韩庄双线船闸通航水流条件改善措施

韩庄拟建复线船闸和一线船闸共用引航道,船闸灌、泄水过程中下游引航道中产生非恒定流,上游韩庄节制闸、老运河节制闸泄洪期间韩庄船闸下游水流流态更加复杂。采用国际上通用的MIKE21水动力模型,研究了泄洪期间韩庄船闸下游引航道、靠船墩、口门区的纵向流速、横向流速及回流分布情况,并按照《船闸总体设计规范》相关要求,针对泄洪期引航道的水力学问题,提出了改善水流的有效工程措施。     

舰船动力系统配置方案可行性分析方法

针对舰船动力系统方案论证中的实际问题,提出了基于最大航速下需求功率的舰船动力系统方案可行性分析方法。该方法以舰船综合模型为依据,以最大航速这一基本的作战需求为出发点,将舰船最大航速下的需求功率与动力系统的总功率进行比较,对方案可行性进行分析。案例应用结果表明了该方法的有效性。该方法为舰船动力系统方案论证提供了一种新的研究思路,有助于提高动力系统方案论证的可信度。     

连云港进港航道回淤分析

本文通过连云港进港航道的回淤分析,指出抛泥区内泥土流失是航道回淤的主要来源,严格按照规定,科学抛泥是减少航道回淤的关键。     

连云港外海含沙量推求及航道回淤预测

目前国内在研究淤泥质海岸航道回淤时,通常仅有近岸含沙量的实测资料,而外海含沙量较难获得。为此,建议可以利用实测的航道淤积、近岸含沙量等资料,根据刘家驹的航道回淤计算公式,近岸率定淤积系数,反推外海泥沙含量,据此进行航道回淤预测。经过连云港7万吨级进港航道验证,计算的航道回淤与实测值吻合较好,在此基础上,对拟建的连云港15万吨级航道回淤进行了预测。研究结果表明,所提出的方法切实可行,计算结果合理可信,可以作为相似条件下航道泥沙回淤计算的参考。     

真空预压浅层处理法在天津沿海软基处理中的应用研究

通过对比分析真空预压法中的浅层处理方式和常规深层处理方式的特点,分析了浅层处理方式应用于天津沿海软基加固工程中的优势之处,并结合工程实例对2种方式处理天津邮轮码头地基的效果进行了比较研究。研究结果表明:软基加固后土体的物理力学性质方面,浅层处理法要略优于常规处理法。因此,真空预压法浅层处理方式在天津沿海工程淤泥质地基处理中具有可行性。     

Coupled analytical-numerical approach for determining hydrodynamic responses of breakwater with multiple OWCs

A coupled analytical-numerical approach has been developed that allows one to study the hydrodynamic responses of breakwaters of arbitrary geometry that have multiple OWCs with horizontal openings. The approach incorporates the eigenfunction of the OWC fluid domain into the boundary element method, which automatically satisfy the boundary condition at the OWC opening. As a result, the exact geometry of the OWCs no longer needs to be modelled and the number of elements will be largely reduced especially when dealing with 3D breakwaters. With the present approach, a class of 2D OWC-integrated breakwater concepts in existing literature was simulated for validation and parametric study. The approach was then applied to the 3D breakwater with multiple OWCs under slender OWC assumptions, and the numerical results obtained are compared to data from a reduced scale model test. The 2D case studies show that the present approach is able to generate accurate results on reflection and transmission, wave loads, and energy extraction efficiencies with a higher efficiency than conventional boundary element method. Comparison of 3D results with the model test results shows that the prediction of the natural frequency and the wave reflection and transmission coefficients are in good agreement.     

基于PCL语言的波浪压力自动加载方法

提出了一种基于PCL(Patran command language)语言的波浪压力自动加载方法.其基本思想是,将单元分为完全在水线以下以及横跨水线的两种类型,第一类单元在加载时直接施加单元压力,对于第二种类型的单元,考虑了部分受压的影响,将四边形单元转化为三角形单元,得到了单元节点力.并对加载的具体实施过程及相关的PCL函数进行了较为详细的说明.最后,利用该自动加载方法对滚装船进行了加载.结果表明,文中的自动加载方法将压力计算与压力施加有机地联系了起来,有效地解决了加载的效率的问题,不仅缩短了加载数据的时间,而且避免了数据录入错误的发生,为有关人员对结构物进行强度有限元分析时进行载荷施加提供了自动化的方法.     

一种新的船体型线自动光顺方法

提出了一种新的在船舶设计阶段光顺船体型线的自动光顺方法.文献中有两类光顺方法:局部光顺法和整体光顺法,文中的光顺方法引入控制点的权值,从而建立了局部光顺法和整体光顺法的统一优化模型.为了提高型线光顺效果,该光顺方法使曲线的应变能和曲率的变化最小,并在优化过程中保证船体型线的几何特征不变.应用该方法光顺典型的船体横剖而曲线,表明可得到满意的光顺效果.     

固镇复线船闸水工模型试验研究

固镇复线船闸上游引航道受京沪铁路浍河大桥的制约,引航道口门区及连接段的中心线与河流主流流向之间的夹角较大,产生的横流、回流等对上游航道航行安全不利。试验揭示了引航道口门区横流流速及其变化规律,测定天然状态及设计状态下上、下游引航道口门的流态;对船闸口门区及引航道布置进行论证,对引航道口门角度、导堤、切滩等工程提出优化方案,以满足规范要求的口门流速标准。     

天原化工码头引桥海损后的工程修复技术

化工码头发生严重海损,属小概率事件,但后果严重。针对天原化工码头引桥严重海损,采取抢修和加固两步走的修复方案,先在受损引桥结构边缘补打大直径钢管桩、安装特殊钢牛腿支撑不稳定结构,解决了码头临时生产作业问题,然后进行加固,同时满足结构耐久性的要求,为类似工程抢修起提供借鉴。     

A logistics and supply chain management approach to port performance measurement

Although there is widespread recognition of the potential of ports as logistics centres, widely accepted performance measurements for such centres have yet to be developed. The essence of logistics and supply chain management is an integrative approach to the interaction of different processes and functions within a firm extended to a network of organizations for the purpose of cost reduction and customer satisfaction []. The logistics approach often adopts a cost trade-off analysis between functions, processes and even supply chains []. This approach could be beneficial to port efficiency by directing port strategy towards relevant value-added logistics activities. This paper seeks to show that through conceptualizing ports from a logistics and supply chain management approach, it is possible to suggest a relevant framework of port performance. A proposed framework is tested in a survey of port managers and other international experts.     

用纵向函数法生成渔船线型的研究

本文以渔船为对象探讨船体数学线型设计纵向函数法的应用,研究一种适用于具有初始纵倾的线型的交互设计方法。它用多项式链表达横剖线,纵向函数基本协调配合。文中给出两个设计的横剖线图,供初步设计阶段使用是足够满意的。本文还对若干主要问题进行了讨论。     

一种船用燃气轮机强跟踪扩展卡尔曼滤波器健康参数估计方法（英文）

Monitoring and evaluating the health parameters of marine gas turbine engine help in developing predictive control techniques and maintenance schedules. Because the health parameters are unmeasurable, researchers estimate them only based on the available measurement parameters. Kalman filter-based approaches are the most commonly used estimation approaches; however, the conventional Kalman filter-based approaches have a poor robustness to the model uncertainty, and their ability to track the mutation condition is influenced by historical data. Therefore, in this paper, an improved Kalman filter-based algorithm called the strong tracking extended Kalman filter(STEKF) approach is proposed to estimate the gas turbine health parameters. The analytical expressions of Jacobian matrixes are deduced by non-equilibrium point analytical linearization to address the problem of the conventional approaches. The proposed approach was used to estimate the health parameters of a two-shaft marine gas turbine engine in the simulation environment and was compared with the extended Kalman filter(EKF) and the unscented Kalman filter(UKF). The results show that the STEKF approach not only has a computation cost similar to that of the EKF approach but also outperforms the EKF approach when the health parameters change abruptly and the noise mean value is not zero.     

A logistics and supply chain management approach to port performance measurement

Although there is widespread recognition of the potential of ports as logistics centres, widely accepted performance measurements for such centres have yet to be developed. The essence of logistics and supply chain management is an integrative approach to the interaction of different processes and functions within a firm extended to a network of organizations for the purpose of cost reduction and customer satisfaction [1]. The logistics approach often adopts a cost trade-off analysis between functions, processes and even supply chains [2]. This approach could be beneficial to port efficiency by directing port strategy towards relevant value-added logistics activities. This paper seeks to show that through conceptualizing ports from a logistics and supply chain management approach, it is possible to suggest a relevant framework of port performance. A proposed framework is tested in a survey of port managers and other international experts.     

Merging Socioeconomic Imperatives with Geospatial Data: A Non-Negotiable for Coastal Risk Management in South Africa

The current approach to coastal development set-back delineation in South Africa is producing high-tech empirical methodologies that attempt to pinpoint areas at risk from physical coastal processes and the subsequent positioning of set-backs in relation to these risk areas. Experience in the Western Cape province of South Africa has shown that this approach contributes only partially to coastal risk management. In the context of an urban and peri-urban environment, and bearing in mind that set-backs have significant socioeconomic implications, the development of a set-back line at the local scale requires an expansion beyond just relying on the numerical modeling of physical coastal processes. This research reveals that such an approach is parochial and socially detached and a more inclusive and integrated approach grounded in and spanning localized social, cultural, economic, political, and ecological intricacies of the coastal space is required. Fundamental to achieving this is a re-consideration of the broader project management processes applied in the development of set-backs. The article concludes with a set of principles and guidelines for determining set-backs in complex coastal contexts at the local scale.     

Fatigue analysis of welded joints: state of development

The literature on fatigue analysis of welded joints is reviewed, considering mainly papers and books published during the past 10–15 years. After a short introduction, the different approaches for fatigue analyses are covered, i.e. the nominal stress approach, the structural or hot-spot stress approach, the notch stress and notch intensity approach, the notch strain approach and finally the crack propagation approach. Only seam-welded joints are considered, and not the behaviour of spot-welds, which is a very special field. Due to the vast amount of relevant literature, some specific areas are left for other reviews or only touched, i.e. fatigue testing and evaluation, fatigue loading and variable amplitude effects, environmental effects and fatigue reliability.     

框架码头主体与接岸结构在变水位条件下的相互作用研究

目前,国、内外针对水深和水位变幅较大的内河架空直立式框架码头的研究成果不多,针对码头使用过程中主体结构与接岸结构间相互作用的研究就更少。根据这类码头的受力特点,通过在码头前方承台的横梁与接岸结构之间增设弹簧隔振装置模拟接岸结构和码头主体的作用力,利用PLAXIS软件研究不同的水位下降速度对码头主体与接岸结构间相互作用的影响,求得到结构的内力和变形,并在此基础上提出弹簧的刚度系数。     

港口布局规划决策中的海运运价测定方法的研究

本文在对港口布局规划决策中所使用的推测海运运价的传统推测方法作一评述的基础上,提出：从分析多种因素影响下的市场运价入手,利用数理统计理论,来测定海运运价并揭示海运运价的内在规律。文章以矿石进口为例,利用该方法对船型和运距对运价的影响进行了分析。     

三峡电站日调节对船闸引航道运转条件的影响

据参考文献[1]的试验成果,分析了电站日调节在引航道内的长波运动对船舶(队)在引航道中航行、停泊及船闸运转的影响。     

共用引航道船闸下游引航道的平面布置

随着货运量的增大,目前我国正大规模改扩建多线船闸,受枢纽已建建筑物和地形条件限制等多因素影响,新建多线船闸多与已建船闸并排布置,共用引航道。双线船闸共用引航道时,一线船闸充泄水将会影响到另一线船闸引航道水流条件,危及另一线过闸船舶安全及船闸结构安全。结合北江飞来峡船闸水力学模型试验成果,探讨同尺度船闸共用引航道的布置及其对通航水流的影响。结果表明:船闸在错开运行时,通过增大中间辅导墙的扩散角可使水流快速扩散,减小非泄水船闸引航道回流范围和回流强度,可通过优化主辅导墙及下游消能工形式,改善双线船闸引航道水流条件。