风载荷作用下滑行艇运动响应的数值预报

本文基于计算流体力学软件FLUENT,编制了耦合求解滑行艇纵向运动预报程序,开展了三维滑行艇模型在风载荷作用下运动响应的数值预报。重点分析了风载荷对滑行艇升沉、纵摇运动和升力、阻力的影响,定量给出了风载荷引起的阻力占总阻力的比重。     

水气双重介质共同作用下滑行艇纵向运动预报

为探究滑行艇水气双重介质共同作用下的运动响应情况,针对喷水推进滑行艇的高速运动原理,建立水气双重介质作用下滑行艇非线性的纵向运动数学模型。分析滑行艇在水气双重介质共同作用下滑行过程中的受力特性,确定艇体受到的重力、浮力、动升力和风压阻力等,改进受风面积和风压力臂的计算方法,提出实时计算滑行艇浸湿长度的计算公式。编写滑行艇纵向运动预报程序,并对不同工况下滑行艇运动的预报结果予以了分析。结果显示,当主机输出功率一定时,计入空气比不计入空气时的航速下降5.1%,升沉量下降0.006 m,纵摇角抬升0.2°,阻力增加1 893 N,动升力减小404 N;而计入风的阻力对滑行艇的运动影响较大,航速下降15.3%,纵摇角增加0.6°,升沉量下降0.021 m,动升力下降1 139 N,阻力增加5 472 N。     

高速轻型穿浪双体船纵向运动改善措施研究

针对在改善高速轻型穿浪双体船(WPC)迎浪中波长与船长接近时纵向运动幅度较大的缺点,采用了理论计算与模型试验相结合的方法,对250 t级穿浪双体船开展了水翼改善纵向运动的理论和试验研究,分析了水翼形式、尺度和安装位置等对纵向运动的影响规律。数值计算和试验结果的比较表明,计及水翼—船体水动力干扰影响的切片理论可满足WPC加水翼后波浪中纵向运动计算的需要,但在纵向运动响应峰值处数值计算结果偏高。模型试验表明,250 t级WPC加装水翼后,迎浪纵摇和垂荡有义幅值可减少20%～30%。     

深V型滑行艇静水阻力性能影响因素研究

基于深V型滑行艇的系列模型阻力试验数据,比较系统地分析了深V型滑行艇静水阻力的影响因素,研究了阻力、浸湿面积、浸湿长度以及航行纵倾角随折角线长宽比、重心纵向位置、负荷系数、艇底斜升角等因素的变化规律,指出在舯部斜升角保持24.6°不变的前提下,艇底艉部横向斜升角为10°左右时滑行艇静水中的阻力性能较优,进一步增加增升角度对静水阻力性能不利。     

基于遗传算法的带有调纵倾尾板及拦截器的滑行艇水动力性能评估及优化（英文）

Nowadays, several stern devices are attracting a great deal of attention. The control surface is an effective apparatus for improving the hydrodynamic performance of planing hulls and is considered an important element in the design of planing hulls. Control surfaces produce forces and a pitching moment due to the pressure distribution that they cause, which can be used to change the running state of high-speed marine boats. This work elaborates a new study to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of a planing boat with a trim tab and an interceptor, and optimizes them by using an optimization algorithm. The trim tab and the interceptor have been used to optimize the running trim and motion control of semi-planing and planing boats at various speeds and sea conditions for many years. In this paper, the usage of trim tab is mathematically verified and experimental equations are utilized to optimize the performance of a planing boat at a specificd trim angle by using an optimization algorithm. The genetic algorithm(GA) is one of the most useful optimizing methods and is used in this study. The planing boat equations were programmed according to Savitsky's equations and then analyzed in the framework of the GA-based optimization for performance improvement of theplaning hull. The optimal design of trim tab and interceptor for planing boat can be considered a multiobjective problem. The input data of GA include different parameters, such as speed, longitudinal center of gravity, and deadrise angle. We can extract the best range of forecasting the planing boat longitudinal center of gravity, the angle of the trim, and the least drag force at the best trim angle of the boat.     

深V型滑行艇纵向运动试验研究

深V型滑行艇模型纵向运动试验研究表明：规则波中,升沉响应的平均值与静水航行时的重心升高极为接近,纵摇响应的平均值与静水航行时的纵倾较为接近,证实了相同航速下滑行艇在波浪中航行的纵向运动是相对于静水浮态的升沉纵摇运动;随着航速的增加,升沉响应峰值、纵摇响应峰值、垂向运动加速度峰值都向长波方向移动;速度较高、波幅较大时,升沉、纵摇、垂向运动加速度是非线性的。     

水翼辅助推进船舶波浪中运动和增阻特性研究

基于在船首两侧增添（固定）水翼的水翼辅助推进船舶的设想,选取集装箱船型作为研究对象,采用三维面元法对原型和水翼船在规则波中的运动和增阻响应进行了预报,并与试验结果进行比较,验证了计算结果的准确性。研究结果表明水翼能够有效地减小船舶在波浪中的纵摇、垂荡和增阻响应,其中添加水翼船在波浪中的纵摇和垂荡响应峰值分别减少了21%和24%,而增阻响应则减小了80%。此外还对水翼展弦比和安装位置对船舶在波浪中的运动和增阻响应的影响进行了研究。     

基于HydroSTAR的水翼五体船耐波性优化研究

为改善五体船在空载及小摇荡时的耐波性,论文通过在五体船主船体和片体之间加装水翼构造水翼五体船,在此基础上借助耐波性通用软件HydroSTAR对不同水翼攻角水翼五体船及原五体船耐波性计算,并对相关耐波性指标进行对比分析,以此研究水翼五体船的攻角优化问题.通过对比研究发现,水翼五体船的纵摇幅值、横摇幅值及垂荡幅值明显低于五体船,且在低频波段NACA4415翼型水翼五体船最优攻角在10°左右.     

Model test investigation of a spar floating wind turbine

Several floating wind turbine designs whose hull designs reflect those used in offshore petroleum industry have emerged as leading candidates for the future development of offshore wind farms. This article presents the research findings from a model basin test program that investigated the dynamic response of a 1:50 scale model OC3 spar floating wind turbine concept designed for a water depth of 200 m. In this study the rotor was allowed to rotate freely with the wind speed and this approach eliminated some of the undesirable effects of controlling wind turbine rotational speed that were observed in earlier studies. The quality of the wind field developed by an array of fans was investigated as to its uniformity and turbulence intensity. Additional calibration tests were performed to characterize various components that included establishing the baseline wind turbine tower frequencies, stiffness of the delta type mooring system and free decay response behaviour. The assembled system was then studied under a sequence of wind and irregular wave scenarios to reveal the nature of the coupled response behaviour. The wind loads were found to have an obvious influence on the surge, heave and pitch behaviour of the spar wind turbine system. It was observed from the experimental measurements that bending moment at the top of the support tower is dominated by the 1P oscillation component and somewhat influenced by the incoming wave. Further it was determined that the axial rotor thrust and tower-top shear force have similar dynamic characteristics both dominated by tower’s first mode of vibration under wind-only condition while dominated by the incident wave field when experiencing wind-wave loading. The tensions measured in the mooring lines resulting from either wave or wind-wave excitations were influenced by the surge/pitch and heave couplings and the wind loads were found to have a clear influence on the dynamic responses of the mooring system.     

汲水斗对水面飞行器水动力性能的影响

[目的]基于数值和试验方法研究汲水斗不同状态下水面飞行器的水动力性能变化规律.[方法]首先,通过试验方法研究水面飞行器放下汲水斗时在不同速度及不同排水量下的水动力性能;然后,采用CFD数值方法求解不同速度下,无、收起和放下汲水斗3种情况下水面飞行器的黏性绕流场.[结果]结果显示,随着速度的增大,在相同汲水量下,水面飞行...     

迎浪规则波中小水线面双体船纵向运动及波浪载荷非线性特性数值分析

基于RANS方程和VOF模型求解船体粘性兴波流场,开展了小水线面双体船(Small Waterplane Area Twin Hulls,SWATH)迎浪规则波中纵向运动及波浪载荷的非线性特性研究.通过数值计算结果与模型试验结果的对比分析,验证了文中方法的有效性;在此基础上,较为系统地分析了SWATH船的垂荡及纵摇运动响应、垂向加速度和波浪载荷的一阶及二阶量随入射波高的变化规律,指出SWATH船的运动响应及载荷与波高存在非线性的关系,尤其体现在响应共振区附近;相比于船体垂荡和纵摇运动,垂向加速度及波浪载荷的非线性特性更为显著.     

基于Morabito方法的滑行艇喷雾详细研究的计算机程序开发(英文)

Recently, Morabito(2010) has studied the water spray phenomena in planing hulls and presented new analytical equations. However, these equations have not been used for detailed parametric studies of water spray around planing hulls. In this paper, a straight forward analysis is conducted to apply these analytical equations for finding the spray geometry profile by developing a computer program based on presented computational process. The obtained results of the developed computer program are compared against existing data in the literature and favorable accuracy is achieved. Parametric studies have been conducted for different physical parameters. Positions of spray apex are computed and three dimensional profiles of spray are examined. It is concluded that spray height increases by an increase in the speed coefficient or the deadrise angle. Ultimately, a computational process is added to Savitsky's method and variations of spray apex are computed for different velocities. It is shown that vertical, lateral, and longitudinal positions of spray increase as the craft speed increases. On the other hand, two new angles are defined in top view and it is concluded that they have direct relation with the trim angle. However, they show inverse relation with the deadrise angle.     

滑行艇阻力近似计算方法对比研究

结合滑行艇阻力理论的研究动态,采用查洁法和SIT法对美国滑行艇系列62中4667-1的阻力、浸湿面积、平均浸湿长度以及纵倾角进行研究,得到这两种方法的精度及适用范围。同时,还指出查洁法及SIT法能满足滑行艇起滑阶段的阻力预报,并编制了滑行艇阻力理论预报程序和软件界面,以为滑行艇初步设计阶段方案优选提供有力的工具。     

滑行艇升沉纵摇运动的二维数值预报

基于CFD软件对滑行艇二维简化模型在均匀来流中的运动响应进行数值分析。根据滑行艇的流体动力数值计算结果实时求解滑行艇的运动响应特性,对4种不同傅汝德数下滑行艇的纵摇与垂荡耦合运动特性进行研究,得到艇体升沉幅值、纵摇角随时间的变化特性,以及阻力、升力和力矩随傅汝德数的变化规律,并分析了艇体达到稳定状态所需时间和滑行过程中艇底动压力的变化特性。研究表明:傅汝德数1.5时达到稳定滑行状态的时间仅为80 s;除了在傅汝德数2.0时发生严重振荡,其余3种情况下滑行艇均能够趋于一种"动平衡"状态。     

基于水动力分析的高速滑行艇阻力估算

针对滑行艇高速航行的运动特性进行其动态阻力的估算研究。首先通过分析滑行艇在高速航行时艇体受到的各种水动力,建立其六自由度操纵性数学模型,并利用四阶龙格一库塔法解算滑行艇的运动姿态。然后计算滑行艇高速航行时的动态阻力,所得结果与船模试验数据吻合较好,并对各种滑行阶段的运动特性进行分析,结果表明基于水动力分析的阻力估算方法具有较强的工程实用性。     

槽道水翼滑行艇快速性能研究

本文论述槽道水翼滑行艇的基本原理、快速性能及其及化规律。通过模型试验、中间艇试验和实部的航行试验，证实了槽道水翼以及与尾压板的联合作用，使槽道型滑行般的阻力减小，航行姿态得到调整和改善，艇的超载能力等综合航海性能有明显的提高。模型试验结果表明槽道水翼使艇体总阻力平均减小25％左右；中间试验艇的航速提高了8％；实船试航航速提高了18％；负荷超载能力增加15％。通过对试验结果的分析，给出对设计有参考意义的结论。     

T型翼主动控制策略的数值研究

[目的]主动控制T型翼对船舶有着较好的纵向运动减摇效果,但最佳的T型翼主动控制策略仍未有定论,因此需对T型翼主动控制策略进行研究计算与分析.[方法]首先,采用细长体理论对WigleyⅢ船型在不同波长规则波中的纵向运动响应进行数值计算;然后,在相同航速与波浪工况下,对加装了主、被动T型翼的船舶纵向运动进行数值预报,分析不...     

6级海况下波浪补偿装置平台的机构优化设计

为缩短波浪补偿装置平台的研发周期,以某型号风电安装船为研究对象,根据我国海洋部门提出的东海区域谱密度公式,运用Matlab软件分别模拟出6级海况下的波普密度曲线、波倾角变化曲线、该型号风力发电船的横摇、纵摇和升沉运动曲线.具体以风力发电船在6级海况下的横摇、纵摇和升沉运动范围约束平台机构的运动范围,采用遗传算法对平台机构进行优化,分别设定不同机构参数为目标函数进行局部优化,最终为平台结构的合理化设计提供数据支持.     

M船型阻力模型试验研究

为准确评估M船型的水动力特性,掌握该船型的阻力特性和船型特征,对该船型进行阻力模型试验研究。通过测定不同排水量、不同重心纵向位置下船模的阻力值、纵倾角及重心升沉值,研究排水量和重心纵向位置对该船型阻力性能的影响。试验结果表明：M船型具有与常规滑行艇不一样的阻力特性,该船型拥有2个高速阻力峰,当航速持续增大越过第1个高速阻力峰后,阻力值有明显的回落,当航速继续增大越过第2个高速阻力峰后,阻力值基本保持不变,且2个高速阻力峰出现的航速与排水量大小和重心纵向位置的相关性不大。     

Accelerated second-order hydrodynamic load calculation on semi-submersible floaters

A rapid method for calculation of second-order hydrodynamic wave loads on semi-submersible platforms is developed and validated against radiation–diffraction theory. The method is based on slender-body theory and builds on modal truncation of the quadratic transfer function (QTF). The semi-submersible floater is split into individual members and the existing theory for vertical cylindrical columns is extended to include the heave force. Further expressions for the surge, heave and pitch load on the horizontal pontoons are derived and implemented. The accuracy of the method is assessed by comparison to radiation–diffraction results using the Pinkster approximation. We find that the slender-body approximation for the column surge force is most accurate for small values of the diameter-to-draft ratio. For the three sea states considered, this error is below 10% for diameter-to-draft ratios less than 0.2.Error analysis is provided for the column heave and pitch and the pontoon loads. For all members, application of 128 modes in the QTF approximation is found sufficient to accurately represent the full slender-body QTF solution.Next, the first- and second-order loads on the full floater under different sea state conditions are compared to radiation–diffraction theory. With 128 modes, the second-order loads are obtained 2500 times faster than with conventional approaches with error levels of 22% for surge, 10% for pitch and zero error for heave. The surge error is discussed and linked to the small draft of the columns. The numerical efficiency of the method allows the consideration of second-order loads in the first stages of the design and optimisation of semi-submersible floaters.