电控液压全可变气门冲击回弹试验研究

为了实现HCCI模式到SI模式平稳转换,使发动机控制系统对进排气门的控制具有更大的柔性,开发了电控液压驱动全可变配气门。在开发的测试系统内,对样机进行了测试,新设计的电液驱动气门配气性能有了提高,存在的主要问题是气门打开后有回弹现象,气门冲击回弹大。针对气门冲击回弹影响因素,以系统的管路长度、压力作为参数变量,在不同转速下对电液气门进行了测试。分析了参数的灵敏度并确定了参数选择的范围,提出了新的解决方案,为进一步仿真优化气门定时和气门升程调整提供了基础。     

柔性调节无凸轮配气机构设计与试验研究

设计了液压驱动柔性调节的无凸轮配气机构,分析了其工作原理和气门运动特性,试制了原理样机,通过对原理样机的试验研究获得了该配气机构的气门运动特性,提出了气门"软着落"方案,有效降低了气门落座冲击。该柔性调节配气机构可以实现气门提前角、气门开启持续时间(时面值)、气门迟闭角等参数的连续可变。将该柔性调节配气机构成功应用于液压自由活塞柴油机的排气门,试验效果良好。     

发动机电磁气门驱动开环控制系统设计与试验

对电磁气门驱动的控制系统有3方面要求:使励磁线圈中电流快速变化、实现气门软着陆和减少能耗。从电磁气门驱动工作原理出发,针对对控制系统的要求,为用于探索性试验研究的电磁气门驱动装置研制了开环控制系统,并通过电磁气门开环系统的驱动试验检验了该控制系统的可行性。     

无凸轮轴电液配气机构性能试验

基于1105单缸柴油机,开发了无凸轮轴电液配气机构.介绍了该机构的工作原理并进行了机构性能台架试验;探索了无凸轮轴电液配气机构的气门升程、气门启闭速度和落座冲击的影响因素.试验表明,该系统对气门正时、气门开启持续期和气门升程等参数可以实时控制,达到了设计要求.指出了该机构目前存在的不足及拟采取的措施.     

液压气门挺杆的故障原因及排除

随着汽车技术的发展,目前液压技术在汽车中的应用越来越广泛,如汽车采用高速发动机广泛地使用液压气门挺杆来消除气门间隙和减小配气机构的噪音。但当液压气门挺杆出现故障时,修理技术人员和操作人员寻找原因时比机械装置困难得多,甚至还不知如何下手。为此,本文分析了液压气门     

柴油机可变气门机构试验平台控制系统的设计

针对某船用柴油机可变气门机构试验平台设计了试验平台电子控制系统,具体设计分为控制单元、上位机、传感器和执行器四部分。根据系统需求选取了适合的传感器和执行器,并设计开发了电子控制系统的硬件电路及控制方法。结果表明:电子控制系统能够接收传感器信号,精确输出控制信号驱动电磁阀改变气门正时和升程,使得在凸轮额定转速186~425r/min范围内,气门关闭正时可变范围达到0°~70°曲轴转角,最大附加升程达到5mm;在凸轮最大转速550r/min下,附加升程亦能达到5mm,满足了试验要求。     

凸轮驱动式液压可变气门机构设计及运动特性

降低汽油机部分负荷泵气损失需要灵活的可变气门机构,凸轮驱动式液压可变气门具有较好的应用前景,但依然面临压力波动和气门落座速度难以控制等问题。本文中通过调节节流阀开度使0～4 800 r·min~(-1)的气门升程在0～8.2 mm范围内连续可变,仿真探究了活塞直径对压力波动和节流孔径对气门落座速度的影响,并据此确定了活塞直径和节流孔径,试验研究了液压油温度对气门运动特性和气门落座速度的影响规律。研究发现:适当增大活塞直径能降低系统工作压力并减小压缩波峰值,有利于降低压力波动,最终选取挺柱和气门活塞直径分别为17和14.5 mm,小于1.6 mm的节流孔径可使4 000 r·min~(-1)时的气门落座速度小于0.5 m·s~(-1)。转速不变,气门最大升程随节流阀开度的增大而逐渐降低;相同节流阀开度,转速越高气门最大升程越大,节流阀开度越大,不同转速时的最大升程差异也更大。节流阀全关,液压油温度对升程的影响很小;相同节流阀开度,随液压油温度升高,气门腔压力和气门最大升程逐渐降低。气门落座速度对液压油温度不敏感,不同温度的气门落座速度方差仅为4.9%。     

丰田VVT-i Vs本田VTEC

本田VTEC技术 VTEC（Variable Valve Life Timing ＆ Valve Electronic Control System）是世界上第一个能同时控制气门开闭时间及升程两种不同情况的气门控制系统,本田公司在其几乎所有车型上都使用了VTEC技术。VTEC意为可变气门正时及气门升程电子控制系统。与普通发动机相比,     

基于液压驱动气门的柴油机性能优化研究

在某柴油机上将传统凸轮驱动气门机构改进设计为液压驱动气门机构,利用仿真软件GT-Power建立液压驱动气门柴油机模型,分析进气滞后角、排气提前角和气门重叠角对柴油机动力性的影响,然后以扭矩最大为目标对配气正时进行联合仿真优化,最后对比两种内部EGR实现方法在不同负荷下的EGR率和对NOx排放量的改善效果。研究结果表明,在外特性下,液压驱动气门柴油机在中低转速时的动力性和经济性有了明显改善,扭矩比原机提高了5.6%,燃油消耗率降低了5.1%;但由于液压气门响应滞后,随着转速的升高,改善效果逐渐降低。在转速2 000r/min时,排气门晚关比排气门早关可以获得更大的EGR率,NOx排放量降幅也比排气门早关的大,在50%负荷时,NOx排放量降幅最大为23.8%。     

德国(依纳)公司气门间隙液压补偿元件及其布置形式(二)

2、插入式气门间隙液压补偿元件的构造特点 这个方案中,摇臂绕固定的摇臂轴轴线摆动。插入式气门间隙液压补偿元件插入摇臂的一端。摇臂的另一端由凸轮从下面通过一个滚子推动,使得摇臂通过插入式气门间隙液压补偿元件推动气门,见图7。插入式液压补偿元件的构造跟支柱式液压补偿元件有一点区别:它的柱塞顶部是敞开的,顶上由一块支承板盖住。柱塞装在油缸里边,相互可以     

气液混合型制动系的执行机构建模试验和仿真

分析了用于多轴车制动系气液混合型执行机构各元件的动态特性 ,结合其鼓式制动器 ,提出了一种鼓式制动器的弹性特征模型 ;将各元器件有机结合 ,建立了整个执行机构的动态特性分析的数学模型 ,应用Mat lab工具进行仿真计算。将仿真计算和试验获得的压力建立过程进行对比分析 ,结果验证了仿真数学模型的正确性。     

Development of a bushing with an active compliance chamber for variable displacement engines

In this paper a novel active compliance chamber is designed, which can be used to control the dynamic stiffness of a common hydraulic bushing. This chamber offers a simple and cost-effective solution for the variable displacement engine (VDE) isolation problem. A VDE system requires a soft bushing for the half cylinder mode and a regular one for normal engine operations. A magnetic actuator is used to produce mechanical pulses. The linearisation technique is used for simplifying the nonlinear equation of motion. Different current sources are used to feed the magnetic actuator. The pressure inside the chamber follows linearly the current input signal. The phase shift in various current inputs is used in the form of the transfer functions to create the required pressure response pattern in the frequency domain. Since the dynamic stiffness of a conventional hydraulic bushing is a direct function of the pressure inside it, the active compliance chamber can be used to alter the pressure and consequently produce the required dynamic stiffness response. As a result, it can address the engine vibration problem for VDE situation.     

Adaptive impedance control of a hydraulic suspension system using particle swarm optimisation

This paper presents a novel active control approach for a hydraulic suspension system subject to road disturbances. A novel impedance model is used as a model reference in a particular robust adaptive control which is applied for the first time to the hydraulic suspension system. A scheme is introduced for selecting the impedance parameters. The impedance model prescribes a desired behaviour of the active suspension system in a wide range of different road conditions. Moreover, performance of the control system is improved by applying a particle swarm optimisation algorithm for optimising control design parameters. Design of the control system consists of two interior loops. The inner loop is a force control of the hydraulic actuator, while the outer loop is a robust model reference adaptive control (MRAC). This type of MRAC has been applied for uncertain linear systems. As another novelty, despite nonlinearity of the hydraulic actuator, the suspension system and the force loop together are presented as an uncertain linear system to the MRAC. The proposed control method is simulated on a quarter-car model. Simulation results show effectiveness of the method.     

顺序增压系统液压转换装置结构设计与评估试验研究

针对某增压柴油机,设计了一种带有液压执行机构转换装置的顺序增压系统,并通过台架试验评估该系统的性能。试验结果表明,带液压执行机构的顺序增压转换装置具备流量调节能力,可实现受控增压器的"寄存",进气阀和排气阀由自编的控制程序根据设定的开闭规律动作,在试验过程中工作稳定。     

气动式执行机构在AMT上的应用

分析了城市公交客车采用AMT的优势,阐述了选择气动执行机构原因。为验证气动执行机构的可行性,开发设计了一款基于公交客车五挡机械变速器的AMT气动执行机构,并装车进行了试验。试验结果表明,该执行机构简单可靠且成本低廉,具有很大的推广价值。     

车辆主动悬架用电磁作动器温度场的有限元仿真分析

利用异步感应电机工作原理,设计了一种新型车辆主动悬架用电磁直线作动器。建立了该作动器的有限元仿真模型,并对其电磁力和温度场进行了有限元仿真分析,得出作动器内部的温度场分布规律:作动器在产生大电磁力的同时,内部温度上升明显,初级绕组处的温升最快,初级铁芯越接近次级温升越快。对加工后的电磁作动器样机模型进行了堵转情况下的电磁力和温度试验测试,所得结果与仿真结果基本一致。     

电磁馈能悬架作动器设计

为了实现电磁馈能悬架减振与能量回收的目的,将永磁直线电机作为悬架的作动器.以传统筒式减振器为试验对象,设计了一种圆筒型直线式作动器,对作动器各部分结构尺寸进行了设计,并对作动器进行了仿真分析.结果表明:设计的永磁直线作动器电磁力在均值为330N,磁场分布均匀,满足作动器设计要求.     

压电堆执行器温度特性研究

在压电堆执行器生热和散热机理分析基础上,建立高压共轨喷油器压电堆执行器温度特性的计算模型,经与试验结果对比,验证了模型的准确性.研究了驱动场强、驱动频率和驱动脉宽增加的苛刻工作条件下不同影响因素对压电堆执行器的生热特性的影响,并研究了压电堆执行器结构和喷油器冷却结构对散热特性的影响.     

Reconfigurable fault-tolerant controller synthesis for a steer-by-wire vehicle using independently driven wheels

In this paper, a synthesis method for a reconfigurable fault-tolerant control system for use in a steer-by-wire vehicle is proposed. The vehicle considered in this paper is also assumed to have independently driven wheels. The control objective in this work is to enable the vehicle yaw rate to track the reference signal even when the steering actuator breaks down. Since the vehicle yaw rate can be controlled with either the front wheel turn angle or the yaw moment generated by the independently driven wheels, this system has actuator redundancy. We attempt to design a control system that manages this actuator redundancy so that the performance degradation due to the actuator failure is minimised. We utilise a control allocator based on on-line optimisation for managing the actuator redundancy. The fault-tolerant control system with a control allocator has several excellent properties. For example, the method can handle various failure situations. Also, since the control allocation problem is reduced to a convex quadratic programming problem, the on-line computational effort is relatively little. However, so far, it has been unclear whether the stability of the control system with the control allocator is guaranteed when the actuator failure occurs. Therefore, we propose a design method of a fault-tolerant controller based on on-line optimisation that guarantees the stability of the overall system. The effectiveness of the method is established through numerical examples.     

Nonlinear dynamic modeling of an electro-pneumatic pressure converter for VGT pneumatic actuator

This paper presents a detailed physical model of an electro-pneumatic system, used to control Variable Geometry Turbochargers (VGT). The VGT actuator system consists of two parts, a diaphragm based pneumatic actuator and a solenoid based Electro-pneumatic Pressure Converter (EPC). The proposed model copes with the pressure dynamics inside the pneumatic actuator, with special focus on the EPC. The dynamics of both parts have been modeled separately and combined into one model by parameterizing the effective flow area and the air mass flow through the pneumatic actuator. The variations in volume, temperature and air mass flow rate have been taken into account. The model so obtained serves mainly for studying the effect of actuator dynamics on the global engine system. For control purposes, the detailed model is simplified to reduce the calculation load. Both models are validated using experimental data obtained from an engine test bench.