关于促进台湾海峡两岸海上直航政策措施及实施事项的公告

为扩大两岸在交通运输领域的合作与交流．推进两岸“三通”，2007年4月29日，我部在第三届两岸经贸文化论坛上宣布了五项促进台湾海峡两岸海上直航的政策措施．具体规定如下：     

海峡两岸海上直航分析

金融海啸席卷全球,面对严峻的经济形势,海峡两岸能否携手开展金融合作、经济合作,共同应对危机冲击显得尤为重要和迫切。2008年11月4日,海峡两岸关系协会与台湾海峡交流基金会签署了《海峡两岸海运协议》,标志着海峡两岸实现海上直航。针对这一重大举措,文中首先对海上直航的重要性进行了分析,然后结合海峡两岸海上直航现状,深入探讨了直航的前景,最后提出了几点两岸共同应对国际金融危机的对策建议。     

关于加强台湾海峡两岸集装箱班轮运输管理的公告

为加强台湾海峡两岸间集装箱班轮运输管理,规范两岸间集装箱班轮运输市场秩序,根据《中华人民共和国国际海运条例》(以下称《国际海运条例》)、《台湾海峡两岸间航运管理办法》(交通部1996年第6号令)等有关规定,现将两岸间集装箱班轮运输管理有关事项公告如下: 一、两岸间接     

两岸海上直航鸣笛福建

12月15日上午,福州港青州码头锣鼓震天,由福建省人民政府、国务院台湾事务办公室、交通运输部共同举办的海峡两岸海上直航福州港首航仪式在这里举行。福建全省沿海今天有10艘船舶,分别从福州港、厦门港、泉州港启航,开往台湾高雄港、基隆港、台北港、台中港、安平港。     

台湾海峡两岸直航船舶进口岸审批存在的问题与建议

台湾海峡两岸直航正式开通后,在对申请进入广州港直航船舶的进口岸审批过程中发现存在一些问题并提出改进的建议。     

Polish shipping and shipping policy

Following a period of about 120 years, when external political pressures prevented Poland from engaging in maritime commercial activities, the end of World War I marked an important epoch in Poland's maritime history. Although the Peace Treaties gave Poland access to the sea and the right to use Gdansk, it was not until 1926, when Poland's first shipping company was established and Poland's new port of Gdynia opened, that her new status as a maritime country was fashioned. This paper traces the development of Polish shipping from 1918 to the present time; discusses the factors related to Poland's problems in the sphere of international maritime transport; and outlines Poland's present shipping policy.     

Polish shipping and shipping policy

Following a period of about 120 years, when external political pressures prevented Poland from engaging in maritime commercial activities, the end of World War I marked an important epoch in Poland's maritime history. Although the Peace Treaties gave Poland access to the sea and the right to use Gdansk, it was not until 1926, when Poland's first shipping company was established and Poland's new port of Gdynia opened, that her new status as a maritime country was fashioned. This paper traces the development of Polish shipping from 1918 to the present time; discusses the factors related to Poland's problems in the sphere of international maritime transport; and outlines Poland's present shipping policy.     

台湾海峡两岸客滚船通航风险评估

随着海峡两岸客滚船直航的逐渐常态化营运,台湾海峡的通航环境日益复杂.为确保直航客滚船的通航安全,基于海峡水域交通特点及两岸港口现状,通过对海峡西侧水域海损事故的统计分析,应用专家调查与预先危险性分析法(Preliminary Hazard Analysis,PHA)相结合的方法对两岸客滚船通航的潜在风险进行识别,并对识别出的气象因素、船员(旅客)人因因素、交通因素、航道和码头因素、船舶因素、管理因素6个危险源进行评估分析,提出相应的风险控制措施与建议.     

海峡两岸海上直航客运分析

本文就目前海峡两岸海上客运直航问题，提出了“特别直航”的建议。在分析了客运船型、港口及航线经济效益后，得到了有益的结论。     

台湾海峡铁路轮渡码头选址与建设方案

建设台湾海峡铁路轮渡码头,尽快实现两岸铁路互联互通,是京台高铁及台湾海峡海底隧道建成前的过渡性最优方案。参考国内类似项目建设经验,分析码头特点与选址原则,论证设计船型与建设规模,提出港址比选论证建议探讨码头总体设计方案,提出需研究解决的重点与难点问题,为项目规划和建设提供借鉴。     

方便旗船舶对海运的影响

方便旗船是在一定历史条件下,国际经济、政治和各国航运立法等因素的综合性产物,其存在和发展有积极的一面,但从整体上看一些方便船籍国忽视了对方便旗船的有效管辖与管制,给世界航运经济带来一系列负面影响。介绍船舶入注方便旗的各种原因,阐述其所带来的种种弊端,最后介绍为提高其营运安全所采取的措施以及有关专家对正常登记国的建议。     

Impact of special shipping across the Taiwan Straits on the employment of Taiwanese ship officers

Nowhere else in the world are there marine transportations highly confined than across the Taiwan Straits (mainland China and Taiwan). This study strives to explore the present employment status of Taiwanese ship officers under the influence of special shipping across the Taiwan Straits, and to make sure if such an employment trend has a negative impact on the future operating mode of Taiwan shipping companies. By means of field interview and questionnaire, this study collected the employment data of ship officers from 21 leading shipping companies in Taiwan, and made a statistical analysis. The research findings show that the existing cross-strait shipping relationship, which is seriously distorted by the hostility between the governments of Taiwan and mainland China across the Taiwan Straits, has made Taiwanese shipping companies turn to flagging-out in order to enter the extensive shipping market of mainland China. This leads to a decline of job opportunities for Taiwanese ship officers. Ironically, the ship officers from mainland China pose a biggest threat to those in Taiwan in this respect. In addition, the operating modes of Taiwanese shipping companies also change gradually in tune with the increasing number of non-Taiwanese ship officers (mainly those from mainland China).     

Impact of special shipping across the Taiwan Straits on the employment of Taiwanese ship officers

Nowhere else in the world are there marine transportations highly confined than across the Taiwan Straits (mainland China and Taiwan). This study strives to explore the present employment status of Taiwanese ship officers under the influence of special shipping across the Taiwan Straits, and to make sure if such an employment trend has a negative impact on the future operating mode of Taiwan shipping companies. By means of field interview and questionnaire, this study collected the employment data of ship officers from 21 leading shipping companies in Taiwan, and made a statistical analysis. The research findings show that the existing cross-strait shipping relationship, which is seriously distorted by the hostility between the governments of Taiwan and mainland China across the Taiwan Straits, has made Taiwanese shipping companies turn to flagging-out in order to enter the extensive shipping market of mainland China. This leads to a decline of job opportunities for Taiwanese ship officers. Ironically, the ship officers from mainland China pose a biggest threat to those in Taiwan in this respect. In addition, the operating modes of Taiwanese shipping companies also change gradually in tune with the increasing number of non-Taiwanese ship officers (mainly those from mainland China).     

Editorial: The UK shipping policy

The purpose of this paper is to consider some of the issues arising from currency fluctuations or currency disparities and in particular their effects upon freight earnings through the application of a currency adjustment factor (CAF).

The operation of CAFs has been a source of great concern to shippers and shipper's councils since their introduction some seven years ago. The basis of this concern has been the widening differential of applicable CAFs as a surcharge on basic freight rates. The CAF system has been regarded by many as iniquitous and punitive. Conferences have been accused of insulating themselves from currency losses due to exchange-rate variability consequent upon the introduction of flexible exchange rates in 1971. However, this mounting pressure has brought the operation of the CAF formula under close scrutiny especially from four sources.

(a) Some member Councils of the European Shippers' Council (ESC).

(b) The Japanese Shippers' Council (JSC).

(c) The question of the legality of differential CAFs under the Treaty of Rome

(d) Complaints from North Continental Maltsters.     

对台直航船舶监督管理初探

文中简要分析了泉金客运航线的通航现状及各类对台直航船舶的监管特点,介绍了海事部门在对台直航船舶监督管理方面积累的成功做法和宝贵经验,形成对直航船舶监督管理的初步探讨意见和相关建议,供相关海事机构决策参考。     

The international shipping policy issues at UNCTAD V, Manila, May 1979

This paper presents a commentary on the philosophy and the politics of the meeting, as well as on the implications of proposals and resolutions from the point of view of Western shipping.     

Hierarchical logic in shipping policy and decision-making

Shipping policy is made and implemented under conditions of multiple objectives and constraints. It is often also subject to diverse interests and decision-makers, each with his own agenda. Policy alternatives usually have different financial, economic, market, environmental, and other implications, and, as a result, affect objectives and constraints differently. In turn, their desirability from the point of view of the various decision-makers will be influenced by complex sets of priorities. Shipping policy and decision-making involves the trade-off among a myriad of often conflicting objectives in the choice between alternative strategies. A hierarchical network approach to the determination of the most effective choice or strategy is proposed to represent the effect of policy alternatives on desired and undesired outcomes and the impact of these outcomes on the objectives and, as a result, the various interest groups supporting different policy objectives. The model suggested is based on the analytic hierarchy or expert choice process and permits consideration of both qualitative as well as quantitative performance measures and their impact on policy or decision objectives.     

中美航运政策比较

比较分析了我国与世界海运强国美国的航运政策,以进一步推进我国航运事业的发展.     

Ports and shipping in Mozambique: current concerns and policy options

This paper explores the current state of ports and shipping in Mozambique, and reviews it in the context of a past history of civil war followed by radical macro-economic adjustment, and more recent concerns and debates around the deregulation and privatization of the transport industry. More specifically, it addresses the key issue of the relationship between shipping and both broader and local economic development, taking account of the needs of major industry and the need to sustain local livelihoods. It reveals that the situation in Mozambique is a product of both local and global pressures, moulded by economic and political forces. It further indicates that, while there are now positive opportunities for coastal shipping, the capacity for developing inland shipping appears to be very limited. Future growth consequently depends on local participation, training and skills development and the broader social, economic, and transport infrastructure.