车辆随机输入的动态仿真和试验研究

按汽车行驶平顺性评价方法，应用MATLAB工具箱编制了针对五自由度汽车模型的随机输入动态仿真程序，通过仿真可直接获得给定测点的加权加速度均方根值分量的最大值和总加权加速度均方根值，仿真结果与随机输入行驶试验结果基本吻合，证明仿真方法是正确的，该程序可用于汽车悬架系统参数的设计和平顺性的评估。     

货车平顺性预测与优化

本文介绍了货车15个自由度振动模拟模型,以及平顺性预测与优化的方法。利用ARPO软件对某货车的平顺性进行了模拟分析,计算值与道路试验值比较吻合。ARPO软件可用于分析汽车结构参数对平顺性的影响,预测和优化汽车的平顺性。     

Comfort enhancement by an active vibration reduction system for a flexible railway car body

In order to improve the ride comfort of lightweight railway vehicles, an active vibration reduction system using piezo-stack actuators is proposed and studied in simulations. The system consists of actuators and sensors mounted on the vehicle car body. Via a feedback control loop, the output signals of the sensors which are measuring the flexible deformation of the car body generate a bending moment, which is directly applied to the car body by the actuators. This bending moment reduces the structural vibration of the vehicle car body. Simulations have shown that a significant reduction in the vibration level is achieved.     

Comfort enhancement by an active vibration reduction system for a flexible railway car body

In order to improve the ride comfort of lightweight railway vehicles, an active vibration reduction system using piezo-stack actuators is proposed and studied in simulations. The system consists of actuators and sensors mounted on the vehicle car body. Via a feedback control loop, the output signals of the sensors which are measuring the flexible deformation of the car body generate a bending moment, which is directly applied to the car body by the actuators. This bending moment reduces the structural vibration of the vehicle car body. Simulations have shown that a significant reduction in the vibration level is achieved.     

基于近似模型的车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的优化研究

简述了基于近似模型的车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的优化设计方法.利用多体动力学软件ADAMS/Car建立了某轿车整车多体动力学模型,并确定了车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的评价目标.以悬架弹簧刚度、减振器阻尼特性和横向稳定杆刚度为设计变量,利用近似优化数学模型对该轿车进行了操纵稳定性和行驶平顺性的多目标优化计算.结果表明,近似模型技术对于汽车性能的平衡优化是一种十分有效的方法.     

基于遗传算法的车辆半主动悬架控制系统参数优化

遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)是一种基于自然群体遗传演化机制的高效优化算法,它能模拟自然界生物进化过程,依据适者生存,优胜劣汰的进化规则,采用人工进化的方式对目标群体进行遗传操作,不断得到更优群体.文章根据遗传算法基本思路,在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建了基于遗传算法的车辆半主动悬架参数优...     

基于频域加权性能指标和输出反馈的主动悬架控制策略研究

本文对传统的主动悬架线性二次型控制策略作了频域改进设计和研究。通过对有关平顺性的指标项进行频域加权。在不影响其它方面性能指标的同时，大大改善了车辆的平顺性，通过对几种不同型式的输出反馈的比较研究，得出了可行的控制策略。     

汽车平顺性时域仿真分析

采用虚拟试验场技术进行了汽车行驶平顺性的时域仿真。建立了面向汽车平顺性分析的整车刚弹耦合有限元模型,同时建立了脉冲输入路面模型和随机输入路面模型。采用1/3倍频带分布加速度均方根值方法及总加权方法对试验车辆的平顺性进行了评价。试验结果表明,运用虚拟试验场技术能够真实地反映汽车的行驶平顺性,仿真分析结果可靠。     

重型商用车驾驶室悬置结构对平顺性影响的试验研究

以某重型商用车驾驶室悬置系统为例,通过实车道路试验,研究了四弹簧,四气囊悬置减振系统的振动特性在A级路面和B级路面对车辆行驶平顺性的影响规律。试验结果表明,四气囊驾驶室悬置系统的平顺性整体优于四弹簧驾驶室悬置结构。     

Enhancing grey prediction fuzzy controller for active suspension systems

A grey prediction fuzzy controller (GPFC) was proposed to control an active suspension system and evaluate its control performance. The GPFC employed the grey prediction algorithm to predict the position output error of the sprung mass and the error change as input variables of the traditional fuzzy controller (TFC) in controlling the suspension system to suppress the vibration and the acceleration amplitudes of the sprung mass for improving the ride comfort of the TFC used; however, the TFC or GPFC was employed to control the suspension system, resulting in a large tire deflection so that the road-holding ability in the vehicle becomes worse than with the original passive control strategy. To overcome the problem, this work developed an enhancing grey prediction fuzzy controller (EGPFC) that not only had the original GPFC property but also introduced the tire dynamic effect into the controller design, also using the grey prediction algorithm to predict the next tire deflection error and the error change as input variables of another TFC, to control the suspension system for enhancing the road-holding capability of the vehicle. The EGPFC has better control performances in suppressing the vibration and the acceleration amplitudes of the sprung mass to improve the ride quality and in reducing the tire deflection to enhance the road-holding ability of the vehicle, than both TFC and GPFC, as confirmed by experimental results.     

Enhancing grey prediction fuzzy controller for active suspension systems

A grey prediction fuzzy controller (GPFC) was proposed to control an active suspension system and evaluate its control performance. The GPFC employed the grey prediction algorithm to predict the position output error of the sprung mass and the error change as input variables of the traditional fuzzy controller (TFC) in controlling the suspension system to suppress the vibration and the acceleration amplitudes of the sprung mass for improving the ride comfort of the TFC used; however, the TFC or GPFC was employed to control the suspension system, resulting in a large tire deflection so that the road-holding ability in the vehicle becomes worse than with the original passive control strategy. To overcome the problem, this work developed an enhancing grey prediction fuzzy controller (EGPFC) that not only had the original GPFC property but also introduced the tire dynamic effect into the controller design, also using the grey prediction algorithm to predict the next tire deflection error and the error change as input variables of another TFC, to control the suspension system for enhancing the road-holding capability of the vehicle. The EGPFC has better control performances in suppressing the vibration and the acceleration amplitudes of the sprung mass to improve the ride quality and in reducing the tire deflection to enhance the road-holding ability of the vehicle, than both TFC and GPFC, as confirmed by experimental results.     

基于参数化的车辆驱动桥壳动态优化设计

介绍了利用UG／NX软件对汽车驱动桥壳进行参数化设计的方法．并针对某轻型载货汽车驱功桥壳建立了动力学模型对影响驱动桥壳强度和刚度的因素进行了研究．并进行了产品结卡勾优化设计，优化后的桥壳本体厚度由8mm降至7mm，质量减轻了4．2kg。与传统的设计方法相比．这种方法提高了设计精度和效率。     

汽车座椅舒适性的主观和客观评价研究

在对座椅机械结构及人体脊骨生理结构分析的基础上,从主观和客观两方面针对腰托对汽车座椅舒适性影响进行了理论和试验研究。研究表明腰托装置的设计及安装对人体的体压分布有显著影响,设计合理的腰托装置可明显改善汽车座椅的舒适性。     

基于正交试验的虚拟样车平顺性分析及参数选择

利用多体力学理论,在机械系统动力学分析软件ADAMS中建立了某车的整车多体力学模型。将虚拟样车在三维空间道路上进行平顺性仿真试验,通过正交试验方法研究了前、后悬架弹簧刚度及相关主要衬套等性能参数对汽车行驶平顺性的影响,并根据正交试验的结果优选了相应的设计参数。     

Heavy-duty vehicle modelling and longitudinal control

This paper addresses modelling, longitudinal control design and implementation for heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). The challenging problems here are: (a) an HDV is mass dominant with low power to mass ratio; (b) They possess large actuator delay and actuator saturation. To reduce model mismatch, it is necessary to obtain a nonlinear model which is as simple as the control design method can handle and as complicated as necessary to capture the intrinsic vehicle dynamics. A second order nonlinear vehicle body dynamical model is adopted, which is feedback linearizable. Beside the vehicle dynamics, other main dynamical components along the power-train and drive-train are also modelled, which include turbocharged diesel engine, torque converter, transmission, transmission retarder, pneumatic brake and tyre. The braking system is the most challenging part for control design, which contains three parts: Jake (engine compression) brake, air brake and transmission retarder. The modelling for each is provided. The use of engine braking effect is new complementary to Jake (compression) brake for longitudinal control, which is united with Jake brake in modelling. The control structure can be divided into upper level and lower level. Upper level control uses sliding mode control to generate the desired torque from the desired vehicle acceleration. Lower level control is divided into two branches: (a) engine control: from positive desired torque to desired fuel rate (engine control) using a static engine mapping which basically captures the intrinsic dynamic performance of the turbo-charged diesel engine; (b) brake control: from desired negative torque to generate Jake brake cylinder number to be activated and ON/OFF time periods, applied pneumatic brake pressure and applied voltage of transmission retarder. Test results are also reported.     

Heavy-duty vehicle modelling and longitudinal control

This paper addresses modelling, longitudinal control design and implementation for heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). The challenging problems here are: (a) an HDV is mass dominant with low power to mass ratio; (b) They possess large actuator delay and actuator saturation. To reduce model mismatch, it is necessary to obtain a nonlinear model which is as simple as the control design method can handle and as complicated as necessary to capture the intrinsic vehicle dynamics. A second order nonlinear vehicle body dynamical model is adopted, which is feedback linearizable. Beside the vehicle dynamics, other main dynamical components along the power-train and drive-train are also modelled, which include turbocharged diesel engine, torque converter, transmission, transmission retarder, pneumatic brake and tyre. The braking system is the most challenging part for control design, which contains three parts: Jake (engine compression) brake, air brake and transmission retarder. The modelling for each is provided. The use of engine braking effect is new complementary to Jake (compression) brake for longitudinal control, which is united with Jake brake in modelling. The control structure can be divided into upper level and lower level. Upper level control uses sliding mode control to generate the desired torque from the desired vehicle acceleration. Lower level control is divided into two branches: (a) engine control: from positive desired torque to desired fuel rate (engine control) using a static engine mapping which basically captures the intrinsic dynamic performance of the turbo-charged diesel engine; (b) brake control: from desired negative torque to generate Jake brake cylinder number to be activated and ON/OFF time periods, applied pneumatic brake pressure and applied voltage of transmission retarder. Test results are also reported.     

基于布置优化的汽车蓄电池支架轻量化设计

为在节省设计开发成本的同时,实现蓄电池支架轻量化的目的,文章针对某款车型蓄电池的横向布置形式,进行布置分析及蓄电池支架结构的轻量化设计.通过更改蓄电池在纵梁上的布置位置,来简化蓄电池支架结构,满足轻量化设计要求,使蓄电池通过蓄电池支架,分别固定在左悬置和纵梁上.更改后的蓄电池支架结构整体质量减轻约25％,CAE分析结果显示,新设计的蓄电池支架结构满足设计要求.     

摆臂橡胶件对汽车平顺性和悬架运动学影响的研究

针对摆臂橡胶件对汽车平顺性能和悬架运动学影响的问题,论文从多体动力学角度进行了研究。应用机械系统动力学仿真软件SIMPACK建立了考虑悬架摆臂橡胶件的某轿车整车动力学模型,选择里面的路面谱,设计三种实验方案分析摆臂橡胶件对汽车平顺性的影响,同时利用软件中的虚拟实验台研究了三种方案摆臂橡胶件对悬架运动学特性的影响。研究结果表明:摆臂橡胶件对汽车垂直振动0-5Hz频率的峰值影响比较大,大约在15%左右;通过合理选择橡胶件既可以改善车辆的平顺性且保证对悬架运动学影响不大。     

汽车一体化安全与碰撞预警安全技术

文章介绍了汽车一体化安全定义与组成,阐述了碰撞预警技术其通用的系统构架以及碰撞预警安全技术的应用现状.汽车一体化安全把汽车被动安全与主动安全有机结合,充分发挥主、被动安全措施的最佳效用,其代表技术是汽车碰撞预警安全,该技术已成为汽车安全领域新的研究热点和发展趋势.     

基于有限元分析的乘用车前纵梁安全设计

为提升车辆撞击事故乘员的安全性,从诱导孔个数、前纵梁材料和梁壁厚三个方面对汽车前纵梁进行了优化设计。将上述三个方面作为影响因素进行了正交试验设计,按照正交表在LS-DYNA当中进行了整车碰撞及台车试验,以头部损伤HIC值作为乘员损伤评价标准,通过极差分析确定了最优汽车前纵梁参数,提高了汽车碰撞中乘员的安全。