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《疫情期间豁免机组成员值勤期、飞行时间限制的实施办法》要求执行豁免航班(即不过夜休息航班)机组人员应对各种信号具有较高的检测能力。飞行员信号检测能力代表机组人员信息加工能力的准确性与决策效率, 高效的信息加工及决策效率能有效保障飞行安全。可见, 飞行员选择性注意、持续性警觉与阶段性警觉对飞行安全至关重要。基于信号检测原理, 设计了评估飞行员对选择性、持续性、阶段性3种刺激信号判别能力(d')与判断标准(β)的测试方法。收集了国内飞往北美洲的豁免与不豁免航班中18名飞行员在飞行过程中对上述3种信号的判断结果, 确定了辨别能力与判断标准, 绘制了受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)。结果表明: 在豁免与否2种模式下, 飞行员在去程降落后的疲劳自评感受差异最明显(卡罗琳斯卡嗜睡量表差值=2.333, 机组人员状态检查表差值=1.222);飞行员对选择性信号辨别能力(sig=0.337)与判断标准(sig=0.200)无显著性差异; 豁免航班飞行员对持续性信号的辨别能力(d'=4.149)高于不豁免航班(d'=3.137), 判断标准(β=0.616)低于不豁免航班(β=0.629);豁免航班中飞行员对阶段性信号判断能力(d'=3.916)高于不豁免航班(d'=2.994), 判断标准无显著性差异(sig=0.262)。总体而言, 豁免航班飞行员对3种信号辨别能力高于不豁免航班, 判断标准与平均反应时无显著差异。豁免航班飞行员信号检测能力不会对安全运行产生负面影响。 相似文献
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采用计算机虚拟现实技术制作野外作业车操作平台系统工作情景动画,既可显示操作平台各个组成部分的结构,也可反映操作平台系统备组成部分的功能特点。在(模拟)展示野外作业车操作平台系统备组成部分工作过程的同时,可以及时发现装配中的不协调、不完善以及运动干涉的情况,解决了以往二维设计中不可能解决或难以解决的问题。 相似文献
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为识别民机着陆过程中的飞行操作风险,提出应用曲线相似度方法,结合真实飞行数据对飞行着陆操作水平进行量化评价.选取无线电高度、驾驶杆位移以及油门杆角度作为评价飞行着陆操作的关键指标,应用飞行快速存取记录器(QAR)数据拟合各指标的目标曲线,并从曲线趋势变化、平移、伸缩3个属性度量实际曲线与目标曲线的一致性程度,构建了基于曲线相似度的飞行着陆操作评价模型.通过从某航空公司获得真实QAR数据进行实例验证,验证结果表明,一致性度量值越小,则实际曲线与目标曲线的相似度越高;飞行员的着陆操作水平越高,带来的着陆操作风险就越低.曲线相似度方法比传统的主观飞行操作评价更容易实施,结果客观量化,同时也可以推广到其它飞行阶段的操作水平评价. 相似文献
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<正>驾驶信息系统(汽车仪表)是车辆信息显示中心,各种报警指示信息、车辆行驶状态、累计、小计、行车电脑平均油耗、瞬时油耗、续驶里程等信息都显示在仪表上;驾驶员要依据这些信息进行驾驶操作,故这些信息的准确性、可靠性尤为重要,关乎到驾驶安全等方面。实际汽车的工作环境复杂,例如:在车辆刚起动或路面剧烈颠簸时,都有可能导致驾驶信息系统的供电电源出现短暂过低或丢失。当电源重新恢复正常时,通常驾驶信息系统会重新复位,这样就势必导致前面显示的一些内容被复位重新初始化,被破坏掉,如仪表菜单中所有个性化设置被复位,时 相似文献
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对波音(Boeing)与空客(Airbus)2种飞机在降落阶段中驾驶舱自动化所诱发的显性人为差错进行对比分析。针对美国航空航天局(NASA)航空安全自愿报告系统(ASRS)收集的人为差错事件,结合内容分析法将定性的事件描述转换成定量数据,然后从专业角度对飞行员主动报告的事件原因进行分析,并推论事件发生的环境等因素。结果表明,空客在降落阶段所产生的与自动化系统有关的人为差错数量多于波音;但是就飞行机组决策与违规类型的差错而言,波音多于空客。同时,机组资源管理对2种机型飞行员的决策与技能型差错的发生并无显著影响。研究表明高科技的自动化系统能有效提升飞行安全,但也会衍生出新的人-机交互方面的人为差错问题。 相似文献
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正(接上期)4.清晰视野地面视图清晰视野地面视图功能模拟了一种"透视发动机舱盖",为驾驶员提供了不受遮挡的车辆前下部视图。该功能允许驾驶员监测车辆下方的状况,并识别障碍物或障碍,以帮助应对富有挑战性的越野路况。因此,驾驶员就能够更有信心地进行越野驾驶并避免潜在的碰撞。该系统是360°全方位车身影像系统的升级版,组合使用了前视摄像头和侧摄像头以捕捉视频内容。这些视频内容是由图像处理模块B(IPMB)和信息娱乐主控制器(IMC)中的图像处理软件"拼接在一起"的。该内容然后显示在触摸屏(TS)上,从而显示具有同等感知度的有关发动机舱盖下方视图的 相似文献
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<正>六、信息娱乐系统诊断分析与典型案例信息娱乐系统主要故障表现为娱乐系统无声音、无相关视频显示(如电视和倒车影像)、CD机无法播放、信息娱乐系统操作按键E380部分按键失效、MMI显示屏黑屏所有操作都无效、导航数据一直显示初始化、CD/DVD/SD媒体驱动一直显示初始化。1.信息娱乐系统无声音此类故障大部分是功放损坏。奥 相似文献
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本文研究分析了微软模拟飞行10及Google Earth的二次开发技术,如SimConnect SDK、Google Earth COMAPI、KML,在此基础上建立了基于Google Earth的模拟飞行轨迹显示系统的系统功能架构,为系统的具体实现提供了指导。 相似文献
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Efforts are underway in Japan to promote “Smartway” next-generation roadways, which provide a variety of services through the use of advanced ITS technologies. In recent years, the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management (NILIM), part of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), has conducted public-private joint research on next-generation road services using ITS technologies. Field operational tests (FOTs) of services including forward obstacle information provision and merging assistance using 5.8 GHz dedicated short range communication (DSRC) were conducted on the Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway through FY2007. In FY2008-2009, FOTs were conducted in three major metropolitan areas—Tokyo, Nagoya, and Keihanshin (Kyoto, Osaka, and Kobe)—to promote future deployment nationwide. These included tests of information provision services to alert drivers to forward obstacles hidden beyond the crest of an incline and prevent excessive speed on sharp curves. This paper presents an overview of these FOTs conducted by NILIM in recent years and their results. 相似文献
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为了最大限度减小掏槽区域爆破振动对地表建筑物的影响,以青岛地铁2号线延安路站侧穿166号楼为研究背景,从多级楔形掏槽的减振机制入手,通过理论分析和现场实验,对各级掏槽孔间排距、深度、倾角、个数、单孔装药量及雷管段位分布等各爆破参数进行探讨。结果表明: 掏槽振速控制的重点是第2级掏槽及第3级掏槽;第2级掏槽孔与第3级掏槽孔间距不宜大于350 mm,排距不宜大于400 mm;第3级掏槽孔深度宜最大;第2级掏槽孔数目不宜少于5对,第3级掏槽孔数目不宜少于4对;第2级掏槽及第3级掏槽逐孔起爆。可使掏槽爆破振速得到有效控制。 相似文献
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Seyun Kim Wonjong Rhee Daeyoung Choi Young Jae Jang Yoonjin Yoon 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2018,19(5):895-906
Electric Vehicle (EV) is becoming a viable and popular option, but the acceptance of the technology can be challenging and lead to an elevated driving stress. The existing studies on stress of vehicle driving has been mainly limited to the non-EVs or survey analysis. In this research, EV driving data of 40 subjects is analyzed, where each subject was asked to drive an EV over a 53 km course in a suburban city of South Korea. Physiological data including electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-gazing were obtained along with vehicle operational data such as state of charge, altitude, and speed. The dataset was rich in information, but individual difference and nonlinear patterns made it extremely difficult to draw meaningful insights. As a solution, an information-theoretic framework is proposed to evaluate mutual information between physiological and operational data as well as the entropy of physiological data itself. The result shows two groups of subjects, one not showing much evidence of stress and the other exhibiting sufficient stress. Among the subjects who showed sufficient driving stress, 9 out of the top 10 high EEG-entropy drivers were female, one driver showed a strong pattern of range anxiety, and several showed patterns of uphill climbing anxiety. 相似文献
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排队长度是评价信号控制交叉口运行状态的重要参数之一。现有大多数基于抽样车辆轨迹数据的排队长度估计方法可以实现周期级排队长度估计,但是需要信号配时、渗透率或车辆到达分布等实践中难以获取的输入信息。此外,这类方法在低渗透率条件下往往难以确保估计结果的准确性和可靠性,极大地限制了其实用性。因此,提出一种抽样车辆轨迹数据驱动的时段级信号控制交叉口排队长度分布估计方法,可不依赖任何交通流理论模型和前述输入信息实现排队估计。首先,通过理论推导可以证明时段内抽样车辆的停车位置分布和排队长度分布之间可互相转化;然后,提出一种扩展的核密度估计方法来拟合并平滑抽样车辆停车位置分布,从而有效地适应不同日期和周期的轨迹叠加所带来的波动,提高方法的适用性;最后,基于前述推导和拟合的停车位置分布实现时段排队长度分布、平均排队长度和百分位排队长度估计。分别采用仿真和实证数据对上述方法进行验证和评价。结果表明,通过叠加5 d相同时段的抽样轨迹数据,15 min的平均排队长度估计误差仅为1.59 veh,相对误差仅为9%。同时,面向不同分析时长,只要给定超过100 veh抽样车辆的观测样本,无论渗透率高低,所提出的方法在定时或自适应信号控制交叉口都可实现时段排队长度分布的准确估计,其成果可进一步用于信号控制交叉口运行可靠性评估以及多时段定时信号控制的鲁棒优化。 相似文献
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Sugjoon Yoon 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2003,39(5):353-363
Summary Terrain surfaces have to be modeled in very detail and wheel-surface contacting geometry must be well defined in order to obtain proper ground-reaction and friction forces for realistic simulation of off-road vehicles. Delaunay triangulation is one of the most widely used methods in modeling 3-dimensional terrain surfaces, and the T-search is a relevant algorithm for searching resulting triangular polygons. The T-search method searches polygons in a successive order and may not allow real-time computation of off-road vehicle dynamics if the terrain is modeled with many polygons, depending on the computer performance used in the simulation. In order to accelerate the searching speed of the T-search, a terrain database of triangular polygons is modeled in multi-levels by adopting the LOD (Level of Detail) method used in real-time computer graphics. Simulation results show that the new LOD-search is effective in shortening the required computing time. The LOD-search can be even further accelerated by introducing the NN (Neural Network) algorithm, in the cases where a appropriate range of moving paths can be predicted by cultural or geographical or empirical information of the simulated terrain, such as lakes, houses, etc. Numerical tests show that LOD-NN search almost doubles the speed of the original T-search. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(5):353-363
Summary Terrain surfaces have to be modeled in very detail and wheel-surface contacting geometry must be well defined in order to obtain proper ground-reaction and friction forces for realistic simulation of off-road vehicles. Delaunay triangulation is one of the most widely used methods in modeling 3-dimensional terrain surfaces, and the T-search is a relevant algorithm for searching resulting triangular polygons. The T-search method searches polygons in a successive order and may not allow real-time computation of off-road vehicle dynamics if the terrain is modeled with many polygons, depending on the computer performance used in the simulation. In order to accelerate the searching speed of the T-search, a terrain database of triangular polygons is modeled in multi-levels by adopting the LOD (Level of Detail) method used in real-time computer graphics. Simulation results show that the new LOD-search is effective in shortening the required computing time. The LOD-search can be even further accelerated by introducing the NN (Neural Network) algorithm, in the cases where a appropriate range of moving paths can be predicted by cultural or geographical or empirical information of the simulated terrain, such as lakes, houses, etc. Numerical tests show that LOD-NN search almost doubles the speed of the original T-search. 相似文献
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该文对排水费是污水处理费还是排水设施使用费、排水费价格体系是全成本还是运行费、排水费是经营性收费还是行政事业性收费等问题进行了分析探索。 相似文献