论EEDI(能效设计指数)的强制实施的合理性

EEDI(船舶能效设计指数)作为对未来造船界有深远影响的一项新的IMO法规,从政治、经济及技术等各个方面对船舶能效设计指数推出的合理性进行了全面的分析和论述,并针对当前的船舶工业界的现状,提出了现阶段实施EEDI的可行建议.     

Evaluating the knowledge of experts in the maritime regulatory field

Regulations are introduced by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) into the maritime industry as the result of safety accidents and/or pollution incidents. When there is lack of historical data, then the IMO appoints experts in order to collect information regarding the costs and benefits generated to a stakeholder of the maritime industry once implementing a maritime regulation. Therefore, the role of experts in providing qualitative and quantitative information is crucial with respect to the quality of the maritime regulatory process within the IMO or other regulatory authorities. In this article, a methodology is proposed involving common criteria in determining the expertise of an individual in the maritime regulatory field. As essential part of the research methodology, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is utilized to determine the expertise of an individual based on his/her own judgements. The regulatory authorities and other stakeholders of the maritime industry may use this method when selecting experts for decision-making. In this article, a simulation is carried showing the potentials of the AHP methodology in expertise evaluation followed by a case study.     

Tanker safety: Regulatory change

There are many regulatory changes being imposed on tanker operators of new and existing ships. This paper provides a brief on the main changes and their practical impact on design and operation i.e. the significant recent and upcoming revisions to IMO MARPOL Annexes I, II and VI, SOLAS and other regulations and the IACS Common Structural Rules.     

Maritime security in the European Union—empirical findings on financial implications for port facilities

To address the maritime security issue, the IMO Diplomatic Conference adopted in December 2002 the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code. The European Union fully agreed with its contents; Regulation (EC) No. 725/2004 transposes in Community Law the associated rules, which came into force on 1 July 2004. Interesting questions from an EU-policy point of view are then: What are the additional costs associated with the implementation of security regulations by port facilities (here in particular terminals) in EU-member states? Moreover, how are these additional costs being recovered by port facilities? Another inter-related question is: are there any subsidies involved in the cost recovery? The present paper addresses these questions with the presentation of the main results of an explorative empirical study on maritime security-related costs and their financing in EU-member states. Furthermore, a number of topics are recommended for further study on maritime security costs and financing and associated (EU) regulations.     

Maritime security in the European Union—empirical findings on financial implications for port facilities

To address the maritime security issue, the IMO Diplomatic Conference adopted in December 2002 the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code. The European Union fully agreed with its contents; Regulation (EC) No. 725/2004 transposes in Community Law the associated rules, which came into force on 1 July 2004. Interesting questions from an EU-policy point of view are then: What are the additional costs associated with the implementation of security regulations by port facilities (here in particular terminals) in EU-member states? Moreover, how are these additional costs being recovered by port facilities? Another inter-related question is: are there any subsidies involved in the cost recovery? The present paper addresses these questions with the presentation of the main results of an explorative empirical study on maritime security-related costs and their financing in EU-member states. Furthermore, a number of topics are recommended for further study on maritime security costs and financing and associated (EU) regulations.     

浅谈船舶拆解作业的防污染监管

近年来,我国船舶拆解的数量大幅增长,船舶拆解作业中的污染防治问题日益突出。文章分析了船舶拆解行业的管理现状和存在的问题,并结合法律法规和海事监管的要求,提出了对船舶拆解作业防污染监管的对策与建议。     

极地航行法规与准则现状

受全球气候变暖的影响,两极冰融现象日益加剧.北极冰层的大面积融化促进了北极航线的开发,南极的冰雪美景也吸引了越来越多的游客乘船观光.本文针对极地航行的特殊性和挑战性,从极地安全航行和环境保护的角度出发,阐述了现行的极地水域国家相关的法律法规、国际公约、IMO和IACS等国际性组织出台的一系列规则和要求,并分析了IMO强制性《极地水域船舶作业国际规则》对船舶及海上人命安全和极地海洋环境保护的要求.     

Enforcement of law by the Port State Control (PSC)

Since the International Maritime Organization (IMO) introduced the Port State Control (PSC) programme in 1982, it has been playing a vital role in the enforcement of safety law at sea worldwide. This paper addresses the effectiveness of PSC and the effectiveness of the methods for selecting ships to be inspected adopted by regional PSC. Data on ship total loss (from 1973-2003) and on the PSC records (from 1994-2005) have been collected. The study reveals that the enforcement of PSC is effective in improving the safety level of maritime transport. The methods adopted by regional PSC are compared on their effectiveness, efficiency and stability in identifying substandard ships. Suggestions are made on the improvement of the enforcement of PSC.     

Causes of casualties and the regulation of occupational health and safety in the shipping industry

The aim of this paper is to investigate maritime safety from an occupational hazards perspective as opposed to a maritime casualty perspective. It is recognised that safety in shipping should encompass casualties arising from accidents occurring in the course of performing normal seafaring duties, not just those arising from technical defects or maritime disasters. The paper discusses an investigation involving a survey of 19 flag states and two detailed studies of records kept at the Hong Kong and Singapore maritime administrations. The results indicate that occupational accidents account for a significant proportion of fatalities at sea. The statistics presented specify the ship types that are most at risk, as well as the types of occupational hazards that can most frequently lead to accidents and fatalities. The results of this study indicate voids in the process of investigating fatalities that relate to occupational accidents. These results also indicate inadequate investigation of events and causes. The creation of a database of such information could potentially be used for the development of appropriate regulations that could prevent fatal and non-fatal occupational accidents through regulatory processes.     

航海模拟器的现状与展望

该文根据世界各海运国家现有航海模拟器的现状和它们教学培训中的实际使用情况，以及新修订的１９７８年国际海员培训、发证和值班标准公约中有关航海模拟器教学培训的要求，简要地介绍了航海模拟器的现状及其在教学培训中的应用，并就航海模拟器在日后的发展及其在教学培训中的新应用作了展望。同时还就如何改进和发展我国航海模拟器及相应的教学培训工作，使其适应国内外海运事业发展的需要提出了几点设想。     

论能效设计指数（EEDI）现阶段强制实施的合理性

船舶能效设计指数（EEDI）是对未来造船界有深远影响的一项新的IMO法规。本文从政治、经济及技术等方面对船舶能效设计指数推出的合理性进行了全面的阐述。     

IMO涂层性能标准实施的应对措施

IMO涂层性能标准(PSPC)不但是对涂装的要求,更重要的是对船厂生产设计、生产流程管理、生产过程控制等诸多环节提出了细致、严格的规范要求.以大洋造船有限公司建造的首艘满足PSPC规范要求的CROWN58船为例,详细介绍了实施PSPC过程.从成立PSPC推进专项小组到技术准备、硬件投入、人员取证、建造细节控制等方面进行...     

浅谈公司和登记船东识别号机制的建立与实施

《IMO公司和登记船东唯一识别号机制》是国际海事组织海上安全委员会（MSC）推出的一项新的管理举措，旨在加强海上安全、海上保安和环境保护，并便于预防海上诈骗。文中介绍了该机制的基本概况，分析了我国实施该机制的必要性，列举了我国当前实施该机制所面临的问题，从船旗国履约的角度针对性提出了我国为实施该机制在立法、数据库建设、数据保护、数据利用等方面的对策，并提出了合理的建议。     

大件货物海上运输的惯性力研究

绑扎是保证重大件货物海上运输安全的必要手段之一,而计算货物运动惯性力是绑扎设计的前提.通过介绍基于船级社协会统计数学模型得出的经验公式和基于船舶谐摇运动方程的理论公式两种海上货物运动惯性力计算方法,简要分析了其不同的思路和特点,指出现行的国际海事组织<货物积载与系固安全实用规则(CSS规则)>是经验公式中货物重心距船舶水线-2.4～11.5 m范围内的惯性力计算规范.并通过三个不同的典型大件货物运输实例,指出经验方法在理论公式中所对应的最大横摇角和最大纵摇角范围分别为15.～25.和5.～7.5°,结论可用于指导重大货物海上运输的系固绑扎设计,并为运输重大件货物的风险控制提供参考.     

AIS操作培训与发证探讨

国际海事组织发布了AIS船上应用导则(A.917(22)号决议案)及其培训标准,以及国际灯塔协会对VTS操作员培训标准评估指南。要求使用者必须熟悉AIS的性能和有关缺陷。鉴于此,讨论了培训和发证方法,为海事安全管理机构、船公司和海运院校提出了一些建议。     

安全返港要求下的客船电气设计

客船安全性长期以来备受国际海事组织关注,海安会MSC216(82)决议中也修正了SOLAS对于2010年7月1日起建造客船的相关要求。文中介绍了对应该决议要求的设计步骤及方法,对于规范的正确解读以及相应的设计方法总结给同类型船的设计者提供参考。     

A study of maritime security and piracy

This paper studies the contributing factors of maritime piracy by analyzing previous incidents that have been reported to the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Part of the analysis is to filter those ship types that are particularly vulnerable to piracy attacks. The paper also introduces the guidelines developed by the IMO and the industry envisaging to minimize the risk to ships that are exposed to attacks from pirates. It further describes the initiatives taken to develop a sustainable mechanism in the high-risk area (HRA)¹ to suppress piracy and other maritime crimes. This study reflects the fact that maritime security and piracy issues’ importance has been increasingly recognized in the 40 year history of Maritime Policy & Management.     

湄洲湾湾口船舶定线制的研究

文中采用国内外船舶定线制常用的研究方法,对湄洲湾湾口附近水域的船舶习惯航线、船舶交通流特点、海上交通事故的特点等内容进行调查与分析,结合IMO关于定线制的有关规定,研究和探讨了湄洲湾湾口船舶定线制的设计。     

船舶航行计划

介绍了制订船舶航行计划的现行法规,特别是IMO．A．893（21）号决议的主要内容,并汇总了中远集远公司三年多来推行船舶航行计划的经验和体会。