重型绞吸式挖泥船挖掘中风化岩影响因素分析

针对目前国内外疏浚岩石理论及岩石疏挖工艺研究较少的现状,以重型绞吸式挖泥船在中风化岩石条件下的挖掘施工数据为基础,提出了疏浚岩体基本质量指标修正值[BQ]TH,并对中风化岩石性质与施工参数的相互影响因素进行分析。结果表明,绞刀切片厚度、绞刀转速、绞刀功率等施工参数与岩体基本质量指标修正值[BQ]TH的相关性较好,并拟合得出相应的经验公式,对挖岩工艺的改进具有指导意义。     

一种基于旁压试验进行疏浚软岩岩体分级的方法

现有规范划分疏浚工程岩体时没有考虑岩体完整性的问题,针对这一问题,须寻找适合疏浚岩体分级的方法。阐述旁压试验的机理、方法及海洋勘察的适用性,分析旁压试验压力与岩体强度和完整性的关系,得出旁压试验能综合反映疏浚软岩岩体特性的结论。结合岩石基本分级,构建适合疏浚工程软岩岩体的分级体系。将此体系应用到摩洛哥萨菲新港软岩勘察中,为船舶选型和预估生产率等提供数据支撑。     

砂岩磨蚀性在“天鲲号”绞吸挖泥船挖掘过程中的应用

广西某港航道扩建工程,重型绞吸船“天鲲号”疏浚典型风化砂岩时刀齿出现磨蚀和断裂现象,影响施工效率发挥。在分析疏浚风化砂岩抗拉强度和矿物成分特性指标基础上,结合疏浚岩石磨蚀性理论,推导出广西钦州砂岩磨蚀性指数与绞刀刀齿消耗的经验性关系公式,用来预测重型绞吸船挖掘风化岩石的绞刀齿消耗量。研究结果表明：1）中风化砂岩岩体完整性较好,单轴饱和抗压强度为9～41 MPa,疏浚岩土工程特性分级为12～13级。施工中风化砂岩岩体时绞刀刀臂和刀齿磨蚀断裂问题突出,中风化砂岩是影响疏浚效率的关键土质。2）创新性引入改进的Schimazek值F理论,综合考虑矿物成分种类、矿物含量、矿物硬度、岩石粒度和岩石饱和抗拉强度因素,来评估岩石材料的磨蚀性。3）基于疏浚岩石磨蚀性理论和施工参数,推导出“天鲲号”万方刀齿消耗量和改进Schimazek值F之间公式。4）预测“天鲲号”万方刀齿消耗量计算值和实测值的相对偏差绝对值在17.3%以下,可靠性良好,为疏浚岩石提供技术支撑。     

日照港区风化花岗岩力学指标和疏浚参数相关性分析

以山东日照港区重型绞吸船开挖风化花岗岩为例,依据疏浚区域岩石性质进行疏浚区域划分,进行风化花岗岩力学指标和疏浚参数相关性分析,建立疏浚区域风化花岗岩力学指标标准贯入击数和疏浚参数经验性公式。基于疏浚工程施工中疏浚生产率、风化花岗岩的分布和力学性质的相互关系,将重型绞吸船开挖日照港风化花岗岩的难易程度进行等级划分,为重型绞吸船开挖风化花岗岩提供施工技术支持。     

连云港港混合土的特性指标与挖掘产量关系

绞吸船疏浚典型黏性土、密实粉土粉砂和钙质结核物的混合土时易糊绞刀头,且输送时易堵管。依托连云港港30万吨级航道疏浚工程,对混合土的不均匀性进行分析,从典型土的挖掘比能与船舶施工参数相关性角度,推导出连云港港混合土的特性指标与挖掘产量的计算公式,可预测复杂土的疏浚产量。结果表明:连云港港典型混合土由黏性土、密实粉土粉砂和钙质结核物混合而成,具有多种土质特性;利用推导出的公式预测"天虎号"绞吸船挖掘此类土的生产率,经过与实测值对比,其相对偏差在15%以下,可靠性好,可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

钦州港东航道扩建工程挖掘砂岩比能

依托广西钦州港东航道扩建工程，基于重型绞吸船“天鲲号”疏浚典型砂岩时挖掘困难、刀齿和管线等磨损严重且输送时易堵管问题，分析疏浚砂岩特性指标。从风化砂岩挖掘比能与船舶施工参数相关性角度，基于挖掘施工参数及比能理论，推导出钦州砂岩的特性指标单轴饱和抗压强度、绞刀消耗功率与挖掘产量的计算公式。利用该公式，可预测重型绞吸船挖掘风化岩石的挖掘产量，为疏浚工程经营生产提供技术支撑。     

疏浚珊瑚礁岩特性及相互关系分析

基于珊瑚礁岩疏浚工程的土工试验测试数据、地质勘察资料、海洋水动力环境和沉积环境,应用归纳、数理统计和回归分析的方法,对疏浚珊瑚礁岩分布特征、物理力学特性及相互关系进行了研究分析。结果表明:1)抗压强度高和完整性好的珊瑚礁岩主要分布在外礁坪剧烈冲刷带,即为疏浚中常说的挖掘困难的口门地带。2)疏浚珊瑚礁岩具有物理力学指标变化范围大的特点,会给疏浚施工带来困难。3)珊瑚礁岩特性指标之间经验公式的回归系数均在0.699以上,具有较高相关关系。以上研究成果为珊瑚礁岩疏浚工程投标决策、工艺管理和施工管理等提供技术支持,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

基于粗糙集技术的绞吸船挖掘黏性土生产率预测

挖泥船是疏浚工程中应用最广泛的疏浚设备,其生产效率直接影响整个工程的效率。本文采用粗糙集技术建立了一个船舶生产率预估模型,并针对绞吸船挖掘黏性土这一工况,开展模型验证性试验。根据实船数据与经验研究成果,分别采用土质参数与土质等级两种方式表征土质变化情况,并对两种方式下生产率预估结果进行对比。结果表明：两种方式下生产率误差均在10%以下,采用粗糙集技术建立生产率预估模型的方法可行;基于土质等级建模得到的生产率预估值更接近实际生产率。     

使用自航耙吸船作业的疏浚工程工期估算方法

耙吸挖泥船是疏浚作业的主力船型,由于疏浚工程分布广,施工地区土质、海洋环境等条件的多样性,给工程初期对工期的准确估算十分困难,而工期直接关系到工程报价。文章针对工期,建立了一种疏浚工程工期的快速估算方法。通过对工作效率进行计算,考虑土质、水流流速等影响挖泥效率的环境因素,分析挖泥时间的构成,构建泥泵效率影响因素经验公式,并利用已有数据进行处理和验证。在此基础上,进行了敏感性分析,采用蒙特卡洛方法对工期进行了统计分析,验证了模型正确性。     

船舶施工工艺在航道疏浚工程中的技术性研究

航道疏浚工程是按照一定的深度和范围对航道或者港口水域进行挖掘从而对水底的淤泥、砂以及岩石进行清理的港口工程,也是改善航道、港口水域并对其进行改善的主要工程手段之一。航道疏浚工程的施工不仅和疏浚物质的特点以及施工区的水文、气象、地理环境有关,还和船舶施工工艺有着很大的关系,需要充分的利用船舶施工工艺保障航道疏浚工程的正常进行,为此我们通过一个工程案例,分析船舶施工工艺在航道疏浚工程中的应用。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。