浅述汽车顶盖横梁的结构优化设计

介绍了顶盖总成系统的基本零件构成,阐述了顶盖横梁的类型及在顶盖系统中的作用,从零件的制造性、工艺性等方面着重论述了顶盖横梁的设计方法及要点,并简要论述了顶盖横梁的轻量化设计方向。     

汽车顶盖装饰条的设计与开发

顶盖装饰条可覆盖车顶以及侧围之间的焊接槽,起到美化与装饰外观的作用。文章主要通过顶盖装饰条的结构形式、端头设计以及设计验证等三方面对顶盖装饰条的设计与开发进行论述。     

SH6606轻型客车车身顶盖设计

应用ＣＡＤ手段，进行ＳＨ６６０６轻型客车车身顶盖设计，本文概要介绍顶盖设计的结构特点，采用顶盖横梁与侧围立柱，地板横梁完整地形成一个封闭的框架，保证车身整体受力均匀，采用锡铋模制样件拼装夹具，使顶盖骨架与蒙皮相配合，保证顶盖总成的整体刚性，此外还介绍了顶盖密封和装配工艺性改进方面的措施。     

浅谈白车身顶盖激光钎焊产品工艺设计及焊接缺陷调试方法

结合白车身顶盖激光钎焊在东风本田汽车有限公司的工业化实际应用，探讨了顶盖激光钎焊产品工艺设计及焊接缺陷调试方法，重点介绍了顶盖激光钎焊产品结构设计、零部件尺寸精度控制、顶盖激光钎焊生产线工艺规划和平面布置、焊接缺陷调试方法，以及激光钎焊人工检查及返修工艺。通过全面地介绍顶盖激光钎焊产品工艺设计和缺陷调试方法，为后续新车型顶盖激光钎焊产品设计和工艺规划提供技术参考。     

商用车PDCPD顶盖开发关键技术研究

文章对PDCPD顶盖轻量化设计与性能控制方法进行了分析,介绍了PDCPD顶盖制备工艺及关键技术,分析了PDCPD顶盖的轻量化效果及应用优势,为企业在大型PDCPD结构件的开发上提供指导。     

轿车顶盖冲压工艺

通过分析总结9种车型10种顶盖工艺方案,对轿车顶盖类所包含的技术作一个全面深入的剖析,以形成技术标准规范,指导未来轿车的顶盖设计和制造。     

汽车顶盖内饰设计

本文结合设计与实际制造经验,总结了汽车顶盖内饰件基于整车设计的思路及技巧。并对研发中顶盖设计的材料、工艺、周边零部件布置及安装结构应考虑的一些基本原理进行了阐述。     

客车顶盖发响与顶盖蒙皮张拉

针对客车顶盖发响问题，运用振动理论作深入定性分析；论述顶盖骨架的设计，并对解决其发响而采用的顶盖中蒙皮张拉工艺作简要介绍。     

MD—Z—1型客车顶盖蒙皮自动点焊设备的设计与调试

以该公司为云南客车厂设计、制造、调试的客车顶盖蒙皮自动点焊设备为例，叙述客车顶盖蒙皮自动点焊设备的设计和在设备调试过程中几项关键技术问题的处理，并对客车顶盖总成（骨架与蒙皮连接）优选结构、改变目前生产工艺、提高客车顶盖质量等方面做了有益的探讨。     

汽车天窗与顶盖匹配设计

文章主要介绍了汽车天窗的种类、结构及相关参数,重点论述了天窗布置需要考虑的因素及布置方法,并对天窗与顶盖的配合设计进行了详细的说明,针对顶盖天窗开口翻边和天窗加强框配合断面形式做了详细的介绍,为天窗与顶盖的匹配设计提供了有价值的参考。     

灵宝环城斜交桥病害分析与加固技术

在分析灵宝环城大桥病害的基础上提出斜交桥上下部整体加固设计方法。该推荐方案为基本构件和节点碳纤维加固和桥面浇筑整体化钢筋混凝土层、基础砌筑片石混凝土防护。该方案不仅提高了桥梁结构的整体刚度和承载力,达到荷载等级提高的目的;而且很好地控制裂缝的发展。通过对比加固前后静载和动载数据,得出该推荐方案在旧桥加固中的优势。     

Design and optimisation of wheel–rail profiles for adhesion improvement

This paper describes a study for the optimisation of the wheel profile in the wheel–rail system to increase the overall level of adhesion available at the contact interface, in particular to investigate how the wheel and rail profile combination may be designed to ensure the improved delivery of tractive/braking forces even in poor contact conditions. The research focuses on the geometric combination of both wheel and rail profiles to establish how the contact interface may be optimised to increase the adhesion level, but also to investigate how the change in the property of the contact mechanics at the wheel–rail interface may also lead to changes in the vehicle dynamic behaviour.     

基于BIM的物化阶段碳排放简化计算方法

“十四五”时期是我国持续推进节能减排、持续向双碳目标迈进的重要时期，建筑业作为我国碳排放的重要来源，必须在设计阶段就进行碳排放的计算，实现以减少碳排放为目标的设计。为了在结构设计中实现物化阶段碳排放量的快速统计和优化设计，提出综合碳排放因子的概念以简化碳排放计算。与此同时，为了达到碳排放量自动统计及便捷优化设计的目的，尝试将综合碳排放因子同BIM软件结合起来，利用BIM中明细表功能，实现基于构件类别的碳排放自动统计，以达到节能减排的目标。     

勘察设计单位知识型员工的管理思考

对于知识密集、人才密集的勘察设计单位,发挥好勘察设计单位知识型员工在资源配置中的作用,建立有效的管理和激励机制,调动其积极性和主动性,具有重要意义。该文论述了勘察设计单位知识型员工管理上的几点看法,可供企业管理人员参考。     

Human driving data-based design of a vehicle adaptive cruise control algorithm

This paper presents a vehicle adaptive cruise control algorithm design with human factors considerations. Adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems should be acceptable to drivers. In order to be acceptable to drivers, the ACC systems need to be designed based on the analysis of human driver driving behaviour. Manual driving characteristics are investigated using real-world driving test data. The goal of the control algorithm is to achieve naturalistic behaviour of the controlled vehicle that would feel natural to the human driver in normal driving situations and to achieve safe vehicle behaviour in severe braking situations in which large decelerations are necessary. A non-dimensional warning index and inverse time-to-collision are used to evaluate driving situations. A confusion matrix method based on natural driving data sets was used to tune control parameters in the proposed ACC system. Using a simulation and a validated vehicle simulator, vehicle following characteristics of the controlled vehicle are compared with real-world manual driving radar sensor data. It is shown that the proposed control strategy can provide with natural following performance similar to human manual driving in both high speed driving and low speed stop-and-go situations and can prevent the vehicle-to-vehicle distance from dropping to an unsafe level in a variety of driving conditions.     

Improving train service reliability by applying an effective timetable robustness strategy

ABSTRACT

To avoid propagation of delays in dense railway timetables, it is important to ensure robustness. One strategy to improve robustness is to provide adequate amount of buffer times between trains. This study concerns how “scheduled minimum headways” should be determined in order to improve robustness in timetables. Scheduled minimum headways include technical minimum headway plus some buffer time. We propose a strategy to be implemented in timetables at the final stages of planning and prior to the operations. The main contributions of this study are 1) to propose a strategy where the size of the scheduled minimum headways is dependent on trains' travel times instead of a fixed-sized time slot and it is called “travel time dependent scheduled minimum headways” or TTDSMH, 2) to evaluate the effects of the new strategy on heterogeneity, speed, and the number of trains in timetables, 3) to show that a simple strategy can improve robustness without imposing major changes in timetables. The strategy is implemented in an Mixed Integer Linear Programming framework for timetabling and tested for some problem instances from Sweden. Results show that TTDSMH can improve robustness. The proposed strategy can be applied in intelligent transportation tools for railway timetabling.     

新时期农村公路建设重点与发展对策研究

我国当前正处于大规模农村公路建设时期,明确农村公路的建设重点和发展对策可以更好地发挥农村公路的作用。基于农村公路的经济学属性,从当前国家宏观发展战略出发,提出了与时代特征相结合的农村公路发展观;结合农村公路作用机理和作用过程,探讨了与之相适应的农村公路的发展目标与方向;以此为基础,探讨了今后农村公路的建设重点和主要对策措施。本文的研究可以为今后区域公路的持续协调发展提供决策参考。     

重载铁路下穿京沪高铁的路基结构设计研究

山西中南部重载铁路与京沪高铁在山东泰安交叉,由于重载铁路设计轴重达30 t,动应力影响深度大,采用何种路基结构型式,避免外荷对高铁桥墩的影响,成为控制线路安全通过高铁的关键。同时,该处线路北临大汶河,采用何种防水路基结构,以满足大汶河百年洪水位防洪要求,也是设计需考虑的重要因素。研究结果表明:采用路堤式U型槽路基结构型式,取得了预期效果。     

城市地下空间开发规划与设计——亚洲稠密城市经验研究

由于地下空间开发的不可逆性,为使城市可持续发展,地下空间开发应当合理调研、规划及管理。在大多数城市,由于缺乏地下空间整体开发利用规划,没有相应的明确政策和行政指引,开发引导因素不足,导致地下空间开发往往形成相对单一独立的项目。在亚洲2个人口密集城市——香港和新加坡的地下空间开发经验的基础上,审视地下空间开发经常被忽视但益发重要的课题,这就是如何通过城市规划设计,发挥地下空间资源协调和平衡利用。     

混凝土箱梁暖棚法冬期施工

现浇钢筋混凝土普通箱梁冬期施工时,首要任务是保证混凝土尽快达到临界强度,避免遭受冻害。着重在混凝土搅拌、运输、浇筑、养护等环节做好加热或保温措施。天津市复康路互通式立交桥局部工程进行了冬期施工,施工方法采用暖棚法,为桥梁上部结构冬期施工进行了卓有成效的探索。