国际货运代理人法律地位的认定标准

为正确认定国际货运代理企业的法律地位并依其法律地位承担相应的责任和义务,就实践中国际货运代理人法律地位认定的几个标准进行分析,认为明确国际货运代理人法律地位认定标准有助于国际货运代理人明确法律责任,建立更好的风险防范机制,对当事各方责任和风险的分担具有至关重要的作用,也是解决货运代理业务纠纷的基本前提。     

An exploratory study on the Northern Sea Route as an alternative shipping passage

This qualitative inductive research explores the potential benefits for the Scandinavian economy and ports through the implementation of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) as an alternative for container shipping to the established Southern route through the Suez Canal. To extract expert’s opinions and address these objectives, we utilised in-depth face-to-face semi-structured interviews through purposive sampling in a single case study setting. The analysis of the data demonstrates that the commercialisation of NSR can yield benefits for the Scandinavian economy (e.g. GDP increase, jobs creation) and reveals the benefits of Scandinavian ports (e.g. ECA’s, flexibility, hinterland, etc.) compared to other ports in North West Europe, which potentially grasp the NSR as an opportunity. However, it is highlighted that this can only be achieved if Scandinavian countries are proactive and secure their involvement.     

The study on the compilation of the China container freight index

Although there exists many kinds of shipping freight indexes, the compilation of a container freight index is still not shown. As such, this paper has taken a further study on the compilation of the China container freight index, which includes selection of calculation formula, determination of freight type, the choice of samples of shipping lines and rules of revision of the index.     

The study on the compilation of the China container freight index

Although there exists many kinds of shipping freight indexes, the compilation of a container freight index is still not shown. As such, this paper has taken a further study on the compilation of the China container freight index, which includes selection of calculation formula, determination of freight type, the choice of samples of shipping lines and rules of revision of the index.     

2010年上半年美国国际贸易海运简析

随着各国政府财政刺激方案和扩张性货币政策的实施,2010年上半年世界大多数经济体的经济和贸易延续2009年后期开始的增长态势。本文根据美国联邦政府部门提供的2010年上半年的国际贸易海运统计数据,简析美国国际贸易海运,尤其是美国与我国之间海运发展变化情况。     

赵—栖线万吨级自航自卸原油驳设计探讨

本文针对赵庄沟至栖霞山航线探讨了用‘单位排水量功率’小、‘载重量系数’大的自航驳作原油运输的合理性,并重点结合16000吨自航自卸原油驳的结构及动力设计,探讨了技术关键和设计方案。     

2008年上半年美国国际贸易海运简析

根据美国国际贸易海运统计数据,分析美国国际贸易海运货量和货值的变化以及变化的区间差异,特别是美国与我国之间海运货量和货值的变化,得出主要结论：美国和我国间的海运与美国经济和贸易以及关中贸易发展关系紧密,海运货量和货值变化与美国经济增长速度放缓、美元贬值、人民币升值导致的美国国内消费需求下降、我国出口产品成本增加而美国出口产品成本降低的状况完全吻合。     

2009年上半年美国国际贸易海运简析

根据美国国际贸易海运统计数据,分析美国国际贸易海运及美国与我国间海运发展变化情况,认为美国与我国贸易关系紧密,我国港航业发展很大程度上依赖国际贸易发展,而美国经济和贸易发展对全球经济和国际贸易发展有举足轻重的影响,因而美国经济复苏将是我国港航业复苏的前兆。     

冰的温度膨胀力研究

在寒冷地区,各类水工建筑物均会受到冰荷载的作用,而冰的温度膨胀力是其中一种对结构产生重要影响的荷载.例如,坐落于寒冷地区的水库建筑、海中固定式结构、防波堤和护岸等.这些结构形成了冰的约束边界,当外界环境温度(主要是气温)发生变化时,冰的温度场也发生变化,从而引起冰的应变,产生温度应力,并对结构产生温度膨胀力.冰的温度膨胀力受多种因素的影响,包括约束边界的形状、约束体的刚度、冰层的相对厚度、升温速率、冰的应变率等.冰的温度膨胀力已引起较为广泛的关注,本文对目前国际上对冰的温度膨胀力具有代表性的几种估算方法进行了介绍和简单的评价,为实际工程的设计提供了一些参考依据.     

基于区块链的舰船通信数据防篡改模式研究

现有舰船通信数据存储模式存在易被篡改等缺陷,结合具备防篡改特性的区块链技术设计通信数据防篡改模式,构建该模式中的舰船通信区块链结构,通过区块链共识机制由所构建的舰船通信区块链中选取最佳区块,以分层数字签名的方式向最佳区块内加密上传舰船通信数据,完成舰船通信数据的加密防篡改存储。结果表明,该模式在上传舰船通信数据过程中,可保持平稳的签名加密与最佳区块选取运算开销,并有效避免各类篡改攻击,具有较高的防篡改性能。最终存储的数组舰船通信数据中,最高被篡改与缺失数据量的占比仅为0.004%与0.02%,存储数据的整体安全性与完整性较为理想,可为舰船通信数据的安全存储提供保障。     

An investigation into the existence of a two-tier spot freight market for crude oil carriers

Developments in environmental legislation have exercised increased pressure on the tanker sector to improve its quality. To date, the most influential and, indisputably, the most controversial piece of legislation against oil pollution is the U.S. Oil Pollution Act that was introduced in 1990. This paper attempts an empirical examination of the effects of these developments in the spot freight market. Using a database of Worldscale fixtures over a period of four and a half years, a series of statistical tests was performed with the aim of detecting the existence of any premium paid for vessels of lower age, double hull construction, or trading to the U.S.A. The results were mixed, indicating in several cases some form of premia for US.-bound vessels, but less evidence of premia for lower age and better hull construction.     

Testing port choice models using physical and monetary data: a comparative case study for the Spanish container trades

ABSTRACT

Transport costs are useful explanatory variables in port choice research. Nevertheless, the availability of such information usually poses a problem. Thus, the formulation of an alternative approach, to be used as a proxy of these variables, would be desirable. The objective of this study is to improve the analysis of container port choice using logit models by adopting physical non-monetary indicators based on maritime distance and ship size. The statistical tests of logit models on port choice using these new variables are compared with the result of using cost variables for the same data set of choice positions. The statistical outcome is good and allows us to present this new approach as a contribution to the literature on port choice modeling.     

第四代国际海事卫星技术的特点研究

1979年10月,国际海事组织（IMO）通过了《国际海事卫星组织公约》,国际海事卫星组织（Inmarsat）（现改为国际移动卫星组织）正式成立。目前国际海事卫星通信系统（以下简称海事卫星）是唯一作为强制性的海上遇险安全通信标准纳入《国际海上人命安全公约（SOLAS）》的移动卫星通信系统。     

三峡枢纽区域货运组织方案研究

伴随着长江上游货运量的扩大,三峡船闸通过能力不足问题已逐步显现.在分析三峡枢纽区域货物运输供需关系的基础上,引入闽值的概念,通过三峡船闸优化调度,合理进行过闸船舶运输组织,以提高三峡枢纽区域通过能力,同时提出采用水陆联运的组织方式实施货物分流,以缓解船舶的待闸问题.     

Highly disaggregrated models of seaborne trade. An empirical model for bilateral dry-cargo trade flows in the World economy

The aim of this paper is to estimate an empirical model of bilateral dry-cargo seaborne import flows in the international economy. Seaborne trade elasticities are estimated for the first time, utilizing the Constant Ratio of Elasticities of Substitution Homogeneous/Homothetic (CRESH) function, a function very rarely used in the past. Highly disaggregated data on volumes of seaborne trade, published by the UN, distinguish between five types of cargo according to the type of ship used for its transportation, and 30 trading regions according to the major sea-lancs used by ships internationally. Multistage budgeting is employed to make the problem of estimation tractable. An empirical model for dry-bulk cargo is estimated based on the CRESH function. Estimation of bilateral export price elasticities enables comparison of the degree of competition in each import market over export regions, and amongst import markets themselves. Risk-averse ship owners may utilize such a comparison to operate in world shiplanes with low degree of competition.     

The empirical evidence of the leverage effect on volatility in international bulk shipping market

This paper mainly applies Nelson's EGARCH (Exponentially Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) model to investigate the leverage effect in the presence of the international bulk shipping market. The daily return of three different types of bulk vessel in the sampling period selected has been examined. We find that all return series show a significantly negative relation in terms of return and volatility and the leverage effect on volatility is more significant in market downward movement than in market upward movement under the same magnitude of innovation, in addition, the larger vessels have much more leverage effect than smaller vessels contemporaneously. Therefore, it seems to be an inherent nature in the international bulk shipping market that the phenomenon of an asymmetric impact between past innovations and current volatility. This result from the investigation may provide investors with an insight into real characteristics of price return volatility, it is useful for investors to pre-arrange their portfolios of assets, risk management e.g. enabling them to achieve a reduction of investment risk and an increase of operation performance in profit gain.     

强夯法处理软弱地基施工参数选取浅析

以洋山深水港同盛物流园区软弱粉土地基加固处理为背景,系统研究了强夯施工参数的确定方法,并通过洋山深水港同盛物流园区的地基加固处理验证了强夯施工参数确定方法的合理性,可为强夯的设计提供参考,也能为今后的工程实践提供经验。     

A nested logit model of mode choice for inland movement of export shipments: A case study of containerised export cargo from India

Predominance of containerised mode of transport for export of general cargo has influenced the mode choices on the inland segment. Prior to containerisation the general cargo for export moved to ports invariably on road in break bulk form. Growth of containerisation led to development of inland terminals enabling an exporter to obtain export clearance at the inland points. This process facilitated an exporter to move cargo either in break bulk or in containerised form, and as inland terminals facilitated aggregation an exporter could move cargo either by road or rail. Thus containerisation increased the inland transport options for an exporter from one to three. The paper develops discrete choice models in the Indian context for inland movement of containerised export cargo. Primary data was collected from 124 export firms through a structured questionnaire. This data is supplemented with data from transport firms and terminal operators. Using the above data, a nested logit model with rail container and road truck in one branch was found to predict the mode choice behaviour best. Amongst the transport attributes, total cost and total transit time were found to be influencing the mode choices significantly. The study however did not find the effect of reliability and loss and damage significant. In addition, the model also predicts that non transport attributes - like the percentage of letters of credit that materialise with inland way bills and the value of export benefits that materialise after export - are important in the mode choice decision.     

实验数据数学建模方法研究

阐述了曲线估计的基本思想和多元线性回归的概念,介绍一种利用二者相结合的实验数据建模方法,以实船板实验数据为例,建立船体外板自重成形的数学模型,实测分析表明,预报结果与实验结果符合较好。