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郑西客专高桥隧道出口下穿既有南同蒲铁路段集成了特浅埋、大断面、新黄土、小角度下穿等技术难点,由于浅埋、新黄土隧道施工易发生较大变形甚至突然性塌方,为确保下穿段施工安全和既有线运营安全、同时保证隧道建设工期,通过技术经济比选,最终确定采用超前管棚+双层支护+台阶法方案。现场通过地表对既有线进行加固、洞内100 m长管棚超前支护和双层喷锚支护,以及仰拱快速封闭等技术手段,实现了采用台阶法安全、快速下穿通过既有铁路段的目的。文章介绍了方案比选情况和现场施工情况,对试验测试情况进行了总结分析,对大断面黄土隧道下穿既有铁路段采用双层支护台阶法的适用性进行了评价,并提出了其技术关键和相关注意事项,为类似工程提供了一种新的建设思路。 相似文献
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为了提高浅埋暗挖大跨隧道下穿既有铁路施工的安全性,基于浅埋暗挖大跨隧道下穿既有铁路施工难点及施工原则,对于既有铁路加固阶段、超前支护阶段、洞门施工阶段、初期支护阶段、二次衬砌阶段的施工安全管理要点展开分析,通过研究加强基础资料整理、做好监控量测工作、拟定地面控制措施、加强安全培训工作等注意事项,其目的在于积累工程施工安全管理经验,加快工程项目的施工进度。 相似文献
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地铁下穿既有线和扩大基础桥梁施工方案研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
北京地铁六号线朝阳门—东大桥区间隧道下穿既有地铁二号线朝阳门站和二环主路朝阳门桥施工,工程难度极大,施工安全控制极为重要。为研究新建隧道施工过程对围岩与既有结构的影响,保证施工期间既有结构的安全使用、有效控制地表沉降,针对本工程拟定了不同施工方案并采用有限元计算软件MIDAS-GTS进行三维仿真模拟,分析其对围岩与下穿建筑物的变形控制效果。依据既有结构沉降控制标准,最终提出采用新建隧道与既有车站零距离刚对刚接触、自隧道两侧同时开挖、在既有车站两侧同时施做水平旋喷桩的方案。该方案将为六号线下穿既有车站和扩大基础桥梁的设计与施工提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为有效解决结构承载力低、围岩节理发育、开挖稳定性差等隧道施工问题,在进行开挖面围岩处理、喷锚支护构造、混凝土喷射等喷锚支护设计的基础上,以位于广东省河源市东源县康和镇的半嶂隧道为例,结合工程地质勘察结果,对隧道施工段喷锚支护过程及结果进行了分析探讨。根据分析结果,喷锚支护技术能显著提升隧道结构强度和承载力,避免施工期间出现围岩坍塌事故,强化、固定隧道,保证施工安全。 相似文献
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《现代隧道技术》2015,(1)
新建地铁隧道"零距离"下穿既有运营地铁车站结构的施工将引起既有车站结构的变形,影响既有地铁正常运营。文章以北京地铁7号线下穿既有10号线双井站为工程背景,针对地铁区间隧道"零距离"穿越既有车站全断面开挖、台阶法开挖及CRD法开挖引起的既有车站主体结构、既有10号线轨道及区间隧道支护结构等的变形和受力状态进行了数值模拟,对比分析了不同开挖方案引起的既有车站结构及轨道的变形特性;以既有线轨道的变形量为控制标准,结合施工引起既有车站结构的受力变化,确定了区间隧道"零距离"下穿既有车站的施工开挖方案;同时对采用CRD法施工时的不同加固措施对既有车站及轨道变形的控制效果进行了数值模拟分析,确定了施工中地层加固范围及加固长度等注浆加固参数。现场监测分析结果表明,基于数值模拟分析优化并实施的区间隧道交叉中隔壁法(CRD)开挖方案以及在左右线隧道间的夹土层、隧道掌子面地层及隧道左右外轮廓3 m内地层进行加固的施工技术方案保证了既有线轨道变形速率不大于0.04 mm/d和既有车站主体结构累计变形量小于10 mm的要求。 相似文献
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Ingmar Andrasson 《先进运输杂志》1998,32(1):23-34
A survey of research and development in advanced transit has been made by Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg in cooperation with Trans21 in Boston. Summary findings are reported for fourteen academic research programs and ten development programs for PRT. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the International Conference of PRT and other Emerging Systems held in Minneapolis in 1996. 相似文献
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管道风险分析指数评分法中重要步骤之一就是确定影响管道事故因素的权重,各个管道风险因素在整个管道事故中所占的权重是不相同的。针对目前管道风险分析指数评分法基本假设之一(各因素的分值范围都是0~100分),为了更加客观、准确、合理地反映各个风险因素对于管道事故的影响程度,提出并论述了依据层次分析法的数学逻辑性进行综合计算得出管道风险因素的权重,然后对评分法中各个因素的最高分值,根据其权重不同进行相应调整,从而增强评价者对风险因素的认识和评判能力,提高管道风险评价结果的准确性。 相似文献
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The concept of accessibility has acquired numerous meanings along multiple dimensions during the century of its evolution. This essay argues for the salience of two dimensions: application-based and definition-based. In its application, accessibility has incorporated positive and normative dimensions which have varied in prominence over time. In its definition, accessibility has varied between a mode of evaluation incorporating measured mobility and proximity, on the one hand, and a predefined market basket of urbanist improvements to transportation and land use systems, on the other. Advocates of the accessibility shift should emphasize both the measured approach to accessibility and accessibility’s normative side. 相似文献
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The big paradigm for cities nowadays is to study the movement of pedestrians at the interface between metro and bus systems – metro–bus interchanges. When these interchanges are not well designed, walking is inefficient and can be unsafe for pedestrians. This paper analyses, by means of a pedestrian microsimulation model, metro–bus interchange spaces in order to propose planning guidelines for the city of Santiago de Chile. Specific objectives are (1) to identify the variables that provide efficiency and safety in those spaces; (2) to simulate different scenarios using the pedestrian simulation model LEGION; (3) to propose planning and design guidelines for pedestrian spaces at metro–bus interchanges; and (4) to contrast the recommendations in the recently opened terminal station on Line 1 of Metro de Santiago: Los Dominicos Station. 相似文献
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Nicholas B. Taylor 《运输规划与技术》2018,41(1):37-57
ABSTRACTPredicting the risk of traffic demands and delays exceeding critical limits at road junctions, airports, hospitals, etc., requires knowing how both mean and variance of queue size vary over time. Microscopic simulation can explore variability but is computationally demanding and gives only sample results. A computationally efficient approximation to the mean is used in many modelling tools, but only empirical extensions for variance in particular situations have been available. The paper derives theoretical formulae for time-dependent and equilibrium variance, believed to be novel and to apply generally to queues covered by the Pollaczek–Khinchin mean formula, and offering possible structural insights. These are applied in an extended approximation giving mutually consistent mean and variance estimates with improved accuracy. Tests on oversaturated peak demand cases are compared with Markov probabilistic simulation, demonstrating accuracy (R2?>?0.99) for typical random, priority-like (M/M/1) and traffic-signal-like (M/D/1) queues. Implications for risk analysis, planning and policy are considered. 相似文献
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在公路沥青混凝土路面配合比设计中,矿料配合比设计是一个重要环节。研究发现,通过使用计算机和Excel软件,在各种表格的单元格中设置相应计算公式、宏和绘图步骤,输入各种配合矿料的累计通过百分率后,通过简单的人机对话,完成各种矿料百分含量数据的输入和调整,自动生成各种图表;在质量监督中,通过现场检测混合矿料的级配,输入现场矿料、水泥混合累计通过百分率可自动判定其级配是否合格。 相似文献