钢桩检测与评估实例分析

在役高桩码头面临升级改造,需要对其桩基础的耐久性和安全性进行检测和评估。对某使用多年的高桩码头的钢管桩,通过外观普查,对其涂层厚度、保护电位、牺牲阳极和管桩蚀余厚度检测,全面分析了钢管桩所处工作状态,为码头结构的改造升级方案提供科学依据。     

毛里塔尼亚友谊港阴极保护翻新工程

介绍了毛里塔尼亚友谊港引桥及码头钢管桩原防腐系统达到设计使用年限后,在传统防腐保护方法的基础上,对腐蚀最严重的区域引进了PTC新型包覆防蚀技术。通过采取涂料、PTC包覆和牺牲阳极阴极保护三种防腐方法的有效结合,解决了水位变动区和海洋浪溅区部位腐蚀严重部位的涂料修复困难问题,保证钢管桩具有更长久、更全面、更有效的保护效果。工程实施后,保护电位测量结果表明钢管桩防腐保护效果良好,该工程设计与施工合理。     

在役钢管桩浪溅区腐蚀损伤补强加固方法探讨

钢管桩在浪溅区的腐蚀最严重,给近海工程结构带来安全隐患。但是针对钢管桩浪溅区腐蚀缺陷的维修仍以防腐蚀处理为主,忽视了腐蚀导致的钢管桩有效厚度减小、承载能力下降问题。为此,提出一种浇筑混凝土桩芯的浪溅区锈蚀钢管桩补强加固方法。对补强加固机理、钢管桩内浇筑混凝土的施工方法、有效获取黏结力的措施、桩芯黏结长度计算方法进行了探讨。     

Corrosion rate measurements in steel sheet pile walls in a marine environment

Corrosion of steel structures in the marine environment is a major problem. The deterioration of this kind of structures is costly and difficult to predict both when designing new structures and when estimating the remaining service life time for existing structures. The aim of this investigation was to find indicative values for the corrosion rate of steel sheet piles on the Swedish west coast. Such corrosion rates (mm/year) can be used both when designing new structures by oversizing the steel thickness and when estimating the bearing capacity of existing sheet pile structures. Earlier investigations on the corrosion rates along the Swedish east coast – with salinity from about 0.2% to 0.8% – are still used today as guidelines for the corrosion rate of all steel structures in the Swedish maritime environment even though the salinity on the west coast can be as high as 3.0%.Steel sheet pile wharfs located in the port of Halmstad on the Swedish west coast were inspected by ultrasonic measurements. Three wharf structures with a total length of about 700 m were inspected. None of the inspected wharfs had or have had cathodic protection. The thickness measurements of the steel sheet pile structures were performed by divers.The age of the three inspected sheet pile structures ranged from 36 to 51 years. The dimensions of the original sheet pile sections are known. One of the quay structures is located along a river. The salinity at all wharfs varied from low values at the surface to approx. 2% at the bottom (also in the river outflow).The measured average corrosion rates were in the same order as the design values in the European code. However, the results indicate increased corrosion rates about 1 m below the mean water surface and at the level of the propellers from the ships berthing the most frequented of the inspected wharfs, 3–6 m below water surface.The tolerances of steel sheet thicknesses – usually in the order of ±6% – are often neglected when investigating the remaining thickness in steel sheet piles. A simple calculation model shows that the sheet pile must be almost 50 years of age before an accurate estimation on the corrosion rate can be made, considering the tolerances, if the true original sheet pile thickness is not known.     

A computational investigation of the effects of both-sides general corrosion on the buckling/plastic collapse behaviour and strength of stiffened plates

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the post-buckling behaviour and ultimate strength of imperfect corroded stiffened steel plates used in ships and other marine-related structures. A series of elastic–plastic large deflection finite element analyses is performed on stiffened steel plates suffering general corrosion wastage with random distribution. General corrosion is introduced into the finite element models using a random thickness surface model. The effects of corroded stiffened plate parameters on the post-buckling and ultimate strengths are evaluated in detail. The stiffeners of different symmetrical or unsymmetrical cross-sections are introduced into the models for analysis. Some distinctions are explored and highlighted between the behaviours of steel plates suffering general corrosion in unstiffened and stiffened cases. Finally, a proposal is given in order to simulate the average stress–average strain relationship of stiffened steel plates having both-surface general corrosion wastage.     

外包覆防腐系统在天津港水位变动区钢管桩防腐修复中的应用

针对海洋钢结构浪溅区和水位变动区腐蚀的严重性,首次在天津港范围内选用两种新型外包覆防腐系统(PTC新型包覆防蚀系统和Denso矿脂防腐带冷包缠系统),用于解决某码头钢管桩水位变动区的涂层破损问题,取得了良好的修复效果。为天津港水上区钢管桩的防腐修复工作积累了宝贵的经验。     

钢管桩阴极保护与Denso防腐蚀技术联合保护

在营口港某码头钢管桩出现腐蚀问题后,对钢管桩采取牺牲阳极阴极保护与Denso防腐蚀技术联合保护,详细介绍了Denso防腐蚀技术的施工工艺以及牺牲阳极阴极保护技术的设计过程。结果表明该结合技术的保护效果良好,可供相关水域的钢管桩保护借鉴参考。     

包覆防护系统在高桩码头钢管桩维护中的设计与应用

结合我国华南地区处于海水环境的某码头工程钢管桩的维护,分析钢管桩的腐蚀特点,对比选择防腐蚀措施,最终在钢管桩腐蚀最严重的浪溅区及水位变动区选用了包覆防护系统设计并进行工程实践论证。有效解决了该区域传统措施防护年限不足的难题,取得优异的防护效果,为类似工程的设计及施工提供参考。     

Reliability assessment of maintained ship hulls with correlated corroded elements

This paper reviews the factors that affect the corrosion rate of the ship hull girder. It is shown that corrosion rates vary as a function of the location of the element in the structure, of the ocean area and type of ballast tank and steel. However, the corrosion rate in elements that are subjected to similar conditions is highly correlated.

A time-variant formulation is proposed including the correlation between the corrosion rates in neighbouring elements in modelling the degrading effect that corrosion has on the reliability of ship hulls. The effect of corrosion is represented as a time-dependent decrease of plate thickness that affects the midship section modulus. One repair policy was considered and the example results show the effect of plate replacement when its thickness reaches 75% of the original value. The results also illustrate how the limit value of the thickness in the repair criteria influences the reliability and the decision about repair actions. This is also shown for the effect of different corrosion rates, inspection intervals, and allowable stresses.     

Effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames of bulk carriers (1st report)

Firstly, pitting corrosion observed on hold frames in way of cargo holds of bulk carriers which exclusively carry coal and iron ore has been investigated in detail. It was shown that the shape of the corrosion pits observed on them is a circular cone and the ratio of the diameter to the depth is in the range between 8 to 1 and 10 to 1, which is different from the trend observed for the bottom shell of the oil tanker where the ratio is in the range between 4 to 1 and 6 to1.Secondly, a series of tensile tests has been conducted to investigate the effect of pitting corrosion on tensile strength of members. It was pointed out that the tensile strength decreases gradually and the total elongation decreases drastically with the increase of the thickness loss due to pitting corrosion. The reduction of the tensile strength of the members with pitting corrosion is larger than that of members with uniform thickness loss in terms of average thickness loss.Thirdly, a series of compressive buckling tests has been performed to examine the influence of pitting corrosion on buckling behavior of members. It was found that compressive buckling strength of pitted members is smaller than or equal to that of members with uniform thickness loss in terms of average thickness loss.Finally, an elasto-plastic analysis by FEM has been carried out to simulate the compressive buckling test in order to validate the method of modeling members with pitting corrosion. An attempt has been made to simulate the compressive buckling behavior of pitted members using shell elements of which meshing size is almost the same as the original thickness of the pitted plate.     

跨海大桥承台钢套箱底板对阴极保护系统的影响

跨海桥承台采用钢底板封底,诸多因素使得钢底板与钢管桩之间绝缘性难以保证。钢底板为裸钢,连入钢管桩阴极保护系统影响较大。分析电阻法测量法不能准确判断钢底板与钢管桩的电连接的原因,认为采用半电池电位法测量更为可靠,同时分析钢底板对钢管桩阴极保护的发射电流和使用寿命的影响程度,提出相应的补救措施。