铝合金货车侧墙多道焊变形预测

基于热弹塑性有限元法,对铝合金货车侧墙多道焊焊接变形进行仿真预测,仿真中充分考虑了材料热物理属性的影响．基于实体一壳单元混合模型,建立了侧墙有限元网格模型,应用3D高斯双椭球热源模型实现了焊接过程温度场分析．从工程实际出发设计了四种焊接顺序,通过对四种焊序下仿真结果的对比分析,讨论了不同焊接顺序对铝合金货车侧墙焊接成形的影响,为研究大型铝合金薄板焊接过程中的应力应变和减少焊接应力与变形提供了参考依据．     

Prediction of Welding Residual Stress in 2. 25Cr-1Mo Steel Pipe

Introduction2.25Cr-1Mo-steel is widely used in thepetroleum industry and in steam power generatingof both nuclear and conventional power plants be-cause of its excellent high-temperature strength,corrosion resistibility,and resistance to high-tem-perature hydrogen attack.Because several alloy el-ements are added into2.25Cr-1Mo-steel,marten-site is prone to form after welding.It has been rec-ognized that phase transformation can radically af-fect the development of residual stresses[1-2].Inor…     

AN FEM MODEL OF BUCKLING DISTORTION DURING WELDING OF THIN PLATE

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｂｕｃｋｌｉｎｇｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｉｏｎｓａｒｅｏｆｔｅｎｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄｉｎａｔｈｉｎ－ｗａｌｌｗｅｌｄｅｄｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ．Ｉｔｉｓｏｆｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅｔｏｐｒｅｄｉｃｔａｎｄｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｓｕｃｈｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｉｏｎｓｃａｕｓｅｄｄｕｒｉｎｇｆｕｓｉｏｎｗｅｌｄｉｎｇ．Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎ－ａｌＦＥＭａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ，ｔｈｅｔｈｅｒｍａｌａｎｄｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｂｅ－ｈａｖｉｏｒｓｉｎｗｅｌｄｉｎｇｈａｖｅｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｃｈ…     

Numerical Simulation of Projection Welding Processes for Door Hinge of Automobile Based on Coupled Fields Analysis

Projection welding is a variation of electric resistance welding with the dynamic changes of the flow paths for heat and electrical properties with changing temperature caused by the large plastic deformation collapse of projection. As the joint type between the auto door hinge and the inner plate, projection welding may bring welding distortions and would affect the assembly quality of auto body. A comprehensive electric-thermal-mechanical numerical simulation was performed to quantitatively simulate the processes of projection welding by using a coupled finite element method. The mechanism of projection collapse and the formation process of nugget were discussed and good conclusions have been achieved comparing with the test results.     

Numerical Study of the Plastic Behaviour of a Low Alloy Steel during Phase Transformation

IntroductionItiswellknownthaphasetrapsformationsplayanimPortantroleontheresidualstressesandstrainsinducedbythermalprocessessuchasweldingandquenching.lnthispaPer,wefocusourattentiononthebehaviourofsteelsduringphasetransformations.AtheoreticalaPproachhasbeenachievedbyLeblondetal[1]andhasledtOamacroscopicmodelinthecaseofideal-plasticphases[2][3].Thenthemodelhasbeengeneralizedtotakestrainhardeningphenomenaintoaccount[4].ThetheoreticalaPproachhasbeenassessedandcompletedusingflniteelementsimulati…     

Computer Predictions and Experimental Verification of Residual Stresses and Distortion in Carburizing-Quenching of Steel

IntroductionInordertoobtainimprovedmechanicalpropertiesandfatiguestrengthofmachinecomponents,stlchasgears,shaftsandsoon,carburizing-quenchingprocessasamethodofstirfacehardeningisoftenusedinindustry.Howevef,carbtirizing-quenchingisusuallyaccompaniedwithcarbonconcentrationandleadtodistortion,residualstressesandhardnessofsteelparts.Theeffectofcarboncontentisspeciallysignificantonphasetransformationbel1aviorThispaPerwillpresentthesimulationresultsoftheresidualstressfieldanddistortionofasteelcylin…     

基于ANSYS汽车后桥壳体焊接温度场有限元分析

对汽车后桥壳体进行焊接温度场有限元分析和模拟,建立有限元方程,利用APDL语言编制了相应的程序,在程序中考虑了材料热物性参数的温度相关性、熔化潜热以及对流等对温度场的影响.     

厚钢板对接焊缝残余应力的数值模拟

基于ABAQUS及其子程序DFLUX,采用热力间接耦合法,对不同厚度尺寸的Q345B厚钢板的对接焊缝进行了三维模拟分析,得到了焊接的温度场分布和最终焊接残余应力分布.结果表明：构件表面焊接残余应力大于中间面;表面纵向和横向残余应力都有一定的规律;对接焊缝沿纵向焊接残余应力随着板厚度的增加而增加,这种增加的趋势对厚度小于70 mm的钢板很明显,对70～80 mm的钢板不明显;而横向残余应力随钢板厚度的增加变化不显著.     

FEM-BEM Coupling for the Modelling of Induction Heating Processes Including Moving Parts

IntroductiollAnyelectricalconductorplacedinatime-varyingmagneticfieldistheseatofeddycurrentsthatdissipatepowerthroughJouleeffect.ThispowerisconcentratedinthesurfaceofthecomPonent,inaverysmallthicknesswhichdependsontheelectricalconductivityandmagneticpermeabilityofthematerial,butalsoonthefrequencyofthecurrents.Inductionhardeningprocessestakeadvantageofthiseffectbecauseitthereforepossibletocontrolthethicknessofthetreatedlayer.InductionhardeningofsteelcomPonentsisrealisedintwosteps.First,anindu…     

X65管线厚板控制冷却时的相变效应

为明确相变效应对X65管线厚板控制冷却的影响,通过开发线性混合热膨胀模型、拓展Avrami相变动力学模型和应用Leblond模型建立了热力耦合有限元模型.用该模型研究了X65管线厚板在上下层流冷却系数分别为3和1 kW/(m2.K)的非对称控制冷却时,相变效应对温度、残余应力和应变的影响.结果表明:相变期间,潜热减缓心部和下表面的冷却速度达50%、25%;潜热和TRIP效应分别产生峰值为89、-89 MPa,并且130、-170 MPa的应力可减小整体残余应力;相变膨胀产生峰值为723、-479 MPa的组织应力决定了整体残余应力大小及分布.     

钢结构桥梁中特厚钢板焊接应力动态数值模拟分析

钢结构中特厚钢板焊接应力的理论分析一直为人们所关注。基于有限元软件ANSYS,采用高斯热源模型加热,利用生死单元,动态模拟分析80 mm特厚钢板对接焊过程中,对多层、多道焊的温度场进行加热模拟,实现焊缝的动态生成,跟踪应力场的变化情况。分析结果与重庆观音岩长江大桥构件焊接试验结果基本一致,为特厚钢板构件的设计和制作提供有实用价值的参考依据。     

转向架焊接残余应力的测试及退火工艺

利用磁弹性法测量了材质为16MnR的CW-200型焊接转向架构架一定深度处的残余应力,分析了热处理前后构架中残余应力的分布及变化规律,并且研究了不同的退火工艺对焊后构架残余应力的影响．结果表明：构架焊接后存在较高的残余应力,在牵引杆座与横梁焊缝处最大值达到193MPa拉应力;而经过不同的去应力退火工艺处理后,残余应力的消除率不同．在630℃退火、保温3h工艺条件下试验用构架残余应力平均消除率最高,X、y方向的最大消除率分别为58．3％和54．6％．     

Computer modeling and validations of steel gear heat treatment processes using commercial software DANTE

The heat treatment process of a gear made of AISI 9310 carburized steel is modeled using the commercial heat treatment simulation software DANTE. Both carburization and quenching processes affect the residual stress distribution and distortion of heat-treated parts, which are important to service quality and fatigue life. DANTE/VCARB is used to design the boost/diffuse schedule of a vacuum carburization process. Oil quenching is modeled following the vacuum carburization process. Thermal gradient and phase transformation are two main sources of distortion and residual stresses in quenched parts. The relation of the carbon distribution, thermal gradient, and phase transformations during quenching is studied through the gear modeling example. Because of geometry, the residual stress distribution after quenching is non-uniform along the gear surface. In general, the root fillet has higher residual compression than either the root or tooth face locations after traditional oil quenching of carburized gears. The predicted residual stresses from the oil quenching model are imported into a single tooth fatigue bending model. The gear stresses under bending load indicate the possible cracking locations during the bending fatigue test. The importance of heat treatment residual stresses during gear design is pointed out, and it is commonly ignored in the gear design and manufacturing industry.     

PREDICTION OF WELDING DEFORMATIONS BY FEM BASED ON INHERENT STRAINS

IntroductionIt is of importance to predict and control theresidual deformations caused by welding pro-cesses to ensure the accuracy of a welded produc-tion.Nowadays there are three ways to deter-mine the welding deformations:( 1 ) empiricalformulas or curves based on the experiments;( 2 ) thermo- elasto- plastic analysis by FEM;( 3)inherent strain method.The empirical formulasare only suited to the cases of simple plates orbeams that undergo a welding cycle close to theexperiment conditions. …     

大型罐体预加水压消除焊接应力的分析计算

本文采用半解析半有限元法分析了预加水压消除大型罐体焊接残余应力的效果。先用壳体理论计算预加水压时罐体的应力,然后取包含焊缝的局部区域作为研究对象,把壳体应力作为应力边界条件,把焊接应力作为初应力,应用平面应力问题的弹塑性有限元法计算加载和卸载后的残余应力分布,计算结果表明,这是一种简捷而有效的方法。文中得出的结论,对工程实际有一定的参考价值。     

Effect of rotation speed on temperature field and axial shortening of inertia friction welded GH4169 joints by numerical simulation

A 2D finite element model was established for inertia friction welding of GH4169 nickel-base superalloy based on the ABAQUS environment. The remeshing and map solution techniques were adopted to solve the problem of element distortion. The effect of rotation speed on the temperature field and axial shortening of joints was investigated. The results show that the interface temperature increases rapidly to higher than 900°C within 1 s. And then, it increases slowly to a quasi-stable value. The axial shortening begins to augment quickly when a uniform interface temperature field has formed and the plasticized material is extruded from the interface to form an obvious flash. The rotation speed of the flywheel controls the welding process and has a significant influence on the temperature evolution and axial shortening of joints.     

船用空心电抗器温度场研究

建立了空心电抗器磁场-电路-流场-温度场的耦合计算模型。通过该模型可以计算得到磁场、电感和电流以及空心电抗器的气流场和温度场分布。以一种空心电抗器为例,将温度计算值与实测值作了比较。结果表明,该方法具有较高的计算准确度,能够满足工程设计的要求。     

Numerical simulation on temperature and stress fields in beryllium during cutting process

The temperature and stress fields in beryllium during high speed cutting process were studied by employing a thermo-mechanically coupled finite element method (FEM). The results show that the temperatures in beryllium increase only a little during the cutting process. Both of the residual stresses for along and normal to the cutting direction are tensile stresses in the surface of beryllium after cutting. The cutting force and thrust force are about 280 and −250 kN/m at the steady stage, respectively. The main effects of coolant on the cutting process are to decrease the friction coefficient and heat between the tool and the workpiece, so to reduce the temperature, but almost no effects are made for stress. This study is helpful to enhance the understanding for stress formation and optimize the process parameters of beryllium.     

连续刚构桥大体积混凝土承台温度场仿真分析

混凝土在固化过程中释放的水化热使构件内部产生较大的温度变化,由此产生的温度应力是导致混凝土出现裂缝的主要因素.结合某特大桥大体积混凝土承台施工工程,采用MIDAS/Civil分析软件对其进行仿真,对大体积混凝土承台内部温度场变化的规律和温控措施的实际效果进行总结.通过对理论值与实测值的比较分析,为桥梁大体积混凝土承台温度控制提供指导.     

单向短纤维复合材料中热残余应力研究

基于单向短纤维增强金属基复合材料的单纤维模型,利用轴对称弹塑性有限元分析方法,研究了该类复合材料中热残余应力的大小和分布情况以及各种微结构参数的变化对它的影响,同时还讨论了热残余应力的存在对基体与纤维之间应力传递的影响。研究表明,热应变的不匹配导致纤维受压、基体受拉,界面法向受压。热残余应力的存在降低了基体与纤维间的应力传递,不利于复合材料整体性能的提高。