盾构隧道结构健康监测系统设计及若干关键问题的探讨

盾构隧道运营期一般长达50~100a,随着越来越多的跨江、大埋深、大直径、长距离盾构隧道的建成与投入运营,盾构隧道结构健康监测系统已得到高度的重视。文章在对隧道结构健康监测系统调研的基础上,结合盾构隧道的特点,给出了盾构隧道结构健康监测系统的定义,即以盾构隧道结构长期监测为基础,以数据分析和力学分析为主要手段,以验证关键设计参数与指标、结构服役性能评价与预警、合理配置养护资源为主要目标的数据采集、管理与分析综合系统;提出了盾构隧道结构健康监测系统组成,包括:数据采集、传输与存储子系统,数据集成、可视化与预警子系统,数据分析与评价子系统;详细介绍了各个子系统的内容与设计方法;讨论了监测内容与位置的选取、传感器选型、数据综合集成、健康监测可视化、结构健康评价方法以及与维护养护的关系等关键问题及其在上海长江隧道等实际工程中的处理方式;最后对盾构隧道结构健康监测系统的设计与实施提出了一些具体的建议。     

智慧隧道管控系统关键技术研究

为减少公路隧道建设阶段和运营阶段地质灾害的发生,同时提高公路隧道信息化水平,对智慧隧道管控系统关键技术进行研究。阐述智慧隧道的概念,并从控制单元、车道指示器子系统、隧道数据采集方式、通信方式和控制模式几个方面研究智慧隧道管控系统,提出实现智慧隧道管控系统数据管理和服务功能的多源异构数据管理技术、智能服务技术,以期为同类型施工提供参考。     

盾构隧道施工刀盘状态实时监测系统研制

盾构隧道施工中,由于盾构刀盘后面为有压舱,刀盘工作处于"黑箱"状态.为了实时监测盾构掘进过程中刀盘滚刀及刀盘整体的工作状态,研发了一套盾构隧道施工刀盘状态实时监测系统.该系统由传感器、控制与数据传输及算法与显示三个子系统组成;传感器子系统集成了自制的滚刀磨损量与转速传感器、温度传感器、数据采集模块和电源;集成的传感器安...     

基于车联网大数据的智能交通系统构建

我国车辆保有量和驾驶员数量的高速增长给道路交通安全及汽车相关配套服务带来了新挑战,与此同时,车联网和大数据技术的高速发展也为这些问题的解决带来了新机遇。研究结合车联网和大数据分析技术,提出了基于车联网大数据的智能交通系统,逐层分析系统框架的各个要素及其功能,重点分析智能驾驶行为分析子系统、智能行车子系统、智能道路子系统三个应用子系统的设计及具体应用,并预测基于车联网大数据的智能交通系统发展趋势,为车联网大数据技术在驾驶者、车辆、道路各个要素上的应用提供了切实可行的解决方案。     

基于DSP的先进视频交通数据采集系统探讨

DSP是一种先进的视频交通数据采集系统,它操作简单,不仅能够有效的融入于道路交通数据采集系统,还能够与感应式十字路口信号灯控制系统、电子警察抓拍系统相结合,其双重功用被广泛应用于城市道路、高速公路交通数据采集,以及公路隧道、桥梁的意外事故监控系统中,并且可以适应各种天气,具有全天候检测的能力。文章从系统特点、检测数据精度、系统的多功能性及系统操作的方便性等方面介绍了该系统的先进性、实用性。     

高速公路机电设备运维数据采集系统研究

随着广西高速公路的快速发展,高速公路上的机电设备的安装数量大幅增长,依赖传统人工方法对机电设备巡检、维护已显得力不从心,因此迫切需要构建高速公路机电运维管理系统对高速公路上的机电设备进行智能化管理。而该系统的机电设备数据分析、设备告警等功能依赖于数据采集系统,所以构建一套稳定、可扩展性强的高速公路机电设备运维数据采集系统尤为重要。文章阐述了如何应用Elasticsearch数据库、Nginx-Tomcat集群技术、Kafka消息中间件开发运维数据采集系统,并介绍了该系统实际运行效果。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

特大断面隧道远程自动监测方案的研究

文章介绍了特大断面隧道——广州龙头山隧道的远程自动监测系统。该系统由本地子系统和远程监测子系统构成,其中本地测量子系统实现了对拱顶沉降、锚杆应力、二次衬砌钢筋应力和二次衬砌混凝土应变四个方面的远程自动监测;无线传输子系统采用基于Web(Internet)及GSM中GPRS的无线远程数据传输方式,实现了对隧道监测数据的远程无线传输。根据7个月监测可知,龙头山隧道使用正常,各部分结构处于安全状态。为评价特大断面隧道结构的长期安全性,还需要在今后的运营阶段做更长时间的监测及提供更多的数据支持。     

我国公路口岸将全面联网

目前，经交通运输部公路科学研究院历时两年时间研发的国际道路运输信息管理服务系统已在黑龙江建成并投入使用，该系统实现了数据采集电子化、数据统计自动化，提高了数据的精确度。这一系统今后将在全国投入应用，届时我国公路口岸将全面联网，实现信息共享。     

水平定向钻数据采集及远程监控系统研究

文中针对油气长输管道水平定向钻施工,研发了数据采集及远程监控系统。通过数据采集装置将钻机施工中的关键数据进行实时采集、处理和远程无线传输,由手机APP进行远程监控,实现了工程项目的远程管理,预测后续施工中可能出现的问题,降低施工风险,提高施工效率。     

新型锅炉控制系统的设计

系统的上位机利用虚拟仪器技术实现多个锅炉的联合控制,可随时查看各子系统的当前运行状态和历史运行记录等信息.下位机采用Atmega16单片机作为主控制器,包括温度采集单元、液晶显示单元等部分,利用抗干扰技术,使控制系统的运行更加准确可靠.利用RS-485通讯,对锅炉进行远程监控,提高锅炉的安全性,降低操作人员工作量,提高管理水平.     

Measuring energy and environmental efficiency of transportation systems in China based on a parallel DEA approach

Because of China’s rapid economic development, its transportation system has become one of China’s high-energy-consumption and high-pollution-emission sectors. However, little research has been done which pays close attention to China’s transportation system, especially in terms of energy and environmental efficiency evaluation. In this paper, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is applied to measure the energy and environment performance of transportation systems in China with the goal of sustainable development. This paper treats transportation as a parallel system consisting of subsystems for passenger transportation and freight transportation, and extends a parallel DEA approach to evaluate the efficiency of each subsystem. An efficiency decomposition procedure is proposed to obtain the highest achievable subsystem efficiency. Our empirical study on 30 of mainland China’s provincial-level regions shows that most of them have a low efficiency in their transportation system and the two parallel subsystems. There are large efficiency differences between the passenger and freight transportation subsystems. In addition, unbalanced development has occurred in the three large areas of China, with the east having the highest efficiency, followed by central China and then west. Therefore, more measures should be taken to balance and coordinate the development between the three large areas and between the two subsystems within them. Our analysis approach gives data for determining effective measures.     

高速公路ETC密钥管理系统研究

密钥管理系统(KMS)是电子不停车收费系统(ETC)中的一个关键子系统。文章介绍了密钥管理系统的加密算法、功能需求、程序执行过程、结构设计及软件模块,阐述了密钥管理系统的编程开发与应用情况。     

轴测图在管道完整性管理中的应用

轴测图是建设期管道设计、施工数据信息的重要载体。在叙述管道轴测图概念的基础上,分析了轴测图在数据采集、风险评价等管道完整性管理环节的作用。根据管道完整性管理需要,提出了轴测图数据的完整性和准确性的保障措施和流程,促进其在管道完整性管理中的应用,同时为建设期管道数据质量控制探索有益经验。     

Decision Support Systems for Public Transport Management: The Athens Public Transport Authority Project

This article reports on an implementation study of a computerised decision support system for public transport management for the Athens Public Transport Authority (APTA). The study analysed the current situation, specified user requirements, determined system functionality, designed the system architecture, organised the project and, finally, planned dissemination activities. The decision support system covers the main public transport management activities of APTA - transport service provision, economic and financial planning, passenger complaints and suggestions, and personnel management - offering its users the possibility to study the potential effects of their decisions before implementation. To achieve this, the system will consist of a data warehousing system, for the integrated management of a wide variety of data sources, and of online analytical processing tools, for information analysis and scenario testing. The system architecture has been designed to offer robustness, flexibility, rich functionality and open connectivity. The system aims to help APTA reduce operational costs and provide a better transport service, attracting more passengers to public transport and reducing, in the process, congestion and pollution.     

基于综合科技的智能交通实训系统的研制

文章介绍了集机械、液压、电子、光学、控制、计算机、传感器、PLC、信息采集等多学科技术于一体的智能交通实训系统的技术原理,阐述了所研制的基于综合科技的智能交通实训系统各子系统的组成、运作方式及教学用途。     

Expert systems in pavement management

This paper discusses the potential application of expert systems, a new information technology derived from artificial intelligence research, to pavement management. The principal focus concerns the development of such knowledge-based or expert systems for project-level analysis and design of pavement rehabilitation strategies. Particular emphasis is placed on the needs of locally managed highway systems, although many of the concepts are also more broadly applicable. The paper provides a brief overview of the evolution and application of expert systems. Several major issues in pavement management are discussed which strongly suggest the appropriateness of expert systems approaches. These issues include the role of computerized pavement management systems, the acquisition of pavement performance data and current procedures for pavement structural evaluation and design. Current research on PARADIGM, an integrated set of expert systems for pavement rehabilitation decision-making, is described. Finally, a PARADIGM component system consisting of an operational prototype expert system for pavement surface condition evaluation, is presented as an example.     

A KBS application for market research advice in transport

This paper presents some results of a knowledge based system (KBS) development applied to market research (MR) issues in transport. This application represents a rule production approach to decisions associated with the definition of appropriate survey procedures for various operation‐management problems in a transport enterprise or agency. The basic idea is to provide an aid for the user (manager, student or practitioner), who is concerned with MR, but is not very familiar with this field or has some concerns over data‐gathering and the use of that information. It focuses on specific applications in the transport environment and gives the user some support in maintaining greater consistency in his (her) decisions.

The objective of this paper is to describe the system structure, to point out some important aspects and problems arising during its development and also to make some comments with respect to the further development of this and similar systems.