Testing port choice models using physical and monetary data: a comparative case study for the Spanish container trades

ABSTRACT

Transport costs are useful explanatory variables in port choice research. Nevertheless, the availability of such information usually poses a problem. Thus, the formulation of an alternative approach, to be used as a proxy of these variables, would be desirable. The objective of this study is to improve the analysis of container port choice using logit models by adopting physical non-monetary indicators based on maritime distance and ship size. The statistical tests of logit models on port choice using these new variables are compared with the result of using cost variables for the same data set of choice positions. The statistical outcome is good and allows us to present this new approach as a contribution to the literature on port choice modeling.     

Regional governance of port development in China: a case study of Shanghai International Shipping Center

When China enters the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and becomes more involved in the global economy, her major seaports will be pivotal places where the international shipping and terminal operators interact, conflict and co-operate with the local and the central governments. To demonstrate and understand these interactions, this article analyzes the case of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), where the competition, co-operation and governance of Shanghai and Ningbo, the two largest ports on Chinese mainland, concern all stakeholders from the central and local governments of China to the container terminal operators and shipping lines overseas.

This paper first develops a conceptual framework for analyzing port development in a regional context. The article then introduces the case of the Shanghai International Shipping Center with a focus on the efforts of the Shanghai Government to establish a regional hub port, which also involves two nearby provinces. This case study reveals the course of the decision-making processes and the power networks currently governing the port development in the YRD. Two domains of port governance are discussed: the role of port authorities in port internal governance, and the crucial influences of local and central governments on the port external governance. It provides evidence that the power of shipping lines and international terminal operators are not as prevalent as in many ports in western countries. It is suggested that the lack of good regional port governance in the region is due to structural problems in administration.     

港口:中国昂起龙头

2005年底,交通部副部长徐祖远在出席宁波—舟山港一体化新闻发布会上明确表示,我国已从港口大国进入港口强国之列。当中国航运、造船只承认其大,而怯于言强之际,什么原因使中国港口率先进入强国之列?     

Coastal port reform in China

This paper reviews reforms that have been happening to the China coastal port industry. It covers the economic background, motivations and progress of the reforms, and discusses issues associated with relevant planning events, such as the National Layout Plan for Coastal Ports. It is concluded that the reforms are necessary for the industry to raise funds for infrastructure expansion and to enhance the industry efficiency, and that China has adopted appropriate steps to change the industry governance and to pass relevant plans in the reform process.     

US port throughput of radioactive materials: a twenty-year study

This study documents that more than a half million tons of radioactive and associated materials, including wastes, were handled at US ports between 1965 and 1984. Although some ports were dominant, radioactive traffic flowed through a large number of ports. An analysis of concordance demonstrates agreement in port rankings over the 20-year period. Large, medium and small ports are identified via a cluster analysis.     

Cruise ship market segmentation: a 'non-traditional' port case study

Market segmentation in the cruise ship industry is an essential tool for securing a favourable market share. A case study of a mid-sized vessel operating from a 'non-traditional' port provides insights of the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of a cruise population. The questionnaire also supports the logic for a strong local/regional marketing effort and validates the rationale for the provision of a cruise service from a 'non-traditional' port.     

Hinterland strategies of port authorities: A case study of the port of Barcelona

Port authorities generally focus on the development of the local port area and play a minor role in the development of port hinterlands, whereas shippers, forwarders, barge and rail operators have always been involved in the port-hinterland connection. The increasing importance of intermodal hinterland networks for the competitive position of ports has urged port authorities to become active in the hinterland. This new role has already been suggested by different academics. However, limited empirical evidence exists of port authorities taking stakes in inland terminals or developing transport services. Barcelona, as one of the leading port authorities in this respect, is used as a case study in this paper. The case study provides insight in the components and execution of the hinterland strategy of Barcelona. It shows that the strategy of the port authority of Barcelona and the consequent active involvement in the hinterland has had a significant impact on attracting container volumes from distant hinterlands and improving the accessibility of the port.     

我国集装箱工业的发展

从70年代末,我国开始涉足集装箱制造领域,经过学习、探索、开发建设、壮大并日趋成熟,如今,我国集装箱的产量和销售量已连续六年居世界首位,从实践中积累了丰富的经验,并具备了技术输出的条件.回顾这一发展历程,大致可分为几个阶段.     

我国集装箱港口的现状及发展趋势

我国港口已建成近百个专用集装箱泊位 ,其装卸设备和技术先进 ,工艺自动化程度不断提高 ,吞吐量达到近 5 0 0 0万TEU ,并将持续高速增长 ,随着船舶的大型化以及现代物流业的发展 ,集装箱港口将进一步向深水化、大型化、高效化、信息化、多功能化的方向发展     

Public preference for the attributes of the marina port in Korea: a choice experiment study

As of late, the Korean government needs quantitative information on economic feasibility analysis for marina port development projects. This study applies a choice experiment to measure public preference for the attributes of marina port in Korea. We consider the trade-offs between price and four attributes of marina port (capacity, access, waterfront, and program) for selecting a preferred alternative and elicit the marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) estimates for each attribute. We also test whether irrelevant alternatives property for the estimation model holds and compare the estimation results of the multinomial logit (MNL) and the nested logit (NL) models. The results show that the NL model outperforms the MNL model. In the NL model, MWTPs for increasing the level of a waterfront from promenade to both promenade and rest area and for the provision of marine leisure experience program are KRW13 384 (USD11.8) and KRW17 937 (USD15.8), respectively. This study is expected to provide policymakers with quantitative information for evaluating marina port construction projects in Korea.     

生产持续向好，增速或归常态——2010年港口运输生产回顾与2011年展望

2010年对于我国经济来说是不平凡的年份。针对全球经济的复杂性和不确定性,以及国内经济出现的深层次问题,党中央、国务院提高宏观调控的针对性和灵活性,努力促进经济平稳较快发展,前三季度GDP同比增长10．6％,比上年同期加快2．5个百分点。世界银行预测2010年我国经济增长10％,较其先期预测的9．5％有所提高。     

中海集装箱制造产业与同业对标分析

对标管理是企业认识自身缺陷,寻找差距,改进不足的有效手段.行业对标在企业管理中的作用尤其明显,与行业中先进企业开展分项比较,对企业的竞争能力加以剖析,可以更有针对性的发现企业生产经营中产生的各种问题,更好地了解企业自身特点,取长补短,为企业今后的进一步发展提供新的思路.全球集装箱制造行业目前集中分布在中国,形成了几大造箱集团,这些造箱集团虽然企业性质、发展历史、经营方式各有不同,但是作为同类产品企业,采用对标分析方法能从中带给我们很多思考.     

打造华南集装箱运输枢纽港——访广州港集团董事长陈洪先

广州港曾经是中国唯一的对外开放口岸,并一直以来作为华南最大的综合性主枢纽港屹立在世人面前。今天,随着广州港南沙港区的建成投产,广州港跨越式的发展再次成为港航物流界关注的焦点。最新数据显示,2007年广州港完成货物吞吐量3．4亿吨,世界排名第5位,集装箱吞吐量超过920万TEU,广州港逐步成为华南集装箱运输枢纽港。为此,本刊记者专访广州港主体港广州港集团董事长陈洪先。     

Maritime education factors and presenteeism: a comparative quantitative study

Presenteeism research has only recently extended from a construct capturing lost productivity due to attending work despite health issues to a construct representing students’ perceived academic performance. Aligning with presenteeism’s prevalent research paradigm, the pioneering studies used health-related issues to measure presenteeism. In contrast, this study used the Presenteeism and Perceived Academic Performance (PPAP) Scale, which the researcher developed for this study. The PPAP Scale comprises aspects of student behavior that support academic performance. This study filled gaps in the literature by investigating presenteeism as a concept associated with students’ perceived academic performance, measured with the PPAP Scale, and factors specific to maritime education. The factors investigated were self-identified by the study respondents, in sufficient numbers to support statistical analysis, as favorably (i.e., cruise and license/maritime instruction) or negatively (i.e., mandatory regimental activity, taps, morning or afternoon formations, and watch) impacting their academic performance. This study found no statistical evidence to suggest the level of presenteeism, measured with the PPAP Scale, among the study’s sample of license students is associated with factors perceived to favorably or negatively impact academic performance. Additional insight can be gained from license student participants’ responses to the study’s open-ended questions (e.g., a perceived imbalance between time available to allocate to their academics and time needed to fulfill regimental responsibilities).     

我国港口行政管理队伍的建设

为全面了解港口体制改革以来我国港口行政管理队伍建设现状,提高港口行政队伍依法行政能力,改善队伍建设现状,适应经济社会的发展,通过分析我国港口行政管理队伍调研数据．分别从队伍总量、专业结构、年龄结构、人才管理机制等方面指出队伍建设中存在的不足,提出重视规划、加强培训、建立合作机制、落实经费等建议。     

Towards port infrastructure adaptation: a global port climate risk analysis

In this paper, a new concept of “port climate risk exposure function along the sea–land boundary axis” is introduced as a critical component towards port adaptation. This concept derived from a global survey which was conducted over 29 countries to assess perceived climate risks to port infrastructure from relevant experts. The methodology used 48 climate scenarios developed based on existing data. Ultimately, this paper serves as a global climate risk indicator to guide further adaptive initiatives in ports.     

中国虚拟无水港发展现状及趋势

通过分析虚拟无水港产生的背景,介绍虚拟无水港概念,对无水港和虚拟无水港的功用结构进行比较,分析国内外虚拟无水港状况和存在问题,提出建设虚拟无水港现代综合物流信息平台系统是实现港陆双方互利共赢、可持续发展的必由之路,海洋经济中的物流经济将成为新的经济增长点。     

地主港模式及其在中国的发展

地主港模式是世界港口发展的趋势。首先明确了地主港的概念以及实行地主港模式的好处,接着分析了我国建立地主港模式的条件,在此基础上,提出了我国发展地主港模式的建议。     

我国港口物流的特点和发展趋势

为推动港口物流发展,转变我国港口经济增长方式,分析近年我国港口物流的特点及部分港口的物流发展经验,总结未来我国港口物流发展的趋势：开展全程物流、多式联运、保税物流;服务临港产业;建设内陆“无水港”。     

Container terminal productivity: a perspective

The increasing competitiveness of the marine transportation industry has brought about demands that container terminal productivity be improved. MARAD, in cooperation with the National Research Council, has responded by developing a number of quantitative measurements for container terminal productivity. In this paper we discuss the problems and prospects of using such measurements to estimate or compare the productivity of terminals or ports. Because physical or institutional factors, or a combination of the two, act to limit the productivity of every container terminal, quantitative productivity comparisons among terminals or ports may lead to misplaced efforts to improve the productivity of particular operational elements in piecemeal fashion. By contrast, a sensible strategy for managing productivity would involve the linking of productivity and cost data, so that existing productivity constraints can be intelligently shifted from one area of operations to another.