自动化集装箱码头水资源综合利用技术

从上海国际航运中心洋山深水港区四期自动化集装箱码头项目水源和供水量要求出发,结合洋山港船舶用水量现状和环保用水水源分析,进行了船舶用水节水设计和雨污水回收利用设计,提高水资源综合利用。同时分析了将海绵城市理念引入自动化集装箱港区的可行性,进一步确保港区排水安全,并通过雨水的资源化,增加对雨水的利用。     

A simulation model proposal to improve the productivity of container terminal operations through investment alternatives

Development of a container terminal (CT) closely deals with the efficiency of operating systems. This paper proposed a model to decide optimum investment alternatives to improve CT productivity. The proposed approach incorporates the parameters such as number of quay cranes, total length of a quay, yard trucks and yard cranes. The objectives of the model are minimizing the average ship turnaround time while maximizing the container throughput generated by the terminal. The methodology behind the model includes Discrete Event Simulation Model, data envelopment analysis (DEA) and cost-efficiency analysis. Considering container ship visits to Container Terminal Alpha (CT-A), the proposed model is demonstrated with 16 different investment scenario along with 10-months recorded operational data. The results addressed the Scenario LENG-2 (extent current total length of quays from 1.560 meters to 2.000 meters) as the optimal feasible solution for an investment in existing conditions. The model is also considered to besides contributions to investment decisions in CT, the developed framework might be extended to other transportation infrastructures.     

自动化集装箱码头危险品堆场布置

根据《国际海运危险货物规则》（IMDG Code）中的相关规定,对自动化集装箱码头危险品堆场布置中所涉及的重点方面进行探讨,包括危险品集装箱应分散布置的原则、如何应对可能产生液体泄漏的危险品集装箱和需要温控的危险品集装箱等。通过一个典型的设计案例,对相关设计原则进行全面的解释和说明。     

Impact of container chassis management practices in the United States on terminal operational efficiency: An operations and mitigation policy analysis

Existing policies designed to mitigate the environmental and social impacts of truck queuing at maritime terminals often focus on congestion problems outside of the terminal gate, targeting a reduction in the waiting and turn time of trucks as the measure of success. This paper evaluates the impact that intra-terminal truck and equipment movements have on the terminal’s overall performance and the implications that these movements have on the effectiveness of current mitigation policies. Through a simulation of terminal processes occurring at Southern California ports it is shown that measures driving reductions in truck turn times impose greater operational loads on terminal equipment, essentially transferring savings in truck turn time rather than eliminating it in terms of the overall system. Consequently, the paper finds that total truck and cargo handling equipment movement and operational time constitutes a more accurate measure of the effectiveness of policies seeking to mitigate the impacts of truck operations at marine terminals.     

自动化集装箱码头环境保护分析与展望

为进一步落实“两型”港口要求,自动化集装箱码头积极主动在港口规划、码头设计、设备选型和港口操作等环节采取有效措施促进节能减排。以洋山四期为例,从消耗能源分配科学性、耗能设备选型合理性、能效水平先进性以及节能措施可行性等方面对自动化码头环境保护应用案例进行分析说明,并对未来港口环境保护前景进行展望。     

海外某集装箱码头冷藏箱管理系统解决方案

全球集装箱码头自动化发展趋势已日渐明显,将冷藏箱纳入码头自动化管理系统的需求必不可少。研究对冷藏箱进行监控、管理的方法,利用CAN总线将终端设备及控制器组网,实现对冷藏箱温度、工作状态及耗电量的7×24 h监控,并结合境外某集装箱码头,给出一种基于CAN总线及光缆组网方式的冷藏箱监控管理系统解决方案,以实现实时监管,降低人工操作成本,提高整个集装箱码头自动化管理效能。     

Integrating multi-stage data envelopment analysis and a fuzzy analytical hierarchical process to evaluate the efficiency of major global liner shipping companies

In this study, we establish a multi-stage data envelopment analysis model to evaluate the efficiency of global liner shipping companies (LSCs). Because conventional solution procedures cannot guarantee the uniqueness of solutions, in this study, we specifically devise a new two-phase algorithm to overcome this problem. The first phase ranks the priority of all stages by applying fuzzy analytical hierarchical process. The second phase then solves the efficiency score for each stage according to its priority. We established and empirically tested a three-stage research model based on data collected from the Containerization International Year Book, the Alphaliner website and annual LSC reports for the year 2012. The results show that the proposed algorithm not only determines unique solutions for the efficiency scores but also determines the priority order of the stages involved in this process. Taking advantage of the proposed model and algorithm, LSCs can effectively locate bottlenecks in their production processes and further improve them by adjusting the values of the corresponding input and output variables. In addition, the priority order of the stages obtained from the empirical study can also help LSCs allocate their resources.     

BIM技术在大型集装箱码头工程设计中的应用

上海国际航运中心洋山深水港四期工程是国内首个全自动化集装箱码头,以此为依托,针对BIM技术在集装箱码头工程设计中应用的问题进行总图、水工、机械等相关专业BIM技术应用的研究,将BIM技术与传统二维设计模式相融合,采用欧特克BIM系列软件以及探索者BIM协同平台,得出全自动化集装箱码头BIM总体设计技术路线,重点对BIM协同设计平台的应用流程以及设计相关专业的BIM应用方法进行探讨,为全自动化集装箱码头从传统二维设计向基于BIM技术全生命周期设计应用的转变提供参考。     

Traffic impact analysis of inspection area site selection at a foreign trade container terminal

ABSTRACT

To improve the security and efficiency of terminal operations, a key issue for land area layout at a foreign trade container terminal is to plan and design an inspection area. Since it directly affects terminal traffic, while determining inspection area site selection, we should pay a great attention to operations and management of terminal traffic as well as container inspection. This paper employs a system decomposition technique to develop an integrated simulation framework, which enables us to flexibly obtain the whole picture of terminal traffic conditions and evaluate traffic impacts of inspection area site selection. A real-world terminal with typical patterns of land area layout is chosen to carry out a case study, which shows that traffic flow is unevenly distributed on the terminal road network and that the distribution is influenced by truck streams at the terminal. New findings also include: (1) traffic volume at the terminal apron is rather unbalanced in association with the non-continuous utilization of berths; (2) a proper inspection area should be located near the gate if the terminal conditions permit from the perspective of terminal traffic. This work may provide a decision-making reference for the planning and construction of foreign trade container terminals.     

Simulation optimization of the berth allocation in a container terminal with flexible vessel priority management

ABSTRACT

Solving the berth allocation problem (BAP) in ports is not trivial where the berth resources are limited and various sizes of vessels arrive with dramatically dissimilar loads. Especially in real scenarios, arriving vessels are accepted for a berth with the first come first served (FCFS) priority rule. This study proposes a decision support system coupled with a simulation optimization module based on the swarm-based Artificial Bee Colony optimization algorithm for solving the BAP. The proposed methodology was implemented for the Izmir port in Turkey. To investigate the influences of the vessel priorities on the BAP, four different experimental scenarios based on the single (SQM) and multiple queue models (MQM) were coupled with FCFS and proposed hybrid queue priority (HQP) rule. The results indicated that SQM scenarios were superior to MQM scenarios in a manner of minimizing the average vessel waiting times and the implementation of a dynamic berth allocation strategy for the MQM significantly decreases the vessel waiting times. Results of the SQM also imply that utilization of the HQP approach further minimizes the average vessel waiting times and increases the berth utilization and port throughput without yielding excessive waiting times for the larger vessels compared with the FCFS priority rule.     

传统集装箱码头向自动化码头改造仿真分析

以国内某传统集装箱码头为例,提出2种向自动化码头改造升级的码头布局及装卸工艺,并通过仿真软件WITNESS进行仿真建模,输出仿真数据。根据仿真数据,对码头水平运输设备的数量配比进行仿真分析,并从堆场年通过能力、堆场作业能力、码头管理以及能耗成本4个方面对提出的两种工艺进行评估,选出一种较优工艺。     

自动化集装箱码头AGV锂电池选型比较

针对超大型全自动集装箱码头AGV锂电池选型问题,就国内外锂电池的发展及优劣势进行分析,并针对洋山四期AGV特有的工况及布置模式进行方案比选,最终选择GSY LIM50H-12 15S10P锂电池。该电池既满足AGV连续8 h运作的要求,也满足在电池组内安装散热装置、以防电池过热的要求。     

墨西哥曼萨尼约CMSA集装箱码头设计

曼萨尼约CMSA集装箱码头工程规模大、功能全、标准高。工程处于墨西哥西海岸强震区,后方紧邻红树林保护区和旅游区海滩。针对上述特点,围绕总体布局、结构抗震、环境保护等关键技术进行研究。按照国际设计标准和港区分期滚动开发思路,码头结构设计采用"弱柱强梁"理念,并埋设大断面过水生态箱涵保护环境。     

复合材料冷藏箱电源插座支架在自动化集装箱码头中的应用

针对集装箱码头传统冷藏箱钢结构电源插座支架易腐蚀、维护工作量大的特点,采用防腐性能优异的连续纤维增强树脂基复合材料代替传统钢结构制作冷藏箱支架。对复合材料冷藏箱电源插座支架的设计、计算、制造、安装进行研究,研究表明复合材料冷藏箱电源插座支架在整个生命周期维护需求小、综合成本低,对自动化集装箱堆场作业干扰小,适合自动化集装箱码头作业特点。     

作业成本法在远洋集装箱运输企业的应用探讨

论文根据作业成本法的特点,对其在远洋集装箱运输企业应用的适用性作出探讨,并列出了远洋集装箱运输企业作业成本的计算过程。     

远传式水表在自动化港区中的应用

传统抄表方式存在工作量大、计量不及时、渗漏点难发现等问题,结合自动化港区自动抄表的生产管理要求,对传统港区内水量计量的现状及水流失的原因进行分析。在远传式水表在房产项目应用的经验基础上,根据自动化港区的特点,定义了远传式水表在自动化港区内的功能、系统框架构成,并对其应用效果进行分析。远传式水表系统在洋山四期自动化码头中的应用,从根本上解决了传统抄表方式存在的一系列问题,并给今后自动化码头水系统的管理模式提供良好的范例。     

自动化集装箱码头AGV维修功能区布局新模式及其应用

目前国外已建成的全自动化集装箱码头大部分采用自动引导车（AGV）作为水平运输设备。AGV在实现集装箱码头水平运输机械全自动化的同时,改变了传统码头设备维修模式,对码头总平面布局中机械维修功能区布局产生较大的影响。如何科学合理布置自动化集装箱码头的AGV维修区,成为提高码头运行效率和充分利用土地资源的关键问题。在总结分析国外典型自动化集装箱码头AGV维修功能区实际案例布置基础上,结合目前技术发展及港口整体发展要求,提出了几种新的布置方案,并在我国大型全自动化集装箱码头——洋山四期工程得到实际应用。     

自动化集装箱码头桥式起重机大车定位系统

自动化集装箱码头是世界集装箱码头的发展趋势。分析了自动化集装箱岸桥大车的精确定位,比较当今所使用的各种定位技术,使用扫描磁钉进行大车定位的方式是最优的选择。对大车定位系统的组成、原理、安装、通讯技术进行了探讨。     

阿布扎比哈里发港集装箱码头二期项目自动化堆场布置

针对阿布扎比哈里发港集装箱码头二期项目自动化堆场布置受较小的陆域纵深限制的问题,对两种自动化集装箱码头堆场布置方案进行对比研究,在码头前沿布置相同的前提下,自动化堆场平行布置方案比自动化堆场垂直方案有更多堆场能力。综合考虑堆场能力、自动化程度、人员投入、系统调试周期及装卸设备投资等各方面因素,确定本项目采用自动化堆场平行布置方案。     

Prioritization of failure risk in subsea flexible pipes via data envelopment analysis

Risk-based inspection is nowadays the predominant approach to structural integrity assurance in complex engineering systems, such as those designed for and operated in deepwater environments. One of the major tasks in risk-based planning is risk ranking of the components comprising an engineering system. In this paper, a mathematical model based on data envelopment analysis is developed for this purpose, whereby two types of weights are employed: subjective judgmental weights which are provided as input, and objective which constitute the output of the model. The use of the mathematical model is illustrated in a real world system of subsea flexible pipes, which operational in the south Atlantic Shelf off the Southeast Coast of Brazil.