管土作用下的钢悬链线立管动力响应及其疲劳分析

钢悬链线立管的疲劳分析得到越来越多的重视,尤其是其与海床土体相互作用引起的疲劳。本文根据 Aubeny提出的管土作用模型以及 Bridge提出的土体吸力模型,采用有限元方法,在考虑其与海床土体相互作用的基础上,分析了钢悬链线立管在不同载况作用下的动力响应及疲劳损伤。分析发现,钢悬链线立管上触地点和悬挂点处的疲劳损伤更为显著;洋流载荷对立管疲劳损伤的影响随着水深的增加而减弱;土体吸力的存在,会增大触地段尤其是触地点附近的疲劳损伤;立管触地点附近的疲劳损伤与土体刚度呈正相关。     

管土作用下的钢悬链线立管动力响应及其疲劳分析

钢悬链线立管的疲劳分析得到越来越多的重视,尤其是其与海床土体相互作用引起的疲劳。本文根据Aubeny提出的管土作用模型以及Bridge提出的土体吸力模型,采用有限元方法,在考虑其与海床土体相互作用的基础上,分析了钢悬链线立管在不同载况作用下的动力响应及疲劳损伤。分析发现,钢悬链线立管上触地点和悬挂点处的疲劳损伤更为显著;洋流载荷对立管疲劳损伤的影响随着水深的增加而减弱;土体吸力的存在,会增大触地段尤其是触地点附近的疲劳损伤;立管触地点附近的疲劳损伤与土体刚度呈正相关。     

向量式有限元法在管土相互作用中的应用

向量式有限元法是基于向量式力学和数值计算的一种创新性的结构行为分析方法。文章采用三种弹簧模型模拟海床,将向量式有限元法用于钢悬链线立管触地段与海床土体相互作用研究中,编制相应Matlab求解程序,计算了端部施加一定位移下立管的位形和弯曲应力,并与他人基于有限差分法及ABAQUS的模拟结果进行对比,同时运用该方法分析了弹簧模型、土体刚度、土体吸力系数等参数对立管触地段变形和弯曲应力的影响。结果表明向量式有限元法在模拟静态端部位移加载下的管-土相互作用是准确和可行的,能够直接求解变形和内力,具有相对简洁性,此方法是对立管力学行为的模拟,符合实际运动变形过程。为模拟管-土相互作用提供了新方法,同时为进一步研究实际循环载荷下管-土相互作用奠定了基础。     

钢质悬链线立管与海床土体相互作用的数值模拟

对海洋钢悬链线立管(SCR)与土体的相互作用研究越来越得到业界的重视,不同计算方法得到的结果准确性如何尚未做过对比分析.文章采用有限元法和有限差分法对管—土的相互作用进行了数值计算.在有限差分法中采用弹簧单元,在有限元法中采用接触单元模拟悬链线立管与海床土体的相互作用,得到端部施加不同位移载荷下的立管弯矩、土体反力、触底点位置并与实验结果作比较.分析了端部位移载荷大小对触地点(TDP)位置及对土体反力的影响.文中采用的方法在模拟静态端部位移加载下的管—土相互作用与实验结果吻合较好.为进一步模拟循环载荷下管—土相互作用奠定了基础.     

深海钢悬链立管管土相互作用研究进展

从试验和数值模拟两个方面总结评述了近年来钢悬链立管管土作用方面的研究成果。在试验方面,阐述了钢悬链立管管土作用的非线性行为及其对管道应力和弯矩的影响,其中海床吸力、海床刚度衰减和沟槽的形成增加了钢悬链立管管土作用的复杂性;在数值模拟方面,重点阐述了节点弹簧约束模型,将钢悬链立管看作一根置于一系列非线性弹簧上的梁,利用P-y曲线来表示海床刚度;同时对今后需要继续深化的研究进行了展望,为国内钢悬链立管管土相互作用研究提供了参考。     

海洋管线与海床土体接触作用的数值模拟

针对海洋管线在铺设、安装和作业过程中与土体的复杂接触,产生的管线外载荷诱发的管线强度问题,采用非线性有限元软件ABAQUS对管土接触过程进行数值模拟,分析触地管线贯入和回弹过程中的主要影响参数,数值模拟结果与挪威岩土工程研究院的大尺度试验结果一致,表明该方法能较好地反映土体抗力和吸力的产生和释放过程,验证了数值分析的可行性。参数分析结果表明摩擦角和粘聚力对管土间的接触作用有显著影响。     

复合筒型基础周围土体在波浪作用下的动力响应

利用OpenFOAM模拟数值波浪水槽,将复合筒型基础周围海床受到的波压力作为初始条件输入有限元软件ABAQUS,建立波浪作用下海床动力响应模型。数值模拟结果与实验结果及解析解吻合较好。运用此模型进行了复合筒型基础周围海床在行进波作用下动力响应研究和土体特性对波浪作用下海床动力响应的影响分析,结果表明,海床孔隙水压衰减速度随着海床渗透系数和弹性模量的增加而增大。     

土体卸载对高桩结构影响分析

建立某软土地基高桩码头模型,并利用通用岩土有限元软件进行分析。通过对施工步骤的模拟,分析港池疏浚和岸坡开挖对码头桩基的影响。结果表明:岸坡开挖引起的土体卸载,对码头桩基弯矩和码头水平位移均有显著影响,在结构计算时应采用有效的计算手段,考虑施工工序的作用。土体卸载产生的桩基弯矩及码头水平位移与土体开挖深度之间并非正相关,而是受各土层强度的影响。     

基于ANSYS模拟潜坐结构吸附力

基于ANSYS软件分析结构物提升过程中淤泥质海床对结构物的吸附力,模拟结构物在提升力作用下土中的应力应变情况。结合ANSYS中的接触分析、单元生死,以及DP材料来模拟土体,分析确定极限吸附力的大小,并与理论公式计算结果进行比较;分析结构物周围土体在提升力作用下位移场分布变化及结构物与土体相互作用时的复杂应力状态。     

基于AutoPIPE的海底悬空管线挖沟埋设应力分析

基于AutoPIPE软件考虑管土作用机制,以施加密集V-stop模拟海床,并通过改变V-stop位置模拟挖沟过程,悬空管道在治理过程中的应力表明,一次挖沟成型与多次挖沟成型之后的管道应力相同,但多次挖沟成型过程中的应力峰值明显低于一次挖沟成型,而避免了悬空管道在挖沟过程中可能发生的屈服破坏;海底悬空管道挖沟埋设过程中随着挖沟深度和管道温差的增加,管道应力、屈服位移呈现增大趋势。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。