造船业绿色供应链及其运作可靠性研究

当今,绿色供应链在造船业中的地位日益突出,造船业绿色供应链的正常运作对于造船业的发展发挥着重要的作用。该文紧密围绕绿色理念的思想对造船业绿色供应链的构成进行了分析,并研究分析了造船业绿色供应链运作可靠性的影响因素,为更好地建立造船业绿色供应链提供一定参考,以更好地实现造船业绿色供应链长期持续生存和发展的最终目标。     

基于供应链管理的造船企业流程再造决策与分析

研究供应链管理环境下的造船企业业务流程再造的决策与流程分析,旨在强化造船企业供应链管理,降低船舶建造成本、缩短周期、提高质量。针对船舶建造的复杂性,涉及业务的多样性,提出造船企业的业务流程再造两步走策略:第一步进行业务外包决策分析;第二步对供应链管理的六个环节实施业务流程再设计。围绕造船企业供应链管理的订单、物流、分销、制造、采购、计划六个环节进行业务流程再设计,对造船企业相关部门在六个环节中的衔接和职责进行了剖析。     

基于绿色制造的造船供应链

船舶绿色制造是一种新的制造模式，而绿色制造对造船供应链提出新的要求。本文基于船舶绿色制造提出了造船供应链的设计原则和结构模型。     

基于专利的全球智能船厂物联网技术创新态势分析

随着物联网（Internet of Things，IoT）技术与先进造船技术的融合创新，全球造船市场竞争格局、成本结构和产业供应链结构均发生深刻变化。跟踪掌握全球智能船厂IoT技术创新态势，有助于中国造船产业在全球市场竞争中缩短技术差距、发挥竞争优势。采用优势、劣势、机会、风险（Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats，SWOT）分析法对日本和韩国的造船产业政策制定思路进行深入解读，运用专利技术路线图对美国和韩国智能船厂IoT技术的创新路径进行梳理与分析，并对比美国、韩国和中国的智能船厂IoT技术路线关键节点，评估中国与先进国家之间的差距。建议中国以上海为策源地加快提升研发水平并构建国内智能船厂IoT创新供应链。     

论中国造船企业的核心竞争力

本文分析了中国造船企业的竞争优势与劣势,并提出了培育中国造船企业核心竞争力的基本战略.中国造船企业的竞争优势主要在于生产要素、需求条件及政府支持等方面;劣势在于相关产业、企业目标、战略、组织结构等方面.培育中国造船企业核心竞争力必须采取模仿性提高、差异化、低成本、聚焦重点客户、提升集成设计能力、采用先进造船模式、提升生产系统的管理能力、建立优秀企业文化、创新、信息化及战略性人力资源管理等战略.     

An empirical model of changing global competition in the shipbuilding industry

We developed an empirical model to explain the changing global competition among major countries involved in the shipbuilding industry over the last three decades. In order to develop future strategies for not only shipbuilding companies but shipping companies and governments, it is necessary to understand the past logic of their competitive strategies. Using the real strategic behaviours and decision rules of shipbuilding companies derived through a literature survey and interviews, we developed a model using the Cournot oligopoly with Choquet Expected Utility (CEU) theory. Three national players, Japan, Korea and China, are supposed to be either optimistic or pessimistic, which allows us to incorporate the different attitude of the players into the demand uncertainty for our model. Competitive reaction functions are derived and compared with the estimation results via multiple regression with annual shipbuilding tonnage data. Our results provide strong evidence that the major players are bound to use simple rules for competitive quantity decisions, but change the rules completely when they become ineffective. In addition, the competitive behaviour of the players depends on both the degree of demand uncertainty and the different attitudes of the players towards uncertainty.     

A performance evaluation model for supply chain of shipping company in Iran: an application of the relational network DEA

Shipping business is capital intensive and highly competitive. It necessitates for the shipping companies to constantly monitor their performance and measure relative efficiencies of their supply chains. Despite such importance, the studies devoted to this field have been surprisingly limited. This paper reviews the involved factors and proposes a relational network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model for measuring the efficiency of supply chain of an international shipping company in Iran with relevant sub-processes in the period 2008–2011. First, the supply chain network of the company is illustrated and then the input and output variables associated to each member are determined. The proposed model is suitable for shipping companies which usually use similar pattern in this business. Finally based on the results, recommendations are made for improvements and a new field of business is also proposed.     

基于智能体的造船供应链

针对中国造船业当前存在的成本过高和建造周期过长等问题,提出了利用基于智能体的供应链管理解决方法,并分析了供应链在船舶工业中应用的现状和有关供应链的相关研究。采用Ｂｅｒｋｅｌｅｙ ＨＡＳＳ模型为建立供应链集成系统,和用ＩＢＭ Ａｇｌｅｔ实现一个简单的供应链原型系统,最后给出了结论和未来研究方向。     

基于中间产品的造船采购成本控制

中间产品是现代造船的一大管理特征.据统计,造船成本中大约有65%-73%是外购材料、设备,其中有大量作业还需要外协加工,该特点决定了船厂对原材料供应商及船用配套企业有着很强的依赖性.因此基于中间产品,梳理造船供应链,选择合格供应商,对控制造船采购成本具有至关重要的作用.     

基于图论的造船供应链构建

供应链管理的思想和方法适合现代造船模式的需要,能够反映未来造船模式的方向和趋势,供应链的构建是造船供应链管理的前提和基础.本文应用离散数学中的集合、图论方法构建造船供应链模型,并用运筹学中的标号法对模型进行优化,从而给出了寻找、选择、优化供应链合作伙伴的新方法.     

船舶绿色制造技术再探

通过分析我国船舶工业发展所面临的问题,提出了符合现代社会发展对环保的新要求和符合我国造船业走可持续发展之路的船舶绿色制造技术的概念,并论述了绿色设计、绿色生产和绿色管理的实施方法与途径。     

绿色船舶的现状和发展趋势分析

随着绿色生态观念的深入发展和IMO对环保要求的日益严苛,“绿色船舶”和“绿色航运”已成为未来造船业和航运业发展的主旋律,本文对绿色船舶概念和内涵进行了深入的阐述,介绍了国内外绿色船舶及其相关技术发展现状,分析了绿色船舶的发展趋势。     

造船企业运用供需链目标成本管理的探索

针对我国目前造船企业目标成本管理中存在的问题,提出将目标成本管理拓展到整个造船供需链,运用基于供需链的目标成本管理来解决我国造船成本不断上升的问题,给出了造船供需链目标成本管理的实施方案.     

用功效系数法对船舶行业上市公司进行财务预警

以船舶行业上市公司的2003年和2004年年报为资料，运用功效系数法，构建出适用于船舶行业上市公司的财务预警模型，并就该模型对船舶行业上市公司2003年和2004年财务状况分别进行了预警结果分析。     

Innovation types in the Finnish maritime cluster

The Finnish maritime cluster is an important sector of Finland's economy. However, literature on innovative activities within the cluster is limited. This article focuses on Finnish shipbuilding and marine industry firms. Several innovation types are identified. These are analyzed according to general characteristics of firms. The data is from a survey of 148 shipbuilding and marine industry companies; most of the variables are ordinal scale and are analyzed with standard statistical survey methods. Considering the significance and past technological achievements of the sector the results indicate surprisingly low radical innovation related-activity and attitudes towards it. As well, the results provide no evidence to support previous research, suggesting that the shipbuilding and marine industry produces more organizational than technological innovations. The innovativeness of the firms varies according to distinct characteristics such as size, intensity of in-house and collaborative R&D activities, and level of internationalization. The empirical results provide a platform for policy implications and directions for future research; innovations concerning environmental efficiency are raised as an important future area of development.     

Capturing and sharing knowledge in supply chains in the maritime transport sector: critical issues

Modern businesses in the maritime transport industry are interfacing with a dynamic, increasingly complex, information-driven world. Information and knowledge are increasingly the intangible assets on which business sustainability and growth are founded. Knowledge is a dynamic, social resource. Trading networks are significant communities of practice. To create new knowledge from these, firms utilize learning contexts. In these learning contexts, participants interact and identify, capture and share new information. The learning context needs to facilitate the prevalence of these processes. The role and significance of the context to the capture and sharing of business learning and lifelong learning is considered in this paper. It investigates critical issues in the management of this learning context to enhance competitive advantage in supply chains and networks. Given the current and potential future skills shortages in the industry, key policy implications, such as the integration of work experience into the learning cycle, encouraging lifelong learning and the provision of dual sector pathways are outlined.     

Green shipping management capability and firm performance in the container shipping industry

This study empirically identifies crucial green shipping management capability and examines its impact on firm performance using survey data collected from container shipping firms, including shipping companies and agencies. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis is performed to identify three critical green shipping management capability dimensions, namely, greener policy, greener ships, and greener suppliers. In this study, firm performance is categorized into environmental performance and financial performance. The results indicate that a greener policy has a direct and positive influence on both the greener ships and the greener suppliers factors. Greener ships and greener suppliers are found to have an indirect and positive influence on financial performance through environmental performance. Accordingly, this study suggests that container shipping managers could focus on organizational green shipping management capability, specifically regarding policies, ships, and suppliers, to improve their environmental and financial performance. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings for container shipping firms have been discussed.     

船舶异地协同设计系统

首先分析了船舶设计的业务特点和船舶行业信息化的需求,然后简单介绍了作者自行开发的船舶异地协同设计系统的结构、工作流程和工作环境,以及该系统如何支持异地并行设计和协同设计.     

船舶绿色制造势在必行

实施绿色造船是确保船舶工业可持续发展的重要途径。探讨了实施船舶绿色制造的必要性、紧迫性和可行性,提出了目前实施船舶绿色制造面临的主要问题和解决途径。     

绿色造船工艺优化新技术价值分析

针对造船的技术工艺性要求越来越高,提出一种绿色环保造船工艺,由传统烧制马板工艺到使用装备调平合龙的无码工艺,主要研究无码合龙新技术促进造船工艺改进的优化价值分析,由此实现绿色造船,降低造船成本,节省耗材,缩短造船周期,提高造船质量,解决行业痛点与问题,为我国造船行业高质量发展奠定基础,使我国由造船大国走向造船技术强国.